Indlela ukutshintsha ukumelwa yeseli kwaye zenze imeko yangoku theory yeseli

Ukususela kokufunyanwa iseli phambi kwindawo yangoku theory yeseli, kwadlula phantse 400 iminyaka kokuba siye saqulunqwa. Ukuze iiseli ixesha lokuqala zihloliwe 1665 ukusuka eNgilani semvelo uRobert Guk. Ukuphawula iqhekeza oki isakhiwo obhityileyo cellular, wabanika igama kwiseli.

Xa khulu yakhe abangekaphuhli nangoku Hooke ayikwazanga ukubona zonke iimpawu, kodwa ukuphuculwa kwezixhobo enombala, ukuvela iindlela arhente amabala, iingcali ngakumbi antywiliselwa kwihlabathi kwezakhiwo ezifihlakeleyo cytological.

Njani inkolelo yeseli

A nal ukuvumbulula, nefuthe ikhondo ngakumbi uphando kwi imeko yangoku thiyori yeseli, enziwe kwi-30 lwekhulu XIX. Scot R. Brown, izityalo ukufunda iphepha usebenzisa ngemicroscope ukukhanya, eyafunyanwa plant cells itywina efanayo ajikelezayo leyo kamva ngokuba nuclei.

Ukususela ngoko kukho umqondiso ebalulekileyo sothelekiso kunye nezinye iiyunithi noshowo eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo eyaba sisiseko ngeziphumo ubunye imvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo. Akukho nto nkqu imeko yangoku thiyori yeseli iqulathe ikhonknco kwesi sigqibo.

Imvelaphi iiseli yenziwa ngo-1838 yi-yezityalo waseJamani Matthias Schleiden. Mass behlola nezityalo, waphawula ukuba yonke izityalo eziphilayo inyama umphakathi ubukho inyanzelekile.

nzulu lakhe compatriot Theodor Schwann wenza izigqibo efanayo malunga kwizihlunu isilwanyana. Emva kokufunda umsebenzi Schleiden kunye kuthelekiswa iiseli ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana, kuphothulwe ukuba nangona iyantlukwano, bonke ababelana yinto efanayo - umongo ahombise.

theory yeselula ye Schwann and Schleiden

Ngokudibanisa iinkcukacha malunga iseli T. Schwann kunye M. Schleiden phambili postulate iphambili yale theory cell. Kwakugcwele kule yokuba zonke izinto (izityalo nezilwanyana) zenziwe ziiseli ezifanayo kubume.

Ngowe-1858 kwenziwe Ukongeza enye ngaphezulu kwithiyori iseli. Rudolf Virhov wabonisa ukuba umzimba kwandisa ngenxa yokwanda ngokwahlula ngumzali original Inombolo yeselula. Oku kubonakala ilula, kodwa ixesha ukufunyanwa kwakhe phambili kwaye abachubekileyo.

Ngelo xesha, ukuba indawo yangoku Schwann iseli nethiyori zezifundo uqulunqe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Zonke nezihlunu izinto eziphilayo isakhiwo zeselula.
2. iiseli zezilwanyana nezityalo akhiwa indlela efanayo (division iseli) yaye isakhiwo efanayo.
3. Umzimba iqulathe amaqela iiseli, ngalunye lukwazi ubomi elizimeleyo.

Ukuba enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kwinkulungwane XIX, theory iseli wabeka isiseko ingcamango umanyano imvelaphi kunye nophuhliso eqhelekileyo yendaleko ngayo izinto eziphilayo.

Uphuhliso Olunye ulwazi cytological

Ukuphuculwa iindlela zophando kunye nezixhobo eye wavumela izazinzulu ukuzinzisa kakhulu ulwazi malunga nesakhiwo iseli umsebenzi:

• ukuzabalaza isakhiwo link kunye nomsebenzi organelles ngamnye kunye neeseli yonke (cytostructure ezikhethiweyo);
• Iseli nganye nganye kubonisa zonke iipropati lokuba eziphilayo (ezikhulayo, nokuzala, yokutshintshiselana mba amandla kokusingqongileyo, ezinokususwa omonakalo kangangoko wayethimb utshintsho et al.);
• organelles ayikwazi ngamnye ukubonisa iipropati efanayo;
• izilwanyana, nomngundo, izityalo zifumaneka kwi isakhiwo esifanayo kunye nemisebenzi organelles;
• Zonke iiseli zomzimba zihlobene yaye ukusebenza, ukwenza imisebenzi enzima.

Kunye izinto ezintsha, amagatya Schwann kunye Schleiden kaThixo theory ukucokisa eya kuthi yongezwe. lesayensi Modern isebenzisa postulates eliphezulu ithiyori engundoqo eziphilayo.

5 kwizikhundla theory cell lwangoku

Xa uncwadi kukho inani ezahlukeneyo iinkolelo kwethiyori iseli mihla, uguqulelo olugqityiweyo iqulethe izinto ezintlanu:

1. Iseli yeyona (eziziziqalelo) inkqubo incinane eliphilileyo, isakhiwo isiseko, ukuzala, uphuhliso kunye nomsebenzi eziphilayo. izakhiwo Non-cellular ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba abaphilayo.
2. Iiseli kuvela kuphela ngokwahlula zikhona.
3. Ukwakheka chemical kunye nolwakhiwo iiyunithi noshowo zonke izinto eziphilayo ezifanayo.
4. kokuphilayo Multicellular iphuhlise kwaye ezonto ngokucandeka enye / ezininzi iiseli yokuqala.
5. Isakhiwo efanayo cellular of eziphilayo bawumiyo umhlaba, icebisa umthombo oqhelekileyo imvelaphi.

indawo lokuqala ekhoyo e-worldwork theory iseli ezifanayo. Yobunzulu banzi postulates zibonisa imeko yangoku ulwazi kubume, ubomi impefumlelwano eziseleni.