National of Ukraine. History of Ukraine

Ukraine - ilizwe zibalwa yesihlanu e-Europe ngokubhekiselele kubemi. Inani labantu abahlala kweli lizwe, ngokutsho kwiziphumo zobalo-2001, yaba ukuya 42,8 million. Lo mzobo, apho ngeposi ngezantsi, ibonisa ukwakhiwa nobuhlanga Ukraine njengepesenti.

A incinane

Ukraine baba ookhokho tripoltsy ngubani belimiwe indawo ephakathi Dniester, Dnieper kunye Bug Southern omnye BC 3.5-2 lamawaka. Nasekuqaleni nokuxubana, beza apha yaye kamva kummandla zeCarpath. Baye abathatha inxaxheba kwezolimo kwaye wayephila ubomi ungenzi nto. Oku aba bantu baza bakha isiseko sekamva uhlanga Ukrainian.

kwiinkulungwane eziliqela wenza ngesinyanzeliso ezininzi ngezizwe abavela kumazwe Slavic. Kodwa nangona kokuboleka ezinye iimpawu amasiko nezithethe zabo, Ukraine babekwazi ukulondoloza bangoobani wesizwe. Oku kubonakala nje kuphela ngolwimi kodwa nenkcubeko ngokomoya.

ngoku Ukraine enye iintlanga ezinkulu zehlabathi, zokuhlala indawo entliziyweni Europe kwaye ngokuyinxenye saa kulo lonke ihlabathi.

ulwazi jikelele

iindawo abantu ingqalelo kwiindawo ezisemantla, empuma nakumbindi. abantu abambalwa abahlala kwimimandla asentshona esemazantsi. Uninzi lwabantu balapho - Ukraine (malunga 78%), leyo yenye amaqela emidala yobuhlanga ehlabathini. Ukwakheka nobuhlanga Ukraine ikwaquka i iCrimea AmaTatar, Russian, Belarusians, izibonda, amaYuda, Romanians, Moldavians nabanye.

njengorhulumente wale mihla

Le olusemthethweni Ukrainian (ngaphandle isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa), ubuhlanga bomntu alukhankanywanga. Ngoko ke, abantu ababezalelwe kummandla Ukraine, ngokuzenzekelayo abemi. Ukongeza, lukwa yinxalenye yabantu bomthonyama, kungakhathaliseki unqulo lwabo, ubuhlanga, ulwimi kunye nemibono yezopolitiko.

amaqela eentlanga, eziquka abantu abangekho ekuqaleni Ukraine, kodwa ngabom ulandele imigaqo kunye nemimiselo yomthetho ekhoyo, ewonke amela ukwakhiwa nobuhlanga Ukraine yaye akhuselwe ngurhulumente, kwakunye kubemi bomthonyama.

Kyïv International Institute of Sociology waqhuba isifundo kwi thambeka lo yohlanga abemi yazo ezamahala self-lokuzazisa. Uhlalutyo lwabo wabonisa ukuba ukwakhiwa nobuhlanga Ukraine ezahlukahlukeneyo kakhulu. Ngokutsho ingcaciso efunyenweyo, ngomhla ummandla urhulumente likhaya-62% wabantu iMono-yobuhlanga Ukrainian, 23% ezi bietnicheskie Russian-Ukrainian,-10% - iMono-yobuhlanga baseRashiya, kwakunye-5% yabantu akwi namanye amaqela.

Inani labantu kwiingingqi central

Cinga ukwakhiwa nobuhlanga kwimimandla Ukraine, ukususela nge eKiev. nemizi yayo, idolophu kunye needolophana umiwe ngabameli iintlanga ezingezo-titular.

Apha Ukraine (malunga 90%) bahlala ikakhulu. I-10% - oku ke Belarusians kunye nezinye iintlanga. Njengoko ka 2001, ikomkhulu 2607,4 amawaka abantu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le nani okunene eliphezulu kakhulu, ukususela ukusebenza apha kwaye bafunde inani elikhulu basemzini nabantu abavela kwezinye izixeko.

Ummandla ummandla Zhytomyr yi sezizwe. Apha kuphila abantu 85 kwiintlanga! Ngaphezu kwama-80% yabo - Ukraine. Isabelo Russian xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindawo lincinane --8% kuphela. A isici esasenza Zhitomir linani elikhulu zezibonda abahlala apha, ngokukodwa kwinxalenye esentshona mmandla. Abantu ngeengcambu Belarusian, zimbalwa kakhulu, nangona kufuphi kukho umda kunye Belarus.

ummandla Kirovohrad zihlala ngaphezu kwe-85% lwe Ukrainian. Yaye emntla-mpuma inani esisondele ku-100%. Abahlali ngeengcambu Russian, kukho%-11 kuphela inani elipheleleyo abemi. Ngaphandle kwabo, lo mmandla ihlalwa Bulgarians, Moldavians kunye Belarusians.

ekhohlo Bank

Siyaqhubeka ukuhlola ukwakhiwa nobuhlanga kwiingingqi Ukraine kwaye uye kwinxalenye esempuma karhulumente. Kwingingqi IKharkiv likhaya kumaqela eentlanga malunga asibhozo. Ukraine ezenza ngaphezu kwe-60% yetotali yenani labafundi bebonke. Baye ilandelwa yi Russian (30%). Ezinye emphakathini Belarusians, nangezinto, Armenia nabanye.

Kwingingqi Dnepropetrovsk likhaya kuluntu wokuqala omkhulu Ukrainian. Abemi bomthonyama apha yi-70%. Le yesibini ngobukhulu uhlanga - Russian (25%). ukuba bagxila ngakumbi kumaziko orhwebo. Phakathi kwezinye izizwe eme amaYuda Belarusians.

ummandla IDonetsk yinkokeli ngokubhekiselele kubemi. Kuyinto ekhaya ukuya kwizigidi 4.5 abahlali. Inxalenye basic iqulathe Ukrainian (50%), kunye Belarusians Russian (42%), kwakunye amaYuda, amaJamani, njl Imizi unabantu abaninzi imizi emikhulu -. SeDonetsk Mariupol, kunye Kramators'k MAKEEVKA.

Ngomhla kummandla lwesakhiwo yesizwe Ukraine Luhansk abakuluhlu oluphezulu ngaphezu kwiindawo ezikufutshane. Abantu abaninzi kusendleleni Ukrainian obuzwe (50%). Baye ilandelwa yi Russian (ngaphantsi kwama-40%), Belarusians, nangezinto, kunye namanye amaqela iintlanga ikhulu. Lugansk mmandla ngu nengxinano yabemi ibekwe yesihlanu Ukraine.

kwimimandla ekumzantsi

In Zaporozhye mmandla oxhaphakileyo uhlanga Ukrainian (60%). Lo mmandla lizwe kokwabo kwiindawo ezimbalwa, apho kukho inani elikhulu labantu ngeengcambu Russian (30%). Phakathi kwezinye ezincane zingahlukaniswa Belarusians kunye Bulgarians. Le yokugqibela, njengokuba umthetho, bahlala Primorye.

In kummandla Kherson ngo-1989, 82% of Ukraine. Kamva, eli nani lanyuka ukuya 84,6%. Indawo yesibini ilawulwa labemi Russian, kodwa ubalo-2001 lwabonisa ukuba kulo mmandla ukuba lehle nge-33,8%. Phakathi kwezinye ezincane zabelwa iCrimea AmaTatar, Belarusians nezibonda.

In the Mykolaiv mmandla isabelo Ukraine ngaphaya 75%. Kule mimandla kumntla-ntshona inani efikelela 90%. abemi Russian, kukho malunga nama-20%. Kwakhona ubuninzi bazo Moldavians kwaye Belarusians abahlala kwinxalenye esemantla mmandla.

ummandla Odessa une-55% yabantu Ukrainian ne-25% - Russian. Phakathi kwezinye bambalwa yesizwe ezimbalwa kuyimfuneko ukukhetha Bulgarians, Gagauz kunye Moldovan. Kwakhona, kule ndawo Odessa abe Czechs, amaGrike, Albania nezibonda. Inani labemi zemveli ithatha phantse kuzo zonke iindawo yayo engundoqo kunye wasentla.

ECrimea kunye nesixeko Sevastopol: iwela ka-74,4% baze 20.6% of Ukraine Russian kwi ekwakhiweni nobuhlanga la mazwe, i-5% - i iCrimea AmaTatar, Armenia, amaJamani, amaYuda, baseLatvia, izibonda, Korea, Estonia kunye nabanye nabo baphile apha. abantu beentlanga, ugalelwe nangezinto Gypsies.

Right Bank

ummandla Volyn - a Western Ukraine. Ukubunjwa yobuhlanga abemi kulo mmandla phantse uniform ngenxa yesikhundla salo okuyo. Inxalenye enkulu abemi Ukrainian (mkhulu kwe-95%). Kananjalo apha aphile baseRashiya (4%), nezibonda (0.5%), kunye nabanye. Le meko efanayo eLvov, Ivano-Frankivsk, Rovenskaya, Khmelnytsk, Vinnytsia, Chernihiv, Poltava, Sumskoy, Ternopil kunye nemimandla Cherkasy.

kwango-2001 lubonisa ukuba ummandla ummandla Chernivtsi omiweyo ngabameli eentlanga 80. Apho phantse bonke abantu libunjwa Ukraine (75%). Ukuba ngabona ezingontsini zasentla-mpuma nasentshona mmandla. Kufuneka ke ukuba phakathi kwabantu bomthonyama uyazimela amaqela sub-yobuhlanga ezifana Bessarabians, Hutsuls kunye Rusyns. I live yokuqala kakhulu kwi inxalenye kumntla-mpuma, okwesibini - kummandla entshona, kwaye eyesithathu - phakathi imilambo mfula kunye Nistru.

Le yesibini ngobukhulu indawo ubuzwe Chernovitsky - Romania (10%). Oku kulandelwa Moldavians (malunga ne-9%), ne-7% kuphela yabemi ineengcambu Russian.

ummandla Transcarpathian of Ukraine igqibe uhlanga kwizizwe ezahlukeneyo abahlala kuyo. Oku, umzekelo, Hungary (12.5%) kunye Slovakia (0.6%). Abantu Indigenous - Kakade ke, Ukraine. Yaye labemi lilonke apho kukho ngaphezu kwe-80%. Ngaphandle kwabo baphile apha Russian (4%), Romanians, Gypsies, amaJamani, Belarusians, abavela kunye nezinye izizwe.

I labantu kwiingingqi

Ukraine iquka inani khorwisaka kumazwe ngenkcazo. Ngamnye kubo luphawulwa kwinkcubeko nganye, izithethe kunye uhlanga. Abaninzi kubo abathile ilizwe kwabanye (umzekelo, Pokut'a elise Compostela). Zonke ezi amasebe ubume mihla nobuhlanga kwimimandla Ukraine elisekho ichaphazela ubume babo kunye neentshukumo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba bambalwa zesizwe eziphambili kweli lizwe, kukho ezisibhozo:

- Russian (8 334.1 thous.);
- Belarusians (275.8 th.);
- Moldavians (258.6 th.);
- iCrimea Tatar (248.2 th.);
- Bulgaria (204.6 th.);
- Hungary (156.6 th.);
- Romania (151.0 th.);
- Ashera (144.1 thous.).

Le ezincane ngasentla bahlala ubukhulu becala kwimimandla umda weli lizwe, kodwa kwimimandla engundoqo esilawulwa Ukraine.