Isincoko imisebenzi Pushkin. Eyinhloko bobuchule

Elizayo enkulu engasoze AS Pushkin wazalwa ngo Juni 6, 1799. It wenza nje into isiganeko esibalulekileyo, nto leyo kwixesha elizayo uya ukushicilela kwi lonke uncwadi Russian. Ukuqalisa ukubhala isincoko imisebenzi Pushkin, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba imbongi elizayo weza evela umkhaya ompofu ezindilekileyo, ogama iingcambu asusela ebukumkanini Ioanna Groznogo noPetros I. ukhokho wakhe waba Arap Petra I, Abram Petrovich ithawula.

Isincoko imisebenzi Pushkin

Pushkin wazalwa xesha ekuthiwa-Francophile xa lonke uluntu yeengcungcu uthetha French, nabantwana wazama ukuqesha tutors isiFrentshi. Alexander Pushkin wakhulela kwezi ngembeko, kwaye ngoko ke ukuyilwa waseFrance ababandakanyekayo. Noko ke, eyona ibaluleke ngakumbi ootitshala bakhe baba uninakhulu MA Ithawula ne nanny yazo Arina. Kweli xesha ukusuka kwiminyaka 1805 ukuya 1810, Pushkin wachitha zonke ihlobo nabo eMoscow kwilali Zakharov.

ebuntwaneni

Inkwenkwe wakhula unesiphiwo kakhulu. Kungekudala Waqalisa ukufunda, yaye wayenomdla iincwadi kunye bulumko eneminyaka engama-9 ubudala ukufunda yonke ithala kayise. umalume wakhe, imbongi edumileyo Pushkin, safika eSt Petersburg, wabona amakhono umtshana wakhe, yaye nge AI Turgenev wenza inkwenkwe Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Ngowe-1811 Pushkin waqalisa ukufunda apho, yaye walawula iminyaka 6 liseke indlela ekhethekileyo zemibongo. Kuba imbongi oneminyaka eli-16 ubudala imangaliseke ngokwakhe "umntu omdala" Derzhavin. Pushkin ifakiwe kwisangqa boncwadi "Arzamas".

ubomi Kamva kunye nomsebenzi Pushkin

Emva kokugqiba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, ngowe-1817 imbongi wathumela ukuba asebenze kwi-College of Foreign Affairs. Kodwa ke inkonzo kuba nomdla kancinane, yena inxaxheba kubomi wengqesho eSt Petersburg, libutho ngoncwadi kumabala emidlalo ebizwa ngokuba "Green Ukukhanya". Izihloko ze Pushkin ngeli xesha zahlukene, iquka eninzi izibongo inkululeko-bothando kunye epigrams ezibukhali. I inkulu imisebenzi yakhe yaba umbongo "Ruslan kunye Lyudmila" (1820).

Amagunya ke sishiye konke oku ngaphandle ingqalelo kunye Pushkin bathunyelwa ukusuka kwikomkhulu, eCaucasus. Emva koko waya Kishinev, Odessa, idibane nabahlobo bayo (Decembrists elizayo). Ngexesha le minyaka wabhala imisebenzi "mbanjwa eCaucasus (1821)," The Fountain ye Bakhchisarai "(1823)," I Song of Ulumkile Oleg "yaye" umbanjwa ", yaye koko ukubhala" Eugene Onegin "inoveli enkondlo.

Isincoko imisebenzi Pushkin akanakukwazi ukubaginya bonke ngobomi izityebi lokudala yale misebenzi enkulu, kodwa iziganeko ezibalulekileyo nangoku ekubalulekileyo ukuzikhankanya.

Emva South unxulumanisa uthunyelwa ekuthinjweni kwilifa usapho Mikhailovskoye (mhlawumbi ngenxa axabene Count uMikhail Vorontsov). UYise imbongi wayalelwa ukuba ukuthatha unonophelo unyana wabo, kodwa emva koko kulandelwa kunye ingxabano noyise. Ngeli xesha, Pushkin abhale kwaye kudala umbongo "Gypsies", lo mbongo "elwandle" uqhubeka "evgeniya Onegina" kwaye iqala nentlekele "Boris Godunov".

Imvukelo Decembrists nokuhlangana kuNatalie

Isincoko imisebenzi Pushkin kufuneka luqulathe kunye nenyaniso yokuba ngoDisemba, kwakukho wombhodamo le Decembrists. Pushkin bamangaliswa ukuba abahlobo bakhe abaninzi babulawa okanye elubhacweni eSiberia. Tsar Nicholas I emva kokuba incoko lobuqu imbongi Pushkin ivumela yaya kuphambukela apho ufuna, kodwa ngoku ukumkani ngokwakhe waba ifihla wakhe.

Ngowe-1928 yena wamthanda Pushkin kunye Natalie Goncharova waqalisa ukufuna ngesandla sakhe. Ngowe-1830, elo ukufumana imvume yakhe, kodwa ukuwa probate waya Boldin kwaye iqhubeka apho iinyanga ezintathu ngenxa yedwa malunga ikholera. Ngeli xesha wabhala iintsomi kunye nemisebenzi "Belkin", "Iidemon", "Little Ziintlekele", njl

isiphelo buhlungu

Pushkin usapho babehlala kunokuba kakuhle. Ke wayenabantwana abane, yaye ngoko ke kwakufuneka ndondle umfazi kunye noodadewabo. Amatyala efunde ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, Pushkin wanyanzeleka ukuba abeke izacholo kunye nendlu, wenziwa uncedo yaye ngaloo ndlela ibotshelelwe kuye imisebenzi lentendelezo.

Ngowe-1835 lokubandakanyeka lowu kupapasho "Contemporary", ufuna ukuhlala kweli lizwe, kodwa ngumfazi wayo uyala kuyo.

Ngaphambi nje kokuba Pushkin weva amarhe malunga amalungelo ku uNatalie Georges d'Anthes, yaye ke ngoko, ukuba akhusele isidima yomfazi wayo, kwafuneka ukuba ameme Kungquzulwano. Le shot yokuqala Pushkin waye ngoncwino longxwelerhiweyo. Yafa yakhe yokuhlala St. Petersburg Februwari 10, 1837. Waza wangcwatywa Svyatogorsk Monastery (km-5 ukusuka kwidolophana St. Michael kummandla Pskov). Ngoko fast and aphakame kakhulu waphela ubomi kunye nomsebenzi Pushkin.