Lithambo Ethmoid intamo. Ngababini kwaye unpaired namathambo yokakayi

Ngababini kwaye unpaired amathambo cranial zenza amathambo entloko. Ezinye iziqalelo babe imfunxa-ezifana isakhiwo, ezinye - mixed kwaye iflethi. Okulandelayo, cinga yintoni eyenza i ukakayi. bone igama, indawo yabo uchazwa kweli nqaku.

Overview

Yaba lukakayi yabelwa amaqela amabini. Ziyashiyana kwimisebenzi yabo kunye nophuhliso. Amathambo ukhakhayi umntwana abe neempawu zabo. isebe Ubuchopho yakha umngxuma ingqondo kunye eziliqela izivamvo. Iqulathe amathambo kwigumbi cranial ubuvuvu. KwiCandelo (personal) kwesibini phantse zonke izivamvo. Apha kakhulu kukho inxalenye yokuqala yokucola ukutya nokulwa zemiphunga.

isebe ubuchopho

Kuye amathambo ezisibhozo. Ababini kubo - nesithandwa sakhe. Oku zexeshana kunye Parietal amacandelo. Amathambo eseleyo - achazayo. isebe Ubuchopho ezinye izinto awohluke. ithambo Calvarial lizisa amacwecwe nomphandle wocango wenkqu compact kwaye zibekwe phakathi isakhiwo nomsi-. Le yokugqibela ubizwa ngokuba "diploe". Le into okugcwele imijelo, apho kukho mithambo diploic.

Incence engaphandle uba kumphezulu egudileyo. It igutyungelwe periosteum. Osesikhundleni yangaphakathi plate icandelo iqulethe laseDura. It ibhityile, kubandakanya inani elikhulu iikhompawundi organic kunye maloorganicheskih. Ngoko ke, lo sakhi brittleness ezahlukeneyo ubu. Xa cranial ukuhlukumezeka ngokwaphulwa yayo yenzeka kaninzi ngaphezu umonakalo kwipleyiti engaphandle.

Le periosteum yi Fusion oluluqilima amathambo kwiindawo amalungu. Kwezisaleleyo ubude bayo ukuxhumeka okubi ngokwaneleyo. Periosteum sinqande isithuba zeselula ngaphakathi kwimida ithambo elinye. Eli candelo mhlawumbi ukuyilwa hematomas kunye amathumba.

Umphezulu engaphakathi isebe yobuchopho

Kuyo, kukho misinga kunye ukuphakama. Ziyangqinelana sulci kunye gyri ebuchotsheni. Kwakhona amacebo ukwahlula sinus kunye tsha iqokobhe nzima. Kwezinye iindawo, yaba lukakayi kukho imingxunya. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuba emissarnyh imithambo ukuqhagamshela izitya lwemithambo sinuses iqokobhe, ingaphakathi diploic. Ekungeneni inkulu zithathwa mastoid kunye Parietal. Izigaba ezithile, ezifana ithambo ngokungqalileyo intamo ziqulathe ukuqanda. Bona wayaleka isifo kwaye azele nomoya. Isakhiwo efanayo uphawu emkhusaneni, ithambo zexeshana kunye sphenoid, kunye emhlathini eliphezulu. Ezi zinto kuthiwa Ukusebenzisa umoya.

bone skull Frontal

Ibandakanya ekwenzeni kophahla iindawo isiseko lweHo- ngeempumlo kunye neziseko amehlo. Xa abadala, oko ulithambo unpaired intamo. Esikalini lubalulekileyo yesaphetha. Kwakhona, le nto ndiyibhalayo zesebe Orbital. Yokuxazulula kwi kwezona ziseza ntsi iindawo amathambo inkqubo langoku eyongezelelweyo zygomatic. Phezulu ngalinye kuwo ubuxoki umgca zexeshana. Ukuluma itempile ukusuka kumphezulu ngaphambili kwicala ngokungqalileyo ezikalini. Ameva kwi kwicandelo uqhagamshele enye, osusela emhlathini.

isikali

Yeyona ndawo inkulu ithambo. Izikali ukusekwa iziqingatha ezibini. Iinxalenye luqhakamshelene weld ngokungqalileyo. Iminyaka emihlanu sukube ikhula. Kwezinye iimeko, omhlophe igcinwe kwaye umbuzo ngokungqalileyo kuhlala wahlukanisa. Izikali bahlule iindawo ngaphakathi langaphandle. Okokuqala - agudileyo, ke ngokumila khaxa. Ngapha nangapha umthungo ebonakalayo ngokungqalileyo nesisu (bafundelane ngezibini). Ngezantsi kuye ngapha nangapha yi irola kokuba imilo iceba (kwebunzi). imilo nobukhulu kuxhomekeke kubume ngamnye amathambo entloko. Phakathi amashiya kunye amaqhuma kwakhiwa kwindawo egudileyo - glabella.

Kwicala elingaphandle koluhlu abazahlulayo ukusuka kolunye udini ikhadi Orbital supraorbital (bafundelane ngezibini). Malunga nama apho tenderloin kweli ziko. Ibekwe ngaphakathi lekhefu ngokungqalileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, le umtya ludlulele emngxunyeni. luvo ubuxoki Therethrough kunye nempahla. Inxalenye engaphakathi esikalini phakathi. Phezu ke vee esimbaxa, embindini - le Crest. Kwakhona ishicilela convolutions saphawula. ephakeme Frontal eshenxela emqeleni sinus eliphezulu sagittal. Ekuqaleni ukuphakanyiswa ezantsi kukho umngxuma oyimfama. Emacaleni emqeleni indawo fossa granulations arachnoid ukusuka.

isebe Orbital

Yena imelwe ipleyiti bone quadrangular imilo ezitenxileyo ezinokwenzeka. It ukwahlula ezantsi (Orbital) kunye eliphezulu (ebuchotsheni) ngaphezulu. Okokuqala - ezigudileyo - abemi orbit. indawo yayo anterolateral le ingaba lacrimal ise nezinxonxo, medial kunye phambili - awodwa nzulu. Brain inxenye bangene kwisisu cranial siqulathe misinga kunye ezisezintabeni convolutions therebetween.

isebe ngeempumlo

Le nxalenye ibekwe phakathi imimandla Orbital. Oku imelwe inxenye ithambo, leyo Uvingca emacaleni kunye ngaphambili clip gridi. Side udini angasemva bafakwe ngohlangothi ipleyiti kunye icala ngaphambili - iziqalelo ngeempumlo kunye nomhlehlo maxillary. Kule ndawo kukho liva - impumlo lomqolo. It inxaxheba kule lokusekwa hlulo. Imimandla emva yesaphetha ke iiseli. Zihlanganiswe kunye mingxuma efanayo kwi ithambo ethmoid. Isiphumo na uphahla zabo.

Kwicala ngalinye phakathi ngohlangothi kwi emkhusaneni aze asike umqolo ngeempumlo iye beso sinus. Oku kukhokelela ngxenye asekhohlo nasekunene emngxunyeni. Xa abadala, ubungakanani sinuses yahlukile. It igcwele inwebu yangaphakathi. sinus Frontal ivula kungena kwesi sicatshulwa phakathi ngeempumlo.

Ukuqina

Uphuhliso wethambo ngokungqalileyo uvela amaziko amabini. Bona akhiwa ekupheleni kwenyanga yesibini kwexesha kokubeleka ehlabathini kummandla supraorbital. Usana bone ngokungqalileyo ibandakanya iinkalo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Bona siqhagamshelwe ixesha post-partum kunyaka wesibini. Ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emihlanu uqhele ukushiyeka nokuhlangana ebonakalayo phakathi iihafu.

lithambo Ethmoid le yokakayi

It iqulathe amacwecwe amabini. Enye tyaba, aa Incopho kwezinye abaphumelela ngayo. Kwakhona eli thambo unpaired intamo ubandakanya maze. Le mfundo iquka iiseli anomoya. Mibono nesithandwa ingxenye. Iiseli kwicala ngalinye ezikufutshane ukuya ipleyiti kunye ukunxibelelana nabanye kunye kwisisu ngeempumlo. lithambo Ethmoid intamo kweli tenderloin. Plate element libhekisa kwisebe zobuchopho. Ezinye iindawo ezenza ithambo ethmoid ye lukakayi, kukho ukubandakanyeka ekubunjweni icala medial le iziseko iliso kunye neendonga umgodi ngeempumlo.

ipleyiti oxwesileyo ngasemva sihambisane element tapered. Ngaphambili ezizibeni zamagxa olubotshelelwe ku ithambo ngokungqalileyo. Xa kwipleyiti ezininzi kuThixo kuthe ekhoyo. Le misebenzi yenzelwe ukuba sicatshulwa iinkqubo luvo ukuqgiba. On line usembindini ipleyiti oluya phezulu njalo kuxokwa cockscomb. Uncediswa ekupheleni phambi irhengqa lobuchopho. Xa phambi kummango undixokisa uhamba nomhlehlo - iphiko. ipleyiti nkqo ezinamacala ine imilo ezitenxileyo ezinokwenzeka. Yenza kummandla ngaphambili zekhala ngeempumlo.

ekulo

zaso bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amathathu. Bona yahlukanisiwe ukusuka kwenye nenye, kodwa hayi ngokucacileyo. Bekela bucala ngasemva, indawo ngaphambili iqela eliphakathi. Kwicala zisecaleni ezingcakacileyo zezigqubuthelo esityeni Orbital. Oku nomntu nelungiselelwe em- komzila kumphezulu wayo simahla. Ukususela ngaphakathi, kuphela inxalenye encinane iseli wambu sinamathambo. Abaninzi kubo izakuhlala ivuliwe. Bebugubungele ngokungqalileyo osecaleni, iPalatine, lacrimal kunye bone sphenoid kunye kwemihlathi yangasentla.

kwicala Medial le mibono esicacisa kummandla eliphezulu lweHo- ngeempumlo. It has ipleyiti ezimbini ezingcakacileyo - iqokobhe (ophakathi kunye phezulu). Kukho kwakhona appendage hook-ezimile. Kukho umsantsa phakathi esinkini - lo ngeempumlo sicatshulwa eliphezulu. Ngasemva kwaye ngentla kancinci lekhefu eliphezulu, kwezinye iimeko, wafumana enye - enyangweni. Amaqokobhe ebandakanya ukwakheka ethmoid yayo lithambo lukakayi, azilingani ngobukhulu kunye nemilo, ukuchaza ubude ezahlukeneyo kunye nobunzulu izicatshulwa ezahlukeneyo ngeempumlo.

head skeleton kophahla

isiqulathi Cranial kwi ngokungqalileyo convexity cipande na. It has ephezulu: elungqamekweni imiqela kunye nenduli. Uphahla diff Ulobumba ithambo Occipital. Kwicala ngalinye izinto zakhe Parietal elifutshane. Ukususela inkqubo zygomatic wethambo ngokungqalileyo phezu kophahla temporal ihamba umgca arcuate. Nodlwengulo.Ithintela kumngxuma ongasentla, nto leyo esahlula Crest, infratemporal ukusuka emseleni efanayo.

izinto ezimbaxa

Sae ukhakhayi bone (theyibhile ingezantsi ngokufutshane ibonisa iintlobo wombane) ngokuqhubekayo becala. Ezi ntlobo ziphambili yaxokomezela kwaye synchondrosises syndesmoses. Imihlathi esezantsi idityanisiwe temporo-mandibular edibeneyo, yaye ilungu sublingual - ngokusebenzisa imicu kwezihlunu. Syndesmoses amele kuhambisana fibrotic kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo beentanda. Njengomgaqo, amagama abo abhalwe ngokulandelelanayo idibanisa amathambo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho beentanda apho amagama abo. Umzekelo, kucaciswe amathambo Parietal eyenziwe sagittal, ngokungqalileyo kunye Parietal - suture coronal njalo njalo.

Synchondrosises thaca njengoko iikhompawundi intlala. Igcwele ikakhulu esisekweni cranial. syndesmosis Newborn thaca kunye imifinya zeethishu nokuqina. Ewe kuthiwa fontanelles.