Ingeniso ezilahlwayo - oku ... Le mali yengeniso elahlwayo. bahluphekayo ezilahlwayo

imali ezilahlwayo - kubonisa oluphawula ubudlelwane kunye nezinye Iimpawu zoqoqosho-GDP. Olu luhlu, ukongeza bahluphekayo, kodwa iquka: kwimveliso net zasekhaya kunye nengeniso yomntu. Njengoko ipesenti yengeniso ezilahlwayo lobuqu - yi 71,5 ekhulwini we-GDP (umzekelo, ngesalathisi eso iphawulwe eUnited States).

Ukubalwa kwemivuzo ekhoyo

Bala ingeniso kunokuba kakhulu elula. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka uyazi izikhombisi ezifana GDP, iintlawulo ukuphelwa lixabiso, isixa irhafu ngqo, amaziko inzuzo, umnatha net umdla tivi Iipesenti ze amakhaya kunye iirhafu ngamnye kunye neentlawulo.

Ngu operation elula zezibalo (ukudibanisa nokuthabatha) yi yengeniso elahlwayo. Oku angamelwa ifomula:

• PDI = GDP - AD - RH + A - PC - PP + DD + PD - IN - IBhunga lezoKhuseleko, apho
  
  AO - ukwehla;
  KH - iirhafu engangqalanga;
  D - ingeniso efunyenwe yi umahluko aljibra ingeniso eyenziwe phesheya ngabahlali kunye non-abahlali kweli lizwe;
  iinkampani yenzuzo - PC;
  PE - umdla ngomnatha;
  DD - izahlulo ezifunyenwe yi amakhaya;
  PD - amakhaya Percent wafumana;
  IN - iirhafu ngabanye;
  WO - imali.

isigama oluncediswayo

Ukuqwalasela i indicatives ezinxulumene isibonisi ingqalelo kuyimfuneko ukucacisa oku kulandelayo.

imveliso yasekhaya Net lufumaneka ngokuthabatha uphelelo GDP wamcacisela kweerhafu ngqo, thabatha wukulu ethile-mali. Eli nani likhulu kune ingeniso yesizwe elahlwayo.

ingeniso Personal ibandakanya eyona mali iyonke ingeniso yekhaya phambi kokuba irhafu ehlawulwa ngabo. Kulo mzekelo, ingeniso lobuqu ezilahlwayo - isixa ngayo ezifunyenwe emva ukuhlawula zonke iirhafu ngamnye. Ngoko ke, eli nani lokugqibela imele isabelo GDP, efunyenwe kwi imeko amakhaya ukulondoloza kunye nokusetyenziswa yangoku.

imali Gross ezilahlwayo

Oku kunamaxabiso entengiso kubonisa elingana inani elipheleleyo ingeniso epheleleyo kazwelonke kunye kongezwe Ukudluliswa eseleyo, apho asuka ezahlukeneyo ezingezo-umhlali okanye idluliselwe kubo ngohlobo iminikelo iminikelo kunye zokunceda. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba babize irekhodi onke amacandelo ezoqoqosho.

Isalathisi elandelayo - net ingeniso yesizwe ezilahlwayo - ngumahluko phakathi ireyithi elidlulileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa eyinkunzi ezinzileyo. Ngokubanzi, ifomula uba:

• CHRND = VRND - POK.

Le macro ubonisa ixabiso mali yengeniso ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngabahlali ngurhulumente kwi inkcitho ukusetyenziswa lobuqu okanye elinye ixesha ukuze yande.

iinkcitho yokusebenzisa Personal iquka zonke iindleko ezinxulumene nokufunyanwa kweempahla kunye neenkonzo ezizezi namakhaya, kwakunye neendleko kwemibutho eyahlukeneyo karhulumente kunye namaziko non-ngeniso yoluntu, athi abenoxanduva lokulungisa indlu.

ukwabiwa Secondary yengeniso

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, zonke macro Ukwalamana olusondeleyo nabanye kwaye kwasekwa ngokulandelelana.

Ngenxa yoko, nokunikezelwa zonke iindidi ingeniso ugqibezela ukuyilwa kwengeniso ezilahlwayo, zilungiswe ngokwemeko kuqoqosho. Yohluka ukusuka elilinganayo ukuba ukhutshelo Isalathisi zentlalo ezimbi uhlobo. Xa isakhiwo yokugqibela iqulethe ezi zinto zilandelayo: entlalweni, ochazwa hlobo (umzekelo, iindleko mali zokhathalelo lwempilo nokhuseleko loluntu); Ukuveliswa amaqumrhu karhulumente non-ezorhwebo kunye nemibutho engenzi nzuzo ukuba kukhonza amakhaya; izinto ezithengwe ngqo ukusuka kubenzi ukuze kubonelelwe ngayo kumakhaya simahla okanye ngexabiso ngokusesikweni.

Comparison Macro

Ngokubanzi, ubukhulu ingeniso ongasetynziswayo kunye wayitshintsha elinganayo nexesha elifanayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza lwenziwa yi amacandelo ezoqoqosho karhulumente. Ngelo xesha udluliselo yezentlalo uhlobo kufuneka kuchaphazela amashishini zemali kunye nezo zingafuni mali.

Olu hlengahlengiso oluqhutywa ngokomxholo kumacandelo ezintathu ezinkulu zoqoqosho: imizi, imibutho yolawulo loluntu kunye nemibutho engenzi nzuzo ukuba banoxanduva umsebenzi wasendlini.

Ngokumalunga kumacandelo imibutho yolawulo non-ngeniso yoluntu okhankanywe ngentla, imali yengeniso ezilahlwayo ilingana umahluko phakathi kwexabiso ahambelana kwicandelo ngalinye kwaye isixa transfers lwezentlalo uhlobo.

ingeniso olungisiweyo kwicandelo yasekhaya kumiselwa ngokudibanisa nemali isalathisi sele ifunyenwe kwi yokugqibela amacandelo transfers ezimbini.

rates zokuqhagamshelwa

Ezi macro kweli nqaku kukho isakhiwo kwenkqubo akhawunti yesizwe. Ukusebenzisa kwabo uyakwazi ukuphumeza ezi njongo zilandelayo:

• generalizing ukubala Iimpawu manani okuluphawu ukusebenza yoqoqosho;
• ku dyondza Dynamics Iimpawu zoqoqosho;
• ukuhlalutya enkulu ezahlukeneyo koqoqosho olukhulu.

Isiseko zomzekelo iinkqubo zoqoqosho ulwalamano yengeniso yesizwe ezilahlwayo kwezinye izalathi yemeko yoqoqosho. Ngaloo ndlela kwakhiwa zingasetyenziswa zokuzigwebela izigqibo zemali kunye nolawulo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kuqoqosho (ngemithamo, esezansi kunye olukhulu).

Ixabiso yimali ekhoyo

Eshwankathela okufundiswa kweli nqaku, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ingeniso ezilahlwayo wesizwe - ngumthombo enokusetyenziswa ukutyiwa lobuqu kumakhaya kwakunye arhente zikarhulumente.