Latin for Beginners: oonobumba, ngokutsha igrama kunye neengcebiswano ezinokusetyenziswa ukuze yokusebenza

Ulwimi Latin, nangona ingqalelo ufile, wafunda kwaye uyasetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezininzi zezinto ezenziwa luluntu: umthetho, amayeza, yezemithi, ibhayoloji. Isixa kolwazi olufunekayo ukuze umntu ixhomekeke isicelo kunye njongo, kodwa kunjalo kuyimfuneko ukuba bazazi iziseko. Kule phepha siqwalasela umbuzo oko kukhangeleka ngathi le khosi "Latin for Beginners". Alphabet, ngokutsha igrama kunye neengcebiso mkhuba - oko ubuncinane kuyimfuneko ukunceda kwi self-isifundo.

Alfabhethi nefonetiki

Ukusuka apho ukuqala ukufunda ulwimi Latin? Kuba wabaqalayo, kubalulekile, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ulwazi lwe-alfabhethi. Oku kuquka iincwadi 24. Ngokusekelwe izifundo amagama esibumbeneyo kwaye yilo yokubiza elisondeleyo ngamaRoma amandulo. Apha ngezantsi kukho ukukhuphela Russian.

Kukho ezinye iimpawu ngokufunda kwabo.

Izikhamiso i ufundwa njengoko [u] kunye [d] phambi izikhamiso, h - aspirated, l - ethambileyo isiFrentshi, y kuvakala ngathi [kunye]. Ileta c ifundwa njengoko [n] e, i, y, ae, izikhamiso okanye [ku] kwi, o, u nasekugqibeleni kwamagama. [S] S izandi phakathi izikhamiso, x - ngu [kc].

Izandi ezibini sifunda ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. ae - [e]
2. OE - [o]
3. au - [ay]
4. EU - [eu]
5. ch - [X]
6. ngu - [ngv]
7. ph - [f]
8. qu - [q]
9. H. - [P]
10. th - [t]
11. ti - [ti]

uphawu

Ukuze ufunde igama, kufuneka ubeke kakuhle indlela yokubiza amagama, leyo ixhomekeke indawo lwezikhamiso kunye amagama. Zezikhamiso izandi, yena, yahlulwe yaba:

• elifutshane (libizwa ngokukhawuleza) - a, e, i, o, u, Y;
• elide (Wasolula kwi yokubiza) - a, e, i, o, u, ȳ.

Amalungu:

• evulekileyo - ngonaphakade noonone;
• closed - ekupheleni kwi ngeqabane.

Kugxininiswa yegama lokuqala, ukuba ilizwi disyllabic (kwi lwegama lokugqibela ayizange kuze). Ukuba igama ubunjwe samalunga ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu, uxinezeleko phezu lwegama yesibini ukusuka ekupheleni, ukuba elide, kwaye eyesithathu, ukuba lifutshane.

igrama

Ikhosi "Latin for Beginners" ibandakanya kwiziseko negrama. E Latin, kuzo zonke izigaba zentetho yahlulwe modifiable (noun, isiphawulo, isenzi, inombolo yesi, isimelabizo) lecebo (yamasuntswana, izalathandawo, izihlanganisi, kanjena).

Igrama self-isifundo kufuneka kujongwane nazo izixhobo, nto leyo eye iimpendulo imithambo for self-uviwo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukwenza inani elikhulu beemvavanyo zepraktikhali eziya zokusebenzisa izakhono asebenzise izakhiwo zegrama, yaye ngenxa yoko, impahla zigqunyiwe kukhunjulwa ixesha elide.

umkhuba

Xa isifundo we-alfabhethi aze igrama ngokuthe akhe isigama zezenzi, apho kamva kufuneka sivulwe xa kufundwa iitekisi. Kweli nqanaba, apho kuya kubakho amagama amatsha ukuba kuguqulwe apho kuya kufuneka Collegiate Dictionary, umzekelo, ezinkulu Latin-Russian. Ukuba uyazi IsiNgesi, unako prioresti Buthathaka Latin Dictionary kunye Oxford Latin Dictuonary. Kuyimfuneko ukuba lwamagama, kwaye ixesha phinda amazwi aphume kuye.

Ukufunda - Inqanaba lokugqibela lwekhosi "Latin for Beginners". Kweli nqanaba, kucetyiswa ukuba ukufunda iitekisi ezifana:

1. Fabulae Facilies.
2. L atin Reader.
3. De Viris Illustribus.
4. I yesiLatini Bible.

Ngokuthe ngcembe imfuneko nzima umsebenzi kwaye ukuhambisa ukusuka ukufunda elula ukuqonda ngaphandle isichazi-magama. Ukulungiselela le njongo, izifundo ezifanelekileyo "Assimil", Schola Latina Universalis kunye neeforam kumfundi Latin, apho baziqhelise nokuthetha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso xa kukho into ayikho ngokucacileyo.