I-Adler iinkukhu zilukhuni. Ukuzala nokugcina

Xa ukhetha iinkukhu zokulima ekhaya, kungcono ukuthobela ingqalelo loo mihlaba eyayiqanda inyama. Ziyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ummeli oqaqambileyo kweli qela ngu-Adler udidi lwezinkukhu.

Imbali yokubonakala

Ngethuba lokuqala, iintaka zobu buhlanga zavela kwi-elektri ye-inkukhu yase-Adler e-Krasnodar Territory of the Federation. Kwakukho iinkukhu ezinqamlekileyo zaseRussia ezimhlophe, ezimhlophe ePlymouth, eNew Hampshire, ngoMeyi Usuku. Umsebenzi wokhetho uqale ngowe-1951, waphela kuphela ngo-1965. Ngelo xesha, ukunyuka okukhulu kwimfuyo yale ntaka kwaqala.

Ukuba ngo-1965 bekukho malunga namawaka angama-46 kubo, ngoko ngo-1975-sele sele i-110 000, kwaye ngo-1990-ii-2,644 zamawaka. Kodwa ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka, inani labo laqala ukuhla ngokukhawuleza. Kukholelwa ukuba kukho iincinci ezili-1 eziintloko eziseRashiya.

Ngaphandle

Ngaphandle, iintaka ziphuma kunye nomzimba wazo omkhulu. Ngelo xesha bafumana intloko ejikelezileyo yobukhulu obuphakathi, inqanaba elincinci elincinci elincinci elincinci, umlenze obomvu ophuziweyo, amehlo ejikelezileyo. Intamo iphakathi ubude, kwaye i- lobes yeendlebe iyancinci kwaye ibomvu.

Izinkukhu zokukhupha zika-Adler zikwahluke ngokubuya ngqo kunye nobanzi, imilenze yobude obude, umsila omncinane namaphiko agxininiswe kwisiqu. Umqolo wesibeleko uveliswe kakuhle, unobulungisa. Amabele abo aphezulu. Ukutyhalwa kweentaka kumhlophe, kuyavutha. Enyanisweni, bahluke ngamabhentshi amnyama. Iintsiba ezimnyama zimele zibe ngamaphiko, zihamba-ngomsila. Namabala amnyama atyunjwe nge-pigtails.

Izixhobo

Iqanda lika-Adler elilele libhekwa njengeliqhelekileyo. Ngonyaka, iinkukhu zinikeza amaqanda angama-170-190, ubunzima babo ngabanye abadluli i-gram 60. I-eggshell i-creamy.

Iimizi, njengabavelisi, zibhekwa njengezisebenzayo. Kuzo zonke iinkukhu eziyi-15-20, omnye ummeli onjalo unele. Kwiimeko zengqesho zendlu zingagcinwa iminyaka eyi-3-4. Baqala ukuthwala amaqanda kwiinyanga ezili-6.

I-Adler ibhere yesilivere inokulinganisa ukuya kwi-2.8 kg, ii-roost zingakhula zibe zi-3.9 kg. Ngaloo xesha umbala weempuphu ufana, bahluke kuphela ngobukhulu kunye nomlo. Kwiintsuku ezingama-60 iinkukhu ziba malunga ne-870 amagremu, kunye nabesilisa - 1.1 kg. Ngomnyaka wokuqala we-oviposition, unokulindela ukufumana amaqanda angama-200. Kwixesha elilandelayo, linciphisa kancane kwaye lihlala kwizinga ezili-170. Ngenyanga yokuqala amaqanda amancinci, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ubukhulu bawo buyanda.

Ngendlela, abantu abaninzi bayaqaphela ukuba udidi lwe-Adler lukhuni lwezinkukhu luya kuqhubeka lungcono kunama-yokuqala eminyaka emva kokususwa kwalo. Ngelo xesha, iintaka ziqala ukukhula ezincinci. Le yinkqubo yendalo, ihlale ikhona kwimveliso encane yamaqanda ephezulu yeeyns ephezulu kuneenkukhu ezinkulu.

Imiqathango yokuvalelwa

Izinkukhu ezinamathunga azintlu azixhomekekanga kwiimeko zokutya kunye nobomi. Ukuhlanganiswa kokuhleka kweqanda, ukunyaniseka kunye nokulula komxholo kwenza kube yinto ekhethekileyo yokukhetha ukuzaliswa kwimihlaba yasekhaya. Ziyakunyamezela ngokupheleleyo ukufudumala nokubanda.

Kodwa nangomxholo wabo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela inani leempawu. Ngokomzekelo, akufuneki ukuba iinkukhu ziwususe iqanda lawo lokuqala ngaphambi komhla ofunekayo. Oku kunokubangela intlungu yentaka. I-Ideal iyithuba leenyanga ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-9.

Abantu abadala abazithobekanga ngemozulu kuphela, kodwa nakwiindawo zokuphila. Enyanisweni, ukuba azinayo indawo, kwaye zifumaneka phantsi, kubalulekile ukuba zenze i-litter. I-Peat ithathwa njengeyona nto ibhetele - ifanelekile kwiipropati zayo ezixakekayo.

Abaphathi abalungileyo kufuneka banakekele amandla okukhupha "ukugibela" emlotha owomileyo okanye ngesanti. Ngoxa uncedo olunjalo olubizwa ngokuba "ngamabhafu" banokukrazula iipasisiti.

Ukutya

Ukuze iinkukhu ze-Adler zikhusele kakuhle kwaye zikhule ngokukhawuleza, kubalulekile ukukhetha ukutya ngokufanelekileyo. Kumele kube nokuchaneka. Ukuba ehlobo, iintaka zingakwazi ukufumana ngokukhululekileyo izinto eziyidingayo kwi-free-range, ebusika abanikazi kufuneka banakekele oku.

Amafama amaninzi enenkukhu ayanelisekile kukuba unobumba be-chick. Ukuphononongwa ngabantu abakukhulayo, bangashiyi mntu ongenamdla kulezi zinkukhu ezimhlophe. Emva koko, ba kholose kakhulu. I-Kur ilula ukuyifundisa ukukhupha ezandleni kwaye ugijime kumnini umnxeba. Ukutya iintaka ezindala zidinga kabini ngosuku.

Ekudleni kwabo kufuneka kube yimbewu yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukubeka iinkuni kufune ukolweni kunye nebhali. Kananjalo banokudliwa kunye nenkunkuma, ithanga, imifuno, iifatate. Ngamanani amancinci, kunqweneleka ukuba ukutya kwabo kubandakanya iigobols, isikhokelo kunye nesidlo se bone.

Ukuzaliswa

Kunzima kakhulu ukuzalisa lo mfuzo ngaphandle kweemoto ezizodwa ekhaya. Emva kwakho konke, isisitho sokuqanda amaqanda asinakuphuhliswa kuwo, i-1 kwi-10 i-hens idlulela kwiingcongolo, kodwa le nto ayisoloko isenzeka. Ngoko ke, i-incubator kufuneka ihlale isondele. Ngokuncedwa, ngendlela, unokufumana isivuno esiphezulu sezinkukhu - kwinqanaba lama-95%. Kodwa ngokwemyinge malunga ne-85%.

Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, amafama enkukhu aneengxaki ezimbalwa zokubuyisela iinkukhu ukuya emhlambini.

Ukutshitshiswa kweenkukhu kufuneka kugcinwe kuhluke kwi-stock main. Indawo yabo ikhethiweyo yomile kwaye ifudumele. Kwimozulu elungileyo, ngomhla we-5 emva kokuhlanjululwa, banokuhamba ngeqonga.

Ukuhoxiswa kwabaselula

Ukuze kukhishwe indawo yokuzala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungavelisi iinkukhu ezintsha ngaphambi kokuphela kukaMeyi. Oku kuthethwa ngabaninzi balabo abane-Adler ukuzaliswa kweenkukhu ezikhulayo. I-Feedback ibonisa ukuba umntwana wangaphambili ungabangela ukuba iinkukhu ziqalise ukuthwala amaqanda ngexesha leenyanga ezi-4-4.5. Olu hlobo lokuvuthwa kwangaphambili lunokuchaphazela kakubi isimo sempilo yabo. Emva koko, kule minyaka, ukubeka iinkukhu akukabikwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuthotyelwa kwale mihla ingentla kuphucula ukukhutshwa kweenkuku phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo kakhulu, ngokunciphisa okwenyuka kweeyure zomini. Ukulungele ukuba iinkukhu ezikhulile ekhaya zikhuliswe ngale ndlela. Uhlobo lwe-Adlerskaya silvery luqinile kwaye luhlala luqina. Kodwa inkukhu evuthiweyo ngaphambi kokuba ihlaselwe yi-prolapse ye-oviduct, ngaphezu koko, ixhomekeke kwizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Ukutya izilwanyana eziselula

Xa kukhula inyoni kubalulekile ukulandela imigaqo ebekiwe. Ngoko ke, kuphela iintsuku ezincinane kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zondliwa ama-5 okanye amaxesha ama-6 ngosuku. Emva kwexesha, inani lezondlo liyancitshiswa ukuya kumaxesha ama-3-4. Ngeli nqanaba, abantwana kufuneka babe sele beveki ezine.

Ekudleni kweentaka ezingaphantsi kweeveki ezingama-48 kufuneka zibandakanye ingqolowa nengqolowa. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba badle inani elikhulu lezambatho, imifino, izaqathe. Ngamanani amancinci, badinga i-bone kunye nentambo yeentlanzi, iigobols, i-waste and chalk.

Ukuchaneka kohlobo

Abaninzi abakwaziyo, kodwa iinkukhu ziveliswe kakuhle kwinkqubo yesantya. Ngako oko, isimo sengqondo esivumelekileyo kule ntaka siqinisekiso sesimo sayo esihle, kwaye ngoko-ke. Oku konke kunzima kukukhuthaza ukukhula okulungileyo, uphuhliso, ukwanda kweemveliso zeentaka.

Ngokwahlukileyo, abaninzi banokubheka indlela yokuziphatha kwezi zityalo zolu hlobo. Baya kuthiwa yi-gentlemen. Xa besondla, bakhala kuzo zonke iinkukhu. Baqala ukucima ukutya kuphela emva kokuba bonke abafazi bayeke ukutya. Benza kwakhona kwiimeko xa bethola into enomnandi. Yilokho iingcali zibiza enye yezizathu zokuthi iindawo zokuhlala ezi zifuyo azikhulu kunokuba zibeke iinkukhu.

Inomdla nento yokuba bafundisa iinkuku ukuba zihluthe. Benza oku ngendlela elandelayo. I-rooster yona inyukela esihlahleni kwaye ihleli kuyo njengenkukhu. Emva koko, uqala ukukhalela "inomdla" othile ukubiza iinkukhu. Abantu abaselula bayaguquleka ngenomdla kwaye bagcine indlela yokuziphatha kweqhude. Ngoko i-Adler iinkukhu ze-silvery zisetyenziselwa ukuba zithwalwe kuphela kwiindawo. Abayi kubeka amaqanda kwintsi, phantsi kocingo okanye kwezinye iindawo ezingakhange zilungiswe kule njongo.

Crossbreeding

Emva kokufumana udidi lwe-Adler, abalimi abazange bayeke khona. Bafumanise ukuba xa bewela iinkuku ngeentonga ze-rod-ayland okanye i-New Hampshire, umntu unokufumana inzala yongqingiliyo. Usuvele uneminyaka engamashumi amabini unokunquma ngesondo lombala. Kwindoda ezayo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kunye neenkukhu - i-fawn.

Olu lwahlulo lwenza ukuba kubekho ukugcinwa komkhuhlane olungcono kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kokutya. Iintaka ezincinci zixhomekeke kakhulu, kwaye oku kunceda kakhulu ukucwangcisa nokuthengiswa okulandelayo.

Iimpawu zenyama yenkukhu yenkukhu

Phakathi kweentaka zeenkukhu, ezo ntaka zibhekwa ngokufanelekileyo, apho unokufumana inzuzo emibini. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-good laying-egg laying with fast set set of weight contributes to the fact that many people engaged in farming subsidiary khetha i-egg-egg hens. Ngeenyanga ezimbini, bahlala besondeza nge-1 kg. Ukongezelela, bahluke ngokungathobeki kwiimeko zokugcina nokutya. Nangona kunqweneleka ukuba ukutya kwabo kulinganayo.

Izinkukhu zezilwanyana zinyama zigcinwe kakhulu kwimfuyo kunye nekhono elihle kakhulu. Ngoku, malunga no-20 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zithandwa, phakathi kwazo ziyi-silver Adler, eMoscow, i-Poltava udongwe, i-Kuchin ijubhe. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kule nganye inkukhu, unokufumana amaqanda angama-150 ukuya kuma-200 ngonyaka.

Iinyoni zezilwanyana

Ukuba ufuna iinkuku ngobunzima obukhulu, kwaye ukubeka iqanda akubalulekanga kuwe, ngoko awukwazi ukufaneleka kwi-Adler. Kungcono ukuhlawula ingqalelo imveliso enkulu yenyama. Ezi zibandakanya iinkukhu ze-brahma, i-cochins, i-langshan. Abameli beentlobo zibizwa ngokuba yizilwanyana zenyama. Ilizwe labo iIndiya neChina.

Beyisiseko sokuzalisa ukudala iintlobo ezintsha. Ngokomzekelo, xa bewela, iJersey enkulu, i-Plymouth, iLangshan yohlobo lwesiNgesi nolwimi lwesiJamani laxoshwa, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Izityalo zohlobo lweCommish zixhaphake yonke indawo. Umxube walezi zimbini nge-plymutroki vunyelwe ukufumana iinkukhu ezinokukhula okuphezulu, iimpawu ezibonakalayo zenyama kunye neendleko zokutya eziphantsi.

Kwiiveki ezi-7-8 kuphela, iinkuku zifikelela ubunzima beekhilogram ezi-2. Oku kunjalo nangona i-kilogram yokukhula ayikho ngaphezu kwe-3 kg yokutya.