Isigaba ombane

Ende waqina ezimpilweni wombane nesigama ukusukela ekuqaleni indlela ugesi. Kodwa ngoku, ngandlela ithile, kuba abafileyo ekupheleni, yokucinga ngexesha, njengoko uthi, "Akukho nto." Akekho Ayikwazanga olubakhanyiselayo abantu, umzekelo, oko kukuthi kwisigaba ombane, ngenxa yokuba ixesha yayingekabikho. Kodwa nokuphuma yonke into, utshintsho yonke into, kwaye ngoku neshumi elinesibini okanye iinguqulelo ezahlukileyo ezimbini ze yengcinezelo abamangali nabani. Isicelo yokuqala ombane ontlantlu-ntathu, apho bonke waya, kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-19. bonke Baqalisa ukufunda isenzeko yoqheliso electromagnetic. Umongo olu lingelo elandelayo yaba elula - igqithiselwa kwi Ikhoyili yangoku yombane , yaye etsala intonga yesinyithi. Okunye - ngaphezulu. Ukuba ecaleni kwenye coil, cima i zangoku ijika yokuqala neyesibini - intonga otsaleleke kwakhona, kodwa coil yesibini. Imimangaliso! Intonga yathutha isithuba kuphela esebenzisa khosi isicelo yangoku Ikhoyili! Leyo ukuze kulula kwaye, njengoko batshovo, ngaphandle kokuphuma kwigumbi, ngaloo mihla zazenziwe lama-yokwenza kwesayensi.

Ukuba uqhubeka kunjani, nokuba engqondweni kuphela, wabeka 100 imibhijelo kwaye oluzijikela ziquka, cima, kunokuthi kubonwe ukuba intonga iye yasuswa ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni. Ikhoyili utshintsho ilungiselelo uqwalaselo - ziya wababeka isangqa, kodwa endaweni intonga uyanamathela omnye arrow kwi ezimanyeneyo kwisangqa ephakathi. Kwaye kwakhona, kwi-off izihlandlo 100: utolo wajika waza wathabatha sikhundla iqala. Yintoni le sinayo? Siye saba imodeli abangekaphuhli ye batshintshana emagneti. Ukulungiselela le njongo, coil nganye nto busetyenzisiwe ukubetha ombane ( "on-off"). Kubaluleke kakhulu kubaluleke ukuba elilandelayo kwamaza anikwe ixesha shift malunga yangaphambili yangoku awo omkhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo ukusuka kwiqanda ukuya kuma kwixabiso -, wabuya zero - icimile. Enyanisweni, inkqubo ukunyuka nokuhla ezikhoyo nganye coil omkhulu okufanayo. Le nkqubo iterative ibizwa ngokuba ixesha-elibujikele, kunye nexesha ukusuka incopho enye ukuya elilandelayo - umjikelo.

Ukuba, ngethuba lomjikelo we-ezikhoyo lale nguqu ubukhulu kunye nolwalathiso, oko kuthiwa variable. Ingozi AC iye kulandelayo parameters: awo - ubuninzi wangoku okanye ombane kwaye rhoqo - inani oscillations ngomzuzwana. Ukubuyela kule ingentla linga jiko, qaphela ukuba ngamnye kubo zibandakanyiwe yodwa ingadityaniswa nezinye (ukusuka yayo yemvelaphi ombane) kunye ombane supply lemijikelo ezingafani kuphela ngokubandakanywa xesha okanye, njengoko ngombane, kwisigaba. Ngoko, umahluko ombane kuphela kukuba banalo ixesha eyahlukileyo inrush ngoku Ikhoyili, okanye ombane ezahlukeneyo kwisigaba. Ngokwenene, isigaba - lihambisana elithi "ukulibala". Iya kuthakazelelwa into yokuba ibinzana elithi "isigaba ombane" libhekisela kuphela kwinkqubo multiconductor apho umthombo wamandla kunye kwelinye icala eqhagamshelwe kwincopho eqhelekileyo, kunye neziphelo wesibini ngamnye kubo udityanisiwe jiko. Kwenzeka ngokwembali ukuba abaqhubi unikezelo zibizwa nazo izigaba. Eyona ndlela kakhulu kusetyenziswa inkqubo Ufumene ombane sinusoidal kwaye zibe kwisigaba shift-120 °, ngamanye Ixesha yenye esithathwini rhoqo yokusebenza kwexesha. Isiphumo zobugcisa iphambili iinkqubo ontlantlu-ntathu - ekufumaneni i batshintshana zibuthe.

Kuba kuthelekiswa, amandla iimpawu iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ombane njenge ombane reference amukela DC. Ukuze ubone ombane elingana AC rhoqo, maluqhutywe ngolu hlobo: imithombo ezahlukeneyo ntshikilelo zithwele abathengi ezifanayo kunye lolungelelwaniso bodwa xi ukufikelela umlinganiselo ofanayo wamandla kuzo zombini imithwalo. Empirically wabonisa ukuba sigaba ombane apho amandla ukukhululwa kwi umthwalo efanayo kunye nemigangatho, kukho ubukhulu izihlandlo 1.42 le DC. Xa kusenziwa oku, elahliweyo lixabiso le ombane ebonisa isixhobo, kwaye wabhekisela ombane esebenzayo AC.

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla sisebenzisa kwisigaba emithathu-networks amandla ezoshishino, leyo bathi "volts 3 ukuya 380." Xa unxibelelwano ezinjalo, isigaba ombane yi 220V, kunye nexabiso layo nencopho - 308B.