Nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle Olega Veschego

karhulumente Russian Old - nelaye lasisiseko inkcubeko yaseYurophu. Yaba Bulelani kuye ukuba Eastern nokuxubana ziye malivakale ehlabathini lonke waza wangena amagama abo kangangeenkulungwane. Le meko yasekwa abasuka yaseScandinavia. Bazizisa emhlabeni of Ukraine mihla, inkcubeko emantla, imithetho kunye umzekelo nkqubo karhulumente. nokwenziwa olunjalo akulolize, ekupheleni IX kunye nasekuqaleni kuka X kwenkulungwane urhulumente Old Russian ofanayo kumnombo omkhulu uBukhosi baseRoma - Byzantium.

karhulumente Old Russian nababusi balo

Inkqubo ibonwe kwabo maxesha kwemvelo ngenxa imisebenzi weenkosana yamandulo Russian abo benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze bakhulise ilizwe labo ukuya kwinqanaba elitsha. Into kwakunokwenzeka ukuba kwenza abanye. Namhlanje singatsho ngokuzithemba ukuba, ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi iinkosana zokuqala ngohlobo Rurik, isiseko kwabekwa ezinye "ukoyisa" indawo elangeni. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo zangaphakathi nangaphandle wakubathetheli abaziintloko wenziwe ngoxa kusemnandi feuds rhoqo kunye nezinye izizwe Slavic kunye iyangena zizizwe zalapho. Malunga Abathetheli imisebenzi inokuba ixesha elide kakhulu, kodwa omnye wabo kuba ukuchonga ezona izilumko kunye impumelelo kusini na ngokubhekiselele ngxabano kwezopolitiko.

Ngubani na Prince Oleg?

Umntu kakhulu umdla kwaye kungekho ngaphantsi eliyimfihlakalo kwimbali yonke zokuqala ezinkulu Prince Oleg. iingxelo ezithembekileyo ngawo ngaso watshabalala. umfanekiso Historic amanene isekelwe phezu "Tale of adlulileyo Iminyaka" yaye "Novgorod Chronicle", kunye namabali malunga izenzo zakhe edume ngazo ukuqhuba iinkqubo lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle. Oleg onokufaniswa inkokeli omkhulu Attila i Hun, ngoba ubomi bakhe bonke nalo alaziwa ukuba lithetha ukuthini.

Oleg Origin

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iingcamango ezimbini eziphambili ngemvelaphi Oleg. Ngamnye kubo linikwa kwi yeziKronike ezimbini adumileyo: "Novgorod" yaye "I Tale of adlulileyo Years". Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba lonke uluhlu lweengxelo ozinikiweyo kwezi mibhalo yamandulo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhethe i kernel inengqondo, elinoxanduva ubuncinane kancinane nathi imbonakalo eqongeni Oleg theatre yembali karhulumente Old Russian.

Basekhaya angaphandle Politika Olega kwakubangelwa ubukhulu becala imvelaphi umsolwa. Ngokutsho yeziKronike, amavo, Oleg bafika kwilizwe lamandulo Russian kunye Rurik. Emva kokufa kwakhe, Oleg waqalisa ukulawula ibamba ngunyana minor Rurik. izazinzulu Modern sekunjalo wayengazi ukuba kutheni umntu unknown elizayo Prince wayekwisikhundla omkhulu onje. Apha ke kukho amavo ezimbini. Eyokuqala ithi Oleg wayesisalamane Rurik, kwaye eyesibini isixelela ukuphakama kwakhe ecaleni inkokeli yaseScandinavia ndingumthetheli. Kunjalo, ibhodi ye-Grand Duke iqala ngo-882.

Basekhaya angaphandle Politika Olega

Kanye ngamandla, umthetheli uqala ukoyisa zonke zezizwe ezibe inkani okanye ukungathobeli. Nangona Oleg waba inkosana Novgorod naseKiev ayikho, njengoko yokugqibela wahlala Askold kunye Dir. Ngaphakathi prince yakwazi ukoyisa ezininzi kwizizwe Slavic, ezizezi imfazwe ngokuqhubekayo kangangeminyaka eliqela eSlovenia, kubhabha, Chud, Meyrueis kunye Krivichy. Kunye amajoni zezizwe oyiswe ne Vikings Grand Duke Oleg waqalisa ukuhamba phantsi Dnieper. Kweli phulo, wakwazi ukuba ukufaka izixeko ezifana ESmolensk kunye Ljubech.

Emva kwezi ziganeko, oko akuthethi buhlungu ukuya eKiev. Kodwa ke umthetheli akazange ndiwuthimbe lo mzi ngenxa zokungqinga kunye nabezomkhosi zange ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela. Oleg wasebenzisa iqhinga. Wabiza Askold kunye Dir ukuhlangabezana ngaphandle kweendonga zesixeko. Wasungula indlalifa, Prince Rurik - Igor, uze emva koko wabulala abathetheli Kievan. Kule ulawulo esixekweni kwi Dnieper yaphela. Kutheni Prince of Novgorod wenza kanye oko, akukho bani owaziyo.

Ukususela ngelo xesha Oleg united loMntla neleMpuma Russia, ukudala imeko Old Russian, Kievan Rus ', okanye njengoko kuthiwa. nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle of Prince Oleg yayisekelwe ekuphumezeni isiphumo eliphezulu omhle iRashiya. Ngelo xesha waya phezu ezininzi "nokulinga", ukuba ndithe ndithi ke, amanyathelo ngokwembono yomgaqo-nkqubo.

imikhankaso Byzantine

Eyona ndlela eziphambili nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle of Prince Oleg nalo ngenxa neziphathelene Prince, malunga nendima ngcembe Kievan Rus. Igalelo inkulu kule nkqubo yangaphakathi senziwe ekupheleni kwenkulungwane IX, xa Oleg of Novgorod kunye Kiev zidityaniswe zibe bengatshatanga. iziganeko elandelayo zibonisa injongo Prince nenani emazweni okuqhubekayo yelo xesha.

ummelwane Maritime Russia ngelo xesha kwakukho abazizityebi enamandla EByzantium lizwe. Eqonda yingozi, yaye kwangaxeshanye, umtsalane lotshaba olo, Oleg ugqiba ukuya imfazwe kweli lizwe. iphulo lokuqala kwenzeka ngo-907. Ngokutsho legend, wayengomnye kakhulu ezinkulu kakhulu. Emva koko yatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo intsomi invincibility kunye omnipotence waseByzantium. Xa Grand Prince of Novgorod kunye Kiev ebethelelwe ikhaka lakhe emasangweni eConstantinople, oko laba sisiqalo sexesha elitsha. Ke ukuba kwipolitiki, uloyiso i Kievan Rus 'phezu uBukhosi baseByzantium kwaba intuthuko ngokwenene. Ngokwesivumelwano kuso by Oleg ngo-907, otyebileyo ummelwane karhulumente Slavic sanyanzeleka ukuba ahlawule kwakhe emnika imirhumo. Ngaphezu koko, urhwebo yasimahla esekelwe omabini amaqela. Ekubeni Byzantium abazange bayeke ukumoyika kwaye bahloniphe Kievan Rus.

Ngo-911, inkosana uthumela umkhosi akakho, ngoko ukwandisa uxolo basayine imvumelwano entsha. Kulo kwaba nkqu izinto ezininzi ezintle zabathengisi yamandulo kunye nemeko Russian luphela.

Ngoko ke, siye sabona ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo basekhaya angaphandle of Prince Oleg ebhaliwe kwimbali ngoncedo izenzo kaHomer. Grand Duke wabeka isiseko sexesha elitsha ngokudibanisa imfazwe kunye nezopolitiko. Kuyinto ngenxa kumlawuli wokuqala Kiev wabeka isiseko amanye amanyathelo iinkosana yamandulo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu basekhaya angaphandle Politika Olega wamnceda ukuba ziyaluthundeza igama lakhe, ngokunjalo ukwakha isizwe mkhulu udumileyo Kievan Rus.