Arden (Belgium). amahlathi Ardennes: indima ye-First kunye Second World Wars

yasehlathini Ardennes - yinto uluhlu enkulu phezu eponymous zentaba, ibekwe emdeni namhlanje eFransi, Belgium kunye Luxembourg. Kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini imvelaphi igama: kukho uluvo lokuba le placename Ardenne (Ardennes) ubuyela ilizwi Celtic 'abamnyama', ngelixa ngokutsho kwenye inguqulelo, igama livela emahlathini Isichazi "phezulu" ulwimi olufanayo.

iimpawu ngokubanzi

amahlathi Ardennes inee- imithombo yendalo. Kukho iidipozithi amalahle ore. Le flora kakhulu zimelwe birches, spruces kunye nezinye Conifers. Wayinika ke igama lomnye kumntla-mpuma isebe isiFrentshi, yaye namhlanje lelona iipaki inkulu zendalo sokhenketho. ihlathi Ardennes ithatha indawo qhinga kakuhle kakhulu, ngoko ntonje imeko iziganeko ezinkulu eYurophu.

Kwimbali nenkcubeko

Sisihlandlo sokuqala yehlathi Ardennes libhekisela I BC. Yuliy Tsezar in odumileyo yakhe "Amanqaku kwi leMfazwe mbobo" ayithethi soyike kule sihloko. Ukongeza, kukho uluhlu kubhekiselele kwinani imisebenzi abaziwayo zoncwadi. Ngokomzekelo, yabona ndibhadula knight amanene Roland, iqhawe yemibongo zamaxesha namabali. Isenzo comedy Shakespearean odumileyo "Njengokuba Ungathanda It" bunikwa ehlathini. KumaXesha Aphakathi, ukuxoxa kwimisebenzi yabo wenza oku uluhlu lwe indawo enhle, siphangela entlango yakhe umlingo imithombo, izinto ze kudume izidalwa esingaqhelekanga.

impi

Ardennes Forest yaba kwindawo enye imisebenzi ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Apha ku Agasti kunyaka wokuqala, kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe kwabakho ukulwa komsindo imikhosi yaseJamani kunye isiFrentshi. ukungqubana ezinkulu zenzeka kwiindawo ezimbini: kummandla Longwy kunye Semois River. Kwicandelo lokuqala imikhosi isiFrentshi boyiswa kwaye lihambe liye ngasemzantsi. Emva koko beza imfazwe phakathi isiqabu encinane. Phezu komlambo, umkhosi French, nangona ukongama kwayo, nayo akuphumelelanga.

Nokusebenza 1944-1945

Ke imeko longquzulwano phakathi Amanyeneyo kunye amaJamani naye waba ehlathini Ardennes. Imfazwe Wanditsala esiphelweni, kodwa wayekade kwidabi, apho omabini amacala ndozibutha zonke amandla abo. Ngehlobo lowe-1944 Amanyeneyo ziwela amabutho zabo eNormandy, ngaloo ndlela evula ngaphambili yesibini kwilizwekazi yaseYurophu. Oku kube nzima kakhulu indawo ka amaJamani entshonalanga, njengoko kwanyanzeleka ukuba yahlula imikhosi yazo ibe ngamaqela amabini kwaye buthathaka indawo kwicandelo wasempuma. amabutho Anglo-American babelungisa ukuhlaselwa enkulu, kodwa amaJamani ababefanele ukwaphula iinqaba zabo.

Malunga izicwangciso zabo kwazeka kuwo umyalelo, yaye waphuma waya kwinyathelo elilandelayo: iindawo ezininzi ezinamandla nabanako babekwa Umntla nomzantsi, kunye nakumbindi eziphumelela ezibuthathaka bayawarhawula esekelwe uthabathe utshaba kumgibe. Noko ke, amaJamani ngokusesikweni ekhubekisayo enkulu ngokwaneleyo, impembelelo yabo babehlangene phambili uvalo zila.

ekhubekisayo

Beka kuvuthelwa engundoqo umkhosi waseJamani phakathi kuDisemba kwicandelo wasentshona ehlathini Ardennes. I-Second World War kufika esiphelweni, kodwa ke umsebenzi watyhila ukuba indawo waseJamani esenamandla ngokwaneleyo. Ngapha koko ke, waphuncuka nasekuziqiniseni inkqubela kakhulu nezwe. umsebenzi okulwa Kwabekwa phambi kwabo: ukufaka iibhulorho phezu Meuse River, njengoko wavula indlela eya kummandla eBelgium. AmaJamani wagqiba ekubeni ukuthabatha eli nyathelo, nangona abaswela amafutha, kodwa ke kulindeleke ukuba bazalise ukuba le mimandla isiFrentshi kwaye Belgian. Kwisithuba seentsuku ezilishumi, imikhosi yaseJamani wahlasela Allied isikhundla. Akwazi ukuba zifake kwidolophu St. Vith. Kodwa Bastogne ukuba bathathe ayiphumelelanga. Ukuze kukhawuleziswe ngasemva, Churchill wacela Stalin kangangokuba olukhawulezisiweyo intshukumo eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet kwicandelo yasentshona.

counteroffensive

Arena ukuziphindiselela sizana baba onke efanayo Ardennes ezinzima ehlathini. Belgium, ngakumbi ngqo, ikomkhulu yayo, waye injongo intshukumo ngamaNazi, apho babenethemba niwuzalise izinto zabo, kunye namafutha. Noko ke, ekupheleni kukaDisemba nasekuqaleni Januwari kunyaka ozayo, Amanyeneyo sahlasela isigqibo. Basilele icebo labo ukulujikeleza amaJamani uze kubathabathela khonkcweni. Ukususela nasentla, nasezantsi, babangela izithonga ncam kulandwa kwi utshaba ubamkelela kokusingqongileyo. Noko ke, utshaba waqhubeka ukuba sixhathise kwaye bazikhusele. Ingongoma zatshintsha yokugqibela bafika emva kokuba umkhosi Soviet lasungula ekhubekisayo enkulu, ithabathele kuLwandle lweBaltic ukuya kwiiNtaba zeCarpath. Oku ngenkani umyalelo waseJamani sokutshintshela imikhosi esisiseko, anekhono kunazo empumalanga, ngaloo ndlela buthathaka indawo West. Ke Amanyeneyo babulala ukoyiswa lokugqibela utshaba, yaye nakuba kwakuthiwe uHitler ukuba aqhubeke ekhubekisayo, iintsalela zemikhosi baseJamani baqalisa baleka.

inani

ihlathi Ardennes, ifoto yayo thaca kweli nqaku, laliyindawo omnye ukoyiswa ezimbi kakhulu amaJamani kwinqanaba lokugqibela imfazwe. Boyiswa phantse yonke moya yayo kulo msebenzi, nangona phambi kokuba ixesha kubangela inani bahlaselwe ezibalulekileyo kwi zokuchopha namahlakani kwi kwintsimi isiFrentshi kwaye Belgian. AmaNazi akazange azalisekise nokuba ingxaki zalo ezisisiseko zobugcisa: musa ukufaka iibhulorho phezu Meuse River. Kwakhona akazange ukufikelela amafutha, apho inqaku lesibini ibalulekileyo umyalelo waseJamani.