Iintlobo kwimbali yoluntu

Historical iintlobo zoluntu iimbalasane yokuhlalisana eluntwini lonke ezahlukahlukeneyo ezikhoyo ngoku okanye ngonaphakade. Ayavumelana ngenxa kweekhrayitheriya efanayo.

Umzekelo, ukuba ngumqondiso ophambili kubhaliwe kwathiwa, iintlobo imbali yoluntu zahlulwe zibe ezibhaliweyo dopismennnye. Befundisi zamagama babhale intetho yabo iincwadi, iikhompyutha okanye enye imidiya. Kodwa preliterate bakwazi ukuthetha irekhodi izandi - akukho. Ngapha koko, le mihla kukho izizwe emgceni..

Ngokutsho yokuhlela yesibini, iintlobo yembali uluntu neyenziwe amaqela alula nanzima. Lo mahluko isekelwe phezu iqondo yokuzahlula eluntwini kunye nenani kumanqanaba olawulo. Simple uluntu - ke izizwe kwakudala. Baye akukho ukwahlulwa ibe abangaphantsi izityebi namahlwempu, kunye nabaphathi. uluntu Complex benomlinganiselo eziliqela olawulo. Ingxenye Social abemi balo zicwangciswe kwehle yengeniso. U nga tshinela isifaniso athi ukuba uluntu preliterate kunye elula ungqamane, nezibhaliweyo - kunye ezintsonkothileyo.

Ulwahlulo wesithathu isekelwe phezu indlela wokuqesha indlela yokuphila. Ngokutsho kwakhe, iintlobo kwimbali yoluntu kufika iintlobo. Omdala kwaye lide (amakhulu amawaka eminyaka) - kwindibano nokuzingela. Babehlala protoobschestva ixesha okanye umhlambi yabantu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukufuna ibuye ibe iinkomo, nokuhlanganiselwa - in horticulture. Oku kwenzeka xa abantu baqaphela ukuba kutshiphu ukuba domesticate izilwanyana, kwaye kusoloko lokungababulali, sikwancedela ngakumbi ukuze kukhule izityalo, kungekhona nje ukuqokelela.

Kunye nale kutshintsho indlela yokuphila evela wayesihla enyuka, ezolimo kwakuvela kurhulumente. Kukho iindidi, izixeko, ukubhala - iimpawu ezingundoqo uluntu oluphucukileyo. Endaweni yimpucuko kwezolimo kwiminyaka engamakhulu amabini eyadlulayo, Ndafika mveliso. eziphambili iimpawu zayo - mveliso smokestack nobumelwane zasezidolophini. Ezinye iingcali bahlule bade uluntu post-mveliso, nto leyo endaweni kumazwe aphuhlileyo ngokwemveliso kwinkulungwane yama-20 emva kwexesha. Oku akusayi ilawulwa shishino kunye necandelo lwenkonzo kunye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Iimpawu zaso - iivenkile ezinkulu, imveliso ngekhompyutha, izitishi isithuba.

Ezi ntlobo oluntu yokuhlalisana kwi langoku ixesha Yindibanisela zokuhlelwa eyaziwa ngaphambili. Le umdali imodeli entsha zaqatshelwa umphengululi American Daniel Bell. Yahlulwe ngezigaba ezithathu imbali yale mihla: i pre-mveliso, ezoshishino postindustrial, wazifanisa ehambisana nazo iintlobo nembali yoluntu. Tshintsha enye kwezinye izigaba kubandakanya utshintsho kubuchwepheshe kunye neendlela zokuvelisa, ubunini, amaziko asekuhlaleni, imithetho kwezopolitiko, inkcubeko, indlela yokuphila, inani labemi, ubume eluntwini. Kuba yemveli (pre-mveliso) uluntu luphawulwa nolimo sisiqinisekiso kuphuhliso, yaye icawa kunye nomkhosi indima amaziko eziphambili. Kushishino mveliso alawule, ikhokelwa ngu-mveliso kunye neenkampani. Kuluntu post-industrial into ephambili yophuhliso - ulwazi yeengcingane, ezo buzinze yunivesithi. Kule triad wembali kukho iindlela ezininzi ezenziwa ngamanye kwezentlalo ezaziwayo-kakuhle.

Ngoko ke, i ngasentla kukhokelela kwizigqibo ezithile. Uphuhliso uluntu yahlulwe ngezigaba ezithathu, leyo kunxibelelana iintlobo ezintathu yoluntu: pre-mveliso, ezoshishino kunye nasemva-mveliso. Inguqu esukela kulimo oluqhelekileyo ukuya phambili ngokumana abangekaphuhli ekuthiwa revolution Neolithic. A baluyeke pre-mveliso ukuba uluntu mveliso - i-revolution yezoshishino.