I-samovydets ngumlobi wencwadi eyaziwayo ephuma kwikhulu le-17 leminyaka

Ixesha le-Cossacks lishiya uphawu olukhulu kwimbali yase-Ukraine ngokukodwa kwimbali yolawulo lwaseRashiya ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze izizukulwana ezalandelayo zibe neengcamango ezicacileyo zenkqubo yembali yeziganeko zeli xesha, abanye ababhali babumba iincwadi zeCossack.

Imikhosi yamaSamovid

Enye yemithombo ebalulekileyo yenkcazelo ngeAkraine ngekhulu le-17 ingacingwa njengomsebenzi obhalwe yiSamovidets. Lo ngumbhali ongaziwa owayehlala ngqo kwixesha elidlulileyo, elikulo mbuzo kumthombo.

Yintoni ebaluleke kangaka kule rekhodi? Okokuqala, iziganeko ezenzeka kwintsimi ye-Ukraine yamanje zibhalwa kwisiXhosa sase-Old Ulimi. Okwesibini, i-Samovid ngumlobi onjalo onokuyichaza ngokucacileyo iziganeko, kuba wayezibandakanya. Uhlobo oluphambili phakathi kwe "Imikhosi yeSamovid" kunye nemithombo yamandulo yaseRashiya ngaba i-historiographers ibona ipesenti ephakamileyo yokuthembeka kweembali. Ukuba sithetha, umzekelo, malunga ne "Tale ye-Bygone Years," ke ipesenteji yokucatshulwa kule ngxelo iza kuba phezulu, kuba umbhali wayo, uNestor, wayengenakubonayo iziganeko ezenzeka emva kweenkulungwane eziliqela ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe.

Ukuzaliseka kwembali yomsebenzi

Ingcamango ebalulekileyo, ehambisana nayo yiSamovid, umnqweno wokuhlanganiswa kwe-Ukraine kunye neRussia ngonaphakade. Kwimvelaphi, iziganeko ezenzeka phakathi kwe-1648 no-1702 zichazwe ngokubanzi. Umhla wokuqala awukhethwa ngethuba, kuba ngelo xesha i-National Liberation War ye-Ukrainian abantu ngokumelene ne-Commonwealth yaqala, eyaphela ngo-1654. Umbhali uchaza ngokucacileyo iimfazwe ezibalulekileyo kule mpi. Inendima ebalulekileyo inikelwa ekuchazeni imicimbi ye-1654, ingakumbi ezo ezenzeka ePeryaslav.

Kakade, umbhali uvakalisa uluvo lwakhe lokuthobela. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuqonda ukusuka kwisicatshulwa esithi uSamovid ungumxhasi omhle weqela lezopolitiko zeCoscack. Umbhali uchaza ixesha lokuhlukana kwe-internecine phakathi kwamaqela njengendlela yokulwa nombane kunye nempembelelo kwiimeko ezikhoyo kweli lizwe.

Umphambili womfanekiso ochazwe nguSamovid nguBogdan Khmelnitsky njengengcali ye-ideologist kunye nenkokheli yomzabalazo wabase-Ukraine, ngokukodwa i-Cossacks, ngokumelene namagunya asePoland.

Ngubani onokuba ngumlobi womthombo?

Kuze kube ngu-1840, phantse akukho mntu wayazi malunga ne-Chronicle ye-Samovid. Enye yezintlu zomsebenzi yafunyanwa ngumlobi odumile wase-Ukraine uPelenimon Kulish. Emva kokuhlalutya umboniso wezinto eziphathekayo, wafika kwisigqibo sokuba umbhali womsebenzi unokuthatha inxaxheba kuphela kwimicimbi. U-Kulish ukholelwa ukuba lo ngumphathi we-Cossack ongumRoma uRakushka-Romanovsky.