I-Panzer Division ye-SS "Viking": imbali, ukubunjwa, inkcazelo

Ukwandisa ukusebenza komkhosi kwimikhosi yaseSoviet-German, abaphathi be-fascist benza amaqela athile phakathi kwama- SS, okwakubaluleke kakhulu ukuphunyezwa kweempendulo.

Ukuqulunqwa nokuqamba kabusha ukwahlula

Enye yeengxowankulu kunye neenkohlakalo zeFuehrer ngexesha leMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic - i-5 ye-Panzer Division ye- SS "Viking". Ukwakhiwa kwesahlulo kwaqala ngoNovemba 20, 1940. Ekuqaleni, icandelo lezempi kunye nezobuchwepheshe lucwangciswa kwiqhekeza elinesibini. Icandelo le-5 lePanzer le-SS "Viking" lalibizwa ngokuthi "iJamani". NgoJanuwari 1941, le nqanawa yempi yafumana igama elimzukisa udumo. Kodwa ukwahlula kwakungekabikho itanki, kodwa kwabizwa ngokuba yi-volunteer motororized infantry division.

Ngomnyaka we-1941, ukubunjwa kweqela leetanki kwaqhubeka. Ngokomzekelo, ngo-Apreli kwisakhiwo seyunithi yenziwe i-regiments "Westland" kunye ne "Nordland". Omunye ukuqamba kabusha wenziwa ngoNovemba 9, 1942. Ngendlela, akulona igama elitshintshileyo, kodwa ingundoqo yecandelo. Waba yi-panzergrenadier.

Ukuqulunqwa kokugqibela kweNqununu ye-5 yePanzer ye-SS "Viking" (inkcazo engezantsi) yayingu-1943. Ngo-Oktobha 22 kulo nyaka, umyalelo kaHitler wabizwa ngokutsha kwegama leTanki.

I-5 yeVanking SS Panzer Division: Abalawuli

Qaphela ukuba bonke abalawuli be "Viking" babesoloko be-SS amadoda, abanikela ngokugqibeleleyo ubulumko bemicimbi yempi. Njengoko sele kuthethwe ngazo, kweli qhekeko kwakukho intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaKeksi kunye nomkhosi.

Ngoko, ukususela ngoDisemba 1, 1940 ukuya kuMeyi 1, 1943, ukwahlula kwalawulwa nguFelix Steiner. Ukususela ngoMeyi 1, 1943 kwada kwa-Agasti 6, 1944, umyalelo wawuphathiswa uHerbert Otto. Emva koko iinkokheli zetranki zatshintsha ngokuphindaphindiweyo. U-Oberfuhrer Daisenhoffer akazange abe negunya ngenyanga. I-Standartenfuhrer Molenkamp yalela ukuya ngo-Oktobha 9, 1944. Umphathi wokugqibela wecandelo elithi "Viking" nguCarl Ulrich. Washiya isithuba sakhe iintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi komhla wokunqoba-ngoMeyi 5, 1945.

Isakhiwo soluhlu (1941-1943)

Icandelo le-5 lePanzer ye-SS Viking yayinamandla kakhulu kwimigaqo yobugcisa kunye nenhlangano. Ukubunjwa kweyunithi yempi, kwakunye nenani lamajoni alitshintsha rhoqo. Makhe sijonge emfanekisweni ngonyaka. Ngomnyaka we-1941, ukwahlula kwakukho izigulane zentlanzi ezihamba ngeenjini ezintathu, ubudlelwane bokuzithandela baseFinnish, igosa leenqwelo zokulwa. Ukongezelela, kwakukho iyunithi ye-tank, inkonzo yengqondo, inkonzo yonxibelelwano kunye neyunithi yezoqoqosho.

Ngowe-1942, isahlulo sele sineeyunithi ezingaphezulu. Oku kubhekisela kwimimiselo emithathu ye-panzer-regenar (eqinisweni, efana no-1941), itanki, i-anti-tank, iivolontiya ("i-Nord-Ost") iirmimenti, iinqwelo zokulwa kunye neenqwelo zeenjini zokulwa, iinxalenye zokuzigcina kunye nezunithi zoqoqosho. Ukuhlalutya, unokuqonda ukuba "iViking" yaqina kakade kwixesha lokulwa.

NgoNovemba ka-1943, i-5 yePanzer Division ye-SS "Viking" yaba yinto ephezulu ngakumbi kwisakhiwo:

- 1 i-tank regiment, equka ii-battalions ezi-2;

- 2 ii-regiments ze-panzergrenadier;

- ukuhlaselwa, ukulwa neenqwelo-moya kunye neenqwelo zezixhobo;

Ibhetrions zokuhamba ngeemoto;

Iinqununu zamaVolontiya zama-Estoni namaFomns;

Ukuqinisekiswa okuzimeleyo, i-sapper, ukulungiswa kunye nokuqhagamshelana;

- gendarmes;

- Isibhedlele saseKhaya kunye neminye imikhosi yokuxhasa.

Xa kuthelekiswa no-1942, ukwahlukana kwaqina, ngokucacileyo, ngakumbi. Yisiphi isizathu salo, ukuba siyakuqwalasela zonke iingxaki ze-fascist army of that time? Ngenxa yokwanda kobudlobongela be-Red Army, iimpembelelo eziphumelelayo zamandla aseSoviet kwimimandla ehlala ngamaNazi, i-fascists yatshatyalalisa zonke iziseko ezisemhlabeni kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwabantu abemi. Iinqununu ze-SS zaziziingcali ezinkulu ekubhujisweni kwabantu.

Isakhiwo sebutho le-SS Viking ngo-1944-1945

Kodwa ngo-1944, xa imfazwe isele idlula ngokusuka kwimimandla yase-USSR kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, i-5th Panzer Division ye-SS Viking yancipha. Ukuphuhliswa kwesakhiwo seyunithi ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa okukude kwimfazwe yaba yinto engenamsebenzi, ngoko ngexesha lika-Agasti 1944, ukwahlukana kwahlala kunjalo:

- 1 i-tank regiment;

- 2 ii-regiments ze-panzergrenadier;

Ukuhlonishwa, izixhobo zokulwa, ukuhlaselwa, ukulwa neetanki kunye neenqwelo zokulwa;

- Lungisa ibhetta;

- Isibhedlele;

- gendarmes kunye nabaphathi bezempi ;

- iindawo zokubonelela kunye ne-battery.

Indlela yokulwa yecandelo

Ngexesha lemfazwe yonke, iinxalenye zeViking zalwa kumaqela ahlukeneyo ngaphambili. Umyalelo wathintela ulwahlulo libe yindawo ebalulekileyo yezobambiswano zomkhosi kunye nomkhosi we-USSR ngexesha elinye. Icandelo elithi "Viking" lithathe inxaxheba kwiMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic ukususela ngoJuni 29, 1941 ukuya kuMeyi 5, 1945. Idatha echanekileyo malunga nokulahlekelwa kwabasebenzi kwithuba lonke lemfazwe ayikho, okanye isagcinwa kwii-archives phantsi kweleyile "yimfihlo".

Lo mkhosi waqala indlela yawo yempi eNtshona Ukraine. Ukuqhubeka ukulwa kwinxalenye ephambili ye-Ukraine, iNorth Caucasus neDonbas. Wathatha inxaxheba kwintsebenzo kaHitler "iCitadel" (umgca weDnepropetrovsk-Kharkov) kunye nenkcaso yokuziphatha kakubi yiArmed Army yaseKorsun-Shevchenko.

Ukuqulunqa "iViking"

Ndingathanda ukugxila kwi-arsenal yobugcisa becandelo. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-arsenal yeerank regiments kwakukho ezininzi iipenki ze-PF Kpfw III. Umzekelo onjalo kunye nohlengahlengiso oluthile lwaveliswa ngowe-1938 ukuya ku-1943. Isisindo sokumelana sisuka kwi-21.8 ukuya kuma-23. Ubude beemodeli babuye buhluke: ukusuka ku-541 cm ukuya ku-641 cm. Ububanzi bubungakanani-2.95 amitha. Ukuphakama kwasuka kwi-2.44 ukuya kwi-2.5 metres.

Oomatshini PF Kpfw ІІІ izixhobo zomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo. Ngokomzekelo, ubukhulu be-frontal part - not less than 50-70 mm. Amacala kunye nebunzi, kunye nebunzi bentonga, baphoswa ngobunzima be-30 ukuya kuma-50 mm. Uphahla kunye nezantsi kwakunomzimba okwaneleyo-ukususela kwi-10 ukuya kuma-17 mm, okwenza ukuba kubekho ukukhwabanisa kweSoviet ukuze kuqhekeza ezi ntanki emoyeni. Kuzo zonke iinguqulelo, abaqulunqi bafake ikhonknon enye ngomlinganiselo we-50 mm kunye nemichilo emibini yomshishini kunye ne-7.92 mm. La matanki ayeselula. Ijubane eliqhelekileyo elikufutshane neli lizwe laliyi-18 km / h.

I-Psychology yamajoni ase-SS "iViking"

I-5 yePanzer Division ye-SS "Viking" yayisemqoka kwimpi ye-Wehrmacht. Inyaniso kukuba ininzi yemisebenzi yamasosha yenziwa kuphela kumaJamani. Apha, ngokuchasene noko, amaJamani ayengabikho. Kwinqanaba lamajoni ejoni evela kumazwe asele anqotywe yi-fascists evela kumazwe aseBaltic naseScandinavia. Iphulo elibalulekileyo kukuba akukho mntu owagxotha abantu kuloluhlu ngokunyanzela. Kwimikhosi yamatangi, abantu bangena kwinkonzo ngokuzithandela. Babengabagqwetha ezweni labo, abathengayo kwiingcaphephe ze-fascists. Kwakhona kwintlangano yokuzithandela yayingabantu abangazange bahambisane nomgaqo-nkqubo wezopolitiko okhoyo kwiindawo zabo, kunye nezigwenxa ezingafuni ukuphendula phambi komthetho. Kule ncwadi malunga necandelo linikezelwa iingxoxo zamajoni eziqonda ukuza kutshatyalaliswa kwimfazwe. Ininzi yabo igxininisa ukuba akukho mntu ulindele ekhaya. Ukunyanzeliswa nokungabikho kokholo kwixesha elizayo ngaphandle kokulawulwa kukaHitler phezu kwehlabathi lonke kwenza amaqhawe angamaViking abanobukroti abanikela ubomi babo ukuze banqobe iNazi.