Ngaba uyazi ukuba ngubani owadala wonke yokuqala? Xa kwemoto oko, yaye ngubani na ke umbhali

Enye yezinto ezinkulu geography kukuyilwa zomhlaba, ngalo kuba lula ukukhumbula indawo iilwandle, iilwandle, amazwekazi, iziqithi, amahlathi ashinyeneyo, intlango kunye ice njalo njalo. Ngenxa yoko, le nto emangalisayo nigqibela zizazinzulu ezininzi ehlabathini lonke. Apho ke ibali lakhe amandulo kunokuba eyonwabisayo.

Ngubani na odale wonke yokuqala? Around le qambo nangoku ubilise, kunokutshiseka.

Yintoni Globe?

Globe evela Latin globus gama lithetha ibhola.

Lo mfanekiso mephu phezu ibhola, ukulondoloza yakhiwe uhambahamba kunye nesayizi ratio (izikwere). iimbumba ezahlukeneyo geographical ukuba ukubonisa phezu komhlaba, phezu kwenyanga, njl umhlaba yasezulwini.

Phambi kokuba kubekho ingcamango ungqukuva imilo komhlaba, yokuzunguleza iimbumba ngqa yasezulwini zadalwa. Ezi umfanekiso ungqukuva zezulu, ukuba sele kwaziwa eYiputa yamandulo.

Imbali isenzeko umhlaba

Okokuqala Globe yavela ngaphambi kwexesha lethu (ngenkulungwane II-), nto leyo wadala Umsunguli lowo wasithandayo izibongo kakhulu kunene. Yaba ISAZINZULU-sobulumko, philologist ogama Crathes Malossky. Kangangeentsuku akwazi ukuphulaphula umbongo "I Odyssey", yaye ngokufuthi emva kokuphulaphula kokuba ngoovulindlela kwimephu zonke iindlela abeye ophambili. Ngelo xesha wayesele esaziwa malunga imilo ungqukuva lomhlaba, ngoko ke wapeyinta ibhola.

Nangona ndaba oku yayifana izinga lolwazi baloo maxesha, kodwa yaba wonke ngokwenene. Ababephila, yena kakhulu kakuhle, kodwa kwisithuba kwiinkulungwane ezimbalwa, malunga ngubani na umbhali lokuqala zomhlaba, lilityelweyo.

Ngowe-1492 eNuremberg (Germany), yenziwe omnye one ngenjongo uzibone ezifunyaniswe geographical oomatiloshe isiPhuthukezi. Ngoko ke, lo Isazinzulu Martin Behaim wenziwa umenzi wokuqala zomhlaba.

The Globe igama "Umhlaba apile". Wayemela ibhola eyenziwe ngentsimbi ubungakanani enobubanzi hayi ngaphezulu kwe-50 cm. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zwekazi nangoku Melika kuyo wayengekho, ngenxa ukufunyanwa kwayo Columbus kwixesha elizayo. Kwakhona kwi jikelele iye akukho nobude, kodwa kwakukho ndawo kunye esiqu, yaye yaba inkcazelo emfutshane amazwe. Ke kaloku wonke umhlaba wokuqala (1492) igcinwa kwi waseLondon Museum.

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, kukho inani elikhulu iimbumba ezininzi ezizodwa, nokuba ezingalindelekanga, kunye ubukhulu mihle, uyilo kunye nezinto. Kodwa ezimbini ezi meko azikwazi asilele ukukhankanya apha: endala sikhulu kakhulu engaqhelekanga.

Ngubani na odale jikelele lokuqala - i ezinkulu ehlabathini

Inkampani American udale umhlaba omkhulu DeLorme Eartha. Lo mbutho iphuhlise kwaye iimaphu inkqubo GPS-navigation.

Netoti umhlaba uchume leemitha 12.6, nto leyo emele i-kubude besakhiwo esinemigangatho-4. Ngoku lo indalo eyahlukileyo ibekwe Yarmouth eMelika.

Globe giant ikhadi 792 yi Isiqwenga, ekhwele phakathi iibholiti kufihlwa kwisakhelo enkulu. Into yokugqibela ezakhiwe amawaka 6 imibhobho kwi-aluminiyam. Olona phawu ongengowale ndalo emangalisayo kwakhona yokuba kubhaliwe ayehlala kwisakhiwo iglasi, futhi akhanyiswe ngaphakathi, apho ke ulunika i ukubukeka engaqhelekanga.

Le wobugcisa iqukiwe Guinness Book of Records.

WaseMelika wonke endala

Ngubani na odale wonke yokuqala eMelika? kuchazwe Okulandelayo na into efanayo, ngokunjalo, endala.

Kuye kwafunyaniswa zizazinzulu ukuba yenziwe ukusuka shellac yeqanda leenciniba iihafu ethe (Polymer zendalo). Ikhadi ngokwayo oqingqiweyo kulo iqokobhe.

Kodwa ke, umbuzo wokuba ngubani owadala umhlaba yokuqala ebonisa naseMelika, unokuphendulwa, akwaziwa. Kutheni?

Globe ivela kwiqanda elikhulu kweenciniba lelokuqala apho baboniswa Melika, kwaye ngeyisekho nanamhla. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba ukumisela umhla ngqo kunye umdali wayo, ngenxa yokungabikho kwisifundo nayiphi na imiqondiso atyikitye.

Izazinzulu ziye zacebisa ukuba Globe yadalwa kumasifundisane uLeonardo da Vinci, njengoko kukho eminye imizobo, imisebenzi uphawu wegcisa enkulu. Yandlalwa ngalo mbandela ungene ngemvume namazwekazi Latin, izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo, okanye nomntu-umatiloshe, abathumela.

UGqr Missine (philologist kunye umqokeleli cards) ikholelwa ukuba sigqibo sisebenza 1504.

wonke yasezulwini

Ngubani owenza umhlaba wokuqala zasezulwini? khona iinguqulelo ezininzi. Umzekelo, e Naples kukho umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Atlanta (emarmore), yomhla we-III-it BC. Emagxeni akhe uTshawe ubamba sphere kunye nomfanekiselo namakroza. Kukholelwa ukuba kukho umatshini we - Globe Eudoxus ngaseKinido (ngeenkwenkwezi Greek).

Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi olukhoyo kubukho uMhlaba iimbumba kumaxesha amandulo, oko asiyoyenene. Ngoko ke, ngokuba ingxoxo ngalo mba kukho izizathu ezininzi.