Dysarthria abantwana kunye nabantu abadala: Oonobangela kunye Iimpawu

Dysarthria ekuthiwa ngentetho disorder, oko kukuthi ecaleni layo proiznositelnoj. Oku kusekelwe yokunqongophala innervation, okanye ukungasebenzi le luvo uxanduva sokudityaniswa amalungu okuthetha kunye nenkqubo luvo. Kunokuba ibe ngenxa yomonakalo kobuchopho yokujikeleza, izifo ezosulelayo TSNR, iinkqubo ithumba ebuchotsheni okanye intloko ukulimala. Dysarthria kubantwana kunokwenzeka ngenxa trauma wokuzalwa, ukungaqheleki iziphene, zizalwa ekuzalweni, izifo ilifa e-nervous system. Ngokufuthi oko kukhatshwa, kunye nezigulo intshukumo. Kwiimeko ezininzi (85%), dysarthria kubantwana abahamba abantwana abanedumbe lobuchopho.

Ezibonisa ezingundoqo dysarthria ziquka utshintsho isantya isingqi yokuthetha, uhlaba ilizwi layo, phonation kakuhle, zokucacisa slurred. Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezininzi kukho ezinye iimpawu: ukuphazamiseka kukuginya kwaye ukuhlafuna ukuphazamiseka of ngokweemvakalelo volitional, njalo njalo D. Le isigulane - slurred kwaye olungaqondakaliyo, ivame kakhulu kunzima ukwenza phandle.. Uninzi degrees eyodwa dysarthria - ngenxa yokuthetha indlela yabantu Iyaqondakala kwabanye. Acinywe dysarthria ebantwaneni okanye dysarthria okuphakathi abadala yaye lubonakala ngokuba indistinctness ethile nasally (nasalization) intetho, Noko ke, leyo, Iyaqondakala kwabanye. lungabonakaliswa iimpawu luvo kulo mzekelo ngokucacileyo okanye phantse engekho. Dysarthria abantwana kunye nabantu abadala sandla zokumodareyitha ephawuleka uhlaba ebalulekileyo intetho - kangangokuba kakhulu kangangokuba ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo isigulane badla abantu abasondeleyo kuphela. Ekugqibeleni, degree kakhulu lwe dysarthria kwenza intetho yabantu ukuqonda ayinakwenzeka, yaye kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu kusenokuba babe khona ngokupheleleyo (anarthria).

Ukwahlula kwakhona iintlobo ezininzi eyodwa dysarthria, ngokusekelwe indawo sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ye izixhobo lwemoto yokuthetha kunye nohlenga of syndromes luvo. Dysarthria, iimpawu eziveleleyo zeemo ezahlukeneyo leyo efana kakhulu, nayo ibonakala kakuhle ukuphefumla intetho, akhokelela uhlaba inxalenye yokuthetha, imvakalozwi, amandla kunye nelizwi. Ngenxa yokuba abantwana izilonda palsy ubuchopho Palsy kwentamo kwindalo, ukuba ngokubanzi langoku iintlobo exube lesi sifo. Kuba umahluko ocacileyo iintlobo dysarthria, apho kuyimfuneko ukukhetha unyango olufanelekileyo, kufuneka ukuba bajonge iingcali ezininzi (therapist intetho, luvo) - kuba sigqibo kunye nentetho, kunye nezigulo motor ekhoyo.

Bekela bucala bulbar, subcortical, cortical, cerebellar, ifom dysarthria pseudobulbar. Okokugqibela, ukukhubazeka okanye paresis le luvo esuka kwi ngumonzakalo ukuya eziba le hypoglossal, vagus, luvo glossopharyngeal, livela kaninzi ebantwaneni. Kule meko ubengaphule intetho kuphela, kodwa kwakhona izakhono motor lulonke. Umntwana naye une ubunzima igwinya, kukho hypersalivation (izinkcwe kakhulu). Abafundi kunye dysarthria babe nobunzima ekufundeni ukufunda, ukubhala. iimpazamo gumbini xa ubhala - kudlula okanye ukutshintshwa ezinye iincwadi, akakhethi buso, yaye ngokufuthi uhlaba epheleleyo amazwi, uwele iinxalenye phezulu zentetho, amagama ezifanayo ezingachanekanga.

Unyango dysarthria - yinkqubo ethatha ixesha elide, ibalwe, ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, kuxhomekeka namandla aso. Ekuqaleni, oko yenziwa esibhedlele iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu phantsi kolawulo luvo, unyango intetho ngamanye amaxesha pathologists, ngoko kuqhubeka qho kwesibhedlele. Ukongeza kwiiseshoni ilizwi, lo gama usebenzisa ukuyifundisa umthambo ukuphefumla, reflexotherapy; ukuze isetyenziswe unyango. Kufanele kuqondwe: dysarthria ebantwaneni kukuthi engalindelekanga ekufuneka anyangwe ngaphandle esebenzayo inxaxheba kwabazali. Kufuneka ukuba bazibandakanye ne umntwana yonke imihla, kokubona nje ngommiselo ineengcali.