Isilungiso: kukuba yintoni na? ukulungiswa Psychological kunye zokufundisa

Kuba eminyaka bekukholeleka ukuba ukufunda - yinkqubo elawulwa kancinane okanye olungalawulwayo. Iindlela ngeendlela zokufundisa kunye izikolo zakhiwa kumgaqo leminqathe kunye iinkuni, namhlanje asamkelekanga, ngokuba ingqalelo lixesha kwaye azibi. Kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi ukumlungisa pedagogy mihla - oku phantse kuphela kwendlela kufikelelwe kwisiphumo ezinqwenelekayo.

Ngezengqondo Pedagogy eRashiya

Ngokuphathelele iinkonzo zesayikholoji market Koloni kunokuthiwa emgangathweni kwemvume imisebenzi ngengqondo izinto ngolungelelwano. Kwi-US, ukulungiswa ngokwasengqondweni - oku kakhulu isakhiwo eziphuhlisiweyo apho psychoanalysts kunye zeGestalt iisayikholojisti coachers bayazi imisebenzi yabo kunye namalungelo kunye noxanduva abathengi. ERashiya, ngengqondo uthathwa i "umhlobo ilixa", nto leyo mhlawumbi ukunceda, okanye mhlawumbi hayi ...

"Abadala" psychology: thina ephosakeleyo xa ukhetha kwengqondo?

Ngaba kwahlulwa iisayikholojisti ezininzi profiles. Noko ke, kweli nqaku ukuba imbono kakuhle izinto kungcono ukuthatha kucalulo elula uqhubeke ngenxa yokuba kukho iingcali "adult" yaye "nomntwana." Balani ibe ngamaqela amabini, kulula ukuthetha malunga nokusebenza kunye iindidi ezimbini zabantu. Ngoko, ngokufanelekileyo, elizimeleyo uxanduva ngezenzo zabo (abantu abadala) and non-oluzenzekelayo (abantwana) ngamnye. Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na ukwenza wengqondo oku okanye didi nabathengi, kwaye loo nto kufuneka ukuba siqwalasele zingunobangela oqhelekileyo unyango.

Uninzi ubomi kukhokelela imeko xa umntu uqala ukukholelwa ukuba yena kunye neengxaki zabo musani ukuphatha nto, nokuba uxinezeleko, uthando ezingabuyekezekiyo okanye iingxaki zemali. Yiloo nto abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba uqeqesho ngokwasengqondweni - luhlobo unyango lokungaphumeleli. Abadala abafuna uncedo kwengqondo, silindele ukuba, ukuba bathi, i "isikhokelo" kucace ukuba ubonisa ukuba kungenziwa njani na impumelelo ebomini. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ubudlelane imarike predetermines ukungaphumeleli amaphulo kule hlobo art. Isibakala sokuba siye sakuqhela imeko, nto leyo kubalulwa ibinzana elithi 'ukuba ahlawule imali - ufumana impahla'. Le mveliso, kulo mzekelo - intsalela nasengqondweni, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba xi isiqabu, yokusombulula naziphi na iingxaki. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba le nto iyeza ekunene, "imveliso komphefumlo", nto leyo yaye kufuneka ubone yincutshe. Xa abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba yindlela ukufezekisa iinjongo zabo, ngoko ke tye!

Ukulungiswa - nto ... imveliso?

"Xa umzimba usempilweni - nengqondo esempilweni" Iimbaleki isaci iisayikholojisti ukutolika oku: "Ngaba nengqondo esempilweni - umzimba uya kuphila." Kodwa physiologists bonke baya kunikwa jikelele: ". Yonke into ezihambelanayo" Kwaye, ngokumangalisayo, akukho abangemalungisa phakathi kwezi abaziingcali iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yomsebenzi. Ke ukuba bathi bonke oko elula neqondakalayo, kutheni namhlanje abantu abaninzi kangaka aba bangonwabi - yaye isizathu - nani wakhe? Okanye ukuba ingxaki psychological?

Impendulo ilula: ukuthenga ezi zinto zimbini ilula kakhulu. Umzekelo, weza ejimini, inkoliso ukuba inkqubela ngokukhawuleza yaye akazange afumane nto, uye ekhaya. Le meko efanayo kunye lentengiso iinkonzo zesayikholoji ukuba silindele lukhulu ngengqondo yakhe, lo gama ndizilibala ukubala phezu ngokwakho ukuba boyise ubuvila, intlungu inyaniso kunye ikratshi. Ngoko ke afune ukulungiswa, kwakunye nokulungiswa yophuhliso - inkqubo mbini. Apha kufuneka imbuyekezo esusela kokubini lobungcali kwicala lomxhasi.

Kwaye lusoloko ntoni xa ngengqondo ubeka loo mntu phambi into, oko kuya kufuneka ukuba ukusombulula iingxaki ngokwakho, abaninzi bagqibe kakuhle umsebenzi. Kodwa enyanisweni icace phandle ukuba akanalo ilungelo lokuba ukuphazamisa kubomi bethu, yaye luxanduva ekubukeni ukuba isisombululo kule ngxaki.

Ukuba umxhasi ayikho uxanduva

It lahlukile ukusuka iisayikholojisti esebenza pre-school kunye nobhaliso esikolweni. ukulungiswa zokufundisa - uhlobo lwe inkqubo yentsebenziswano, apho kukho abasebabini (abadala-wengqondo), kodwa inqanaba ezintathu-(ngengqondo komzali nomntwana). uqeqesho zolungiso kuthathwa ukuba indlela okuqhubekekayo inkqubo yomntwana wabagagamela izinto ezintsha. Le nqubo na uqeqesho isixhobo kuphela, njengoko kunjalo na izifundo izifundo, yaye ukuhlaziya yakhe, kuthathelwe ingqalelo iimpawu kunye nobuchule nasengqondweni umntwana. Kwaye ngoko ukuba ugcina ngendlela elula ukuba umfundi. Ngaphezu koko, le wenguqulo iza kusebenza iinzululwazi zendalo / oluntu, kunye ulwazi ezidluliselwa ngemfundo ngokubanzi.

Ukhuphiswano phakathi kwabantwana

Imfuneko ngeenkonzo zemfundo kungenxa yezinto ezininzi. Ke omkhulu phakathi kwabo - ukunceda umntwana kunifumana okanye zikufumane nontanga kuphuhliso. Njengokuba kakhulu njengoko linokuvakala nzima, ukhuphiswano abantwana lwenzeka ngendlela ngqongqo ngakumbi kubantu abadala. Ke ukuba umntu omdala, lasilela Ungasebenzisa eziphuhlileyo kule minyaka iindlela zokhuselo, usana, ngenxa yokungabikho kwezi ndlela, ukuba usele yedwa kunye neengxaki zabo. oku kudla ngokukhokelela neziphumo ezibi: umntu uvaliwe phantsi uxinezeleko, xa sithe sabakho ukudakumba, nto leyo enokuchaphazela impilo kwixesha elizayo. Kodwa eyona nto inzima kukuba ezi meko unokufumana wazazi uhlale naye ubomi. Bonke oosonzululwazi zengqondo bavumelane yokuba njengotshintsho umntwana kuba ngcono okanye mandundu kulula kakhulu kunokuba umntu omdala. Ukulungiswa - inkqubo entsonkothileyo, yaye kwimeko umntwana nayo ifuna obambeleyo indlela paternalnogo kwakhiwa.

Indlela "ukukhuthaza" umntwana phambili?

Umsebenzi abazali nootitshala kwindawo yokuqala kukuchonga iimeko kaxaka ke lo mntwana. Kusenokubakho okuninzi, yaye ngokuxhomekeke kule mali inkqubo uzimisele ngakumbi okulungisa. Akuyomfuneko ukuba azahlulele umntwana wakhe bamvavanyayo, angeke. Iiklasi kunye woomasifundisane kakuhle bakhonza ngendlela ukudlala elula umntwana njengoko uhambo rhoqo esikolweni akakunyamekela oko. Ngokomzekelo, isifundo eqhelekileyo, njengoko ukulungiswa intetho. Kusenokuba kwesifundo ekruqulayo fun iziqalelo zobugcisa zokuhombisa. Le yenye yeendlela yonyango zobugcisa owakhiwa kwinkcazo kunye umzekeliso imifanekiso zilandelayo okanye iinkcukacha yepateni ogqityiweyo. Ngokusekelwe weva ingcali intetho "nzima 'ukuba izandi umntwana wenza i inkqubo umzobo kunye pronunciation, kulandele ukulungisa iziphumo.

iingxaki rhoqo kubantwana, okanye ehleli edesikeni umntwana wakho?

Study kweendidi ngeendidi katitshala kunye nobudlelwane yomntwana ukwenza impumelelo kwinkqubo zokufundisa. Ngoku kukholelwa ukuba kukufakwa ezibonakalayo kuphela kuchaphazela ukukwazi yomfundi, kodwa ke amava katitshala. Ngoku ootitshala esweni akakwazi ukuzithethelela ukusilela inqanaba esezantsi yengqondo lomfundi, ubuntu bakhe kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle.

Ngokomzekelo, abantwana bafuna ukulungiswa mbono. Lo mzekelo kakhulu ubudala kwaye lusaqhubeka "imfazwe" phakathi kootitshala kunye nabazali. Kwaye luqala okomzuzwana ngokwanelisayo kwezinye: osusi- lokuqala abantwana eklasini. bayamenywa Abantwana ukuba ahlale kwidesika kuyo nayiphi na indawo ekulungeleyo. Kubonakala, ungakhathazeki ... Noko ke, kamva ke Kubonakala ukuba abanye abafundi ehleli kude ukusuka ebhodini, ziye kakuhle izinto ngakumbi, kuba abakwazi ukubona. Ingxaki isenokuba wokubulala 'ukuma' ukuba utitshala wakhangela phambili ukuya ikhadi impilo kwiiwadi zabo kunye nabantwana abahleli, banikwe ndikho kombono yabo. Kodwa ke de kwafika ukuba inkqubela kwizikolo zabucala ezimbalwa kuphela eliseleyo ityala, njengesiqhelo, wabeka "uthathe indawo yawo."

Oko sityhalwa phambili

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba iimfuno umntwana akayi kuba lula kwixesha elizayo. Phambi kwabantwana - elizayo abadala - wabeka imisebenzi ngakumbi ezintsonkothileyo ezinxulumene inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa. Ezo zikolo kubonelela ngoqeqesho iinkqubo ubudala, kuya kuba aphume ukhuphiswano ngenxa irrelevance ulwazi ezosulela abantwana. Bona wayisithelisa ikomiti Russian isatifikethi, kangangokuba bonke bafuna ukuya zomgangatho ofana ncam. Ngokufuthi kukho kumanyundululu ezinxulumene uxinzelelo usana: zithabatheleni, umzekelo, imfundo emzimbeni kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, nto leyo ibandakanya isethi kweeklasi 'umzimba ekubumbeni ". Esi ezikumgangatho oqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, Noko ke, asinguye wonke umntu unako ukuyifunda ngenxa yezizathu ezikhathazayo. ku xi utitshala evela kwabasemagunyeni zesikolo kunye nabazali ngokulungisa aggravates le meko, kunye nongeniselo kulo mzekelo - ukwala ngokupheleleyo umntwana kwezemidlalo kunye nemisebenzi yolonwabo (exemption).

Noko ke, abantwana mntu unelungelo kuwagxotha-sikhokelo enjalo. Wonke umntwana ufana yedwa kwaye kuyaphela ngokwamandla akhe kwinkalo ethile lomsebenzi okanye inzululwazi. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Pushkin kunye Einstein ngexesha lakhe wamkela bamaZwe umdla kangako kwizifundo zabo. Kodwa ngenxa nje ukuba, bafika eziphakamileyo kakhulu, yaye amagama babo igama indlu. Kwaye ngoku iisayikholojisti abaninzi kunye nootitshala abasebenza ngendlela lokuphinda ezi meko kunye nokusebenza indlela umntwana yendalo kwindawo ethile lobungcali.

Kushishino olupheleleyo lweenkonzo zemfundo

Okwangoku ngokuya amaziko ethandwa, ephambili umba yona ukulungisa lwentlalo. Le ndlela iseti psihokorrektiruyuschih ukunceda umsebenzi yokufunda besikolo kunye eyodwa. Le indlela yinxalenye ngamnye kuthi, kuthwelwe izinto zazivelela. Ukuba ookhokho bethu bengazange bakwazi ukufunda, ukuba babebazi, ngebengayibethelelanga abasalayo endle. Ngoko ke, i utitshala ongenamava, lowo ubanga ukuba umntwana abaneziphene ukufunda Mathews nje ukungangqinelani. Ewe, abaninzi yoonyana kokuya esikolweni nokuba ubudala isikolo abantwana badla kufuneka amaziko emfundo ezizodwa. Ke ukuba bathi umntwana akwazi ukufunda nantoni - yinto uhlobo lolwaphulo-mthetho.

Isikolo kufuneka uye phambili

Kule nkqubo ochazwe ngaphambili of "umzali nomntwana-kwengqondo" kwemiqathango ongeze ikhonkco elilodwa: School. ukulungiswa Psychological kunye zokufundisa - inkqubo apho kwixesha elizayo kufuneka ibandakanye ootitshala, naye umfundi lisebenzisana. Thathela ingqalelo iimpawu ngamnye umfundi kunye noqeqesha umbandela ngokungqinelana nabo - undoqo kwimpumelelo ekubunjweni lomntu ngempumelelo. Ngomhla uMhlaba ayikho akakwazi abantwana! Kukho abantwana kuphela baneziphiwo abangakhange ukuvulwa ngenxa yokuba baye bafunda ukuba indlela yokuyenza. kwiinkulungwane ezimbini ezidluleyo, ubuntu kwabonakala izinto fantastic ezifana moya okanye ukutshintshwa isandi ngokusebenzisa ngcingo ... Ngubani na owaziyo ukuba eziphakamileyo thina sifikelele kwixesha elizayo? ..

Ukulungiswa - indlela eya empumelelweni!

Ukuhamba kolwazi mfundi nanjengendawo ephuma entsha, bayagqobhoza ukwakheka enamatye. Kufuneka ubonise "yasentwasahlobo" entsha kwindlela eya kulwazi lomlambo, ukuba bafundise ukuba enze indlela yayo: ukucola inzululwazi igranite siphephe imiqobo eziye indlela yokufunda!