Marshall Plan - longquzulwano yokuqala phakathi blocs Koloni naseMpuma

The States of emva Yurophu abasindayo iimfazwe komsindo II, kwakukho iqela lemibuzo endalo 1947. Kwindawo yokuqala wachukumisa ayakhe imizi abachaphazelekayo, iinkqubo zoqoqosho, kwamabutho emkhosini, zigqithiselwe ishishini umkhondo ngoxolo. Ngokuphawulekayo ngaphantsi kwe lo monakalo le mpi ally lwabo Intambo - eUnited States. Nangona kunjalo, yaye thina iingxaki babo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Ngaphambi koku, urhulumente kungekho etsolo ngaphantsi yaba umbuzo kwamabutho yayila ubomi zabucala wamajoni. Ukongeza, imveliso yasemkhosini kwafuneka lalisongwa kwaye reclassify kuyo ngokungqinelana nemiqathango uxolo. Kodwa ke wayeza kufika ntoni iimarike okwenyaniso ezi mveliso? Ukuba pre-imfazwe eYurophu yaba iqabane yorhwebo amahle abemi ezinganyibiliki kakhulu, ngoku ilizwekazi zisala zonakele, kunye nabathengi basekuhlaleni nzima ukunika imfuno eziyimfuneko ukuze impahla evela kwamanye amazwe. Indawo yoBuyiselo waba luncedo kubo bonke. Kwaye isiphumo yaba kuqondana iinjongo Marshall Plan. Ngokufutshane nje wabizwayo, kuba iseti amanyathelo zoqoqosho ecetywayo yi nguNobhala US of State George Marshall.

Kakuhle eli isiCwangciso Marshall

Iimpawu zokuqala zale projekthi kwaxoxwa ngazo ngoJulayi 1945 kwinkomfa e-Paris. Ekuqaleni, isiCwangciso Marshall elungiselelwe-nxaxheba kunye naseMpuma Yurophu States. Ngapha koko, ukusilela iphambili imfazwe kanye kwinxalenye esempuma Europe. Xa kuthelekiswa Warsaw, ePrague kunye Krakow, Brussels kunye iParis kwabonakala engazani yimfazwe iindawo nje cwaka. Noko ke, empumalanga aseYurophu kuxhomekeke urhulumente waseSoviet. A iinkokeli Soviet Boyika ukuba uncedo enjalo kuya kusenza US nempembelelo kula mazwe kunye buthathaka udumo lwabo kwi Socialist Party. Eneneni, ngenxa yezi zizathu, onke amazwe yobusoshiyali baye baba lwesimo abanekratshi yaye akazange ukunceda. Kunika umdla ukuqaphela ukuba isicwangciso Marshal ngokwayo ayikwazanga kwandiswa ngenxa CPSU (b) ukuphika intsilelo mali kunye nobukho naziphi na iingxaki ezibalulekileyo. Esebenzisa ibe omnye umdlali wala, sakhetha umsebenzi kukothuka. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ukuvuselelwa yiSoviet Union wenzayo ngesantya yayo akaninikanga indlela yaseYurophu, makhe yavelisa iindleko ezinkulu zabasebenzi.

Ukuphunyezwa kwale projekthi

Marshall Plan ekugqibeleni sinabele kumazwe elinesibhozo iBritane, yaseScandinavia Islands, Western, Southern kunye Central Europe. Le nkqubo yezoqoqosho iye yaba ngomnye kakhulu ukuphumelela (uhlobo) kuyo yonke imbali yoluntu. Ixesha elifutshane kakhulu kwexesha wavumela isiCwangciso Marshall ukwakha uqoqosho yatshabalala amazwe aseYurophu, kweli lizwe abadlali nempumelelo kunye nempembelelo kwibala neAfrika jikelele. Nazo zonke ezi zibonelelo Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba impumelelo yenkqubo ubukhulu becala kwangaphambili le United States ukukhonya kwihlabathi yasentshona. Umzekelo, ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo oku na igunya okuqhubekayo karhulumente kwibhloko orientation emkhosini-kwezopolitiko udale kwiminyaka embalwa kamva. Le yunithi waba NATO.