Petsamo-Kirkenes umhla ukusebenza, iziphumo, iifoto

operation Petsamo-Kirkenes ngowe-1944 kwaba kubaluleke qhinga eSoviet High Umyalelo ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Injongo yalo mlo ukukhululwa ukusuka umsebenzi German Arctic.

Petsamo-Kirkenes ukusebenza: photo, jikelele

Amabutho eSoviet ukulwa livunyelwe kuphela ukugqiba ukugxothwa abahlaseli evela lizwe. Ukulwa kwaba nefuthe elibaluleke kakhulu ukulingana kwamandla emntla Yurophu. amajoni Soviet kwafuneka ukungena Petsamo kunye Luostari, apho 19 Mountain Corps of the Wehrmacht, uze anganyathela Kirkenes.

Sibangwa imikhosi

Kwi mmandla bekukho 20 umkhosi zemigodi ekhokelwa Colonel-Jikelele Lothar Rendulic 19 ityala intaba-Jaeger, nto leyo elikhokelwa Jikelele kuFerdinand Jodl. imikhosi isiJamani thaca amaqela amaqela 3 no-4, 53 amawaka. Cel., Ngaphezu 750 ngemipu kunye mortars. Njengenxalenye yale amajoni amaNazi babekhona kunye moya (iiyunithi ezili-160). 19 isidumbu kwi lokuziphendulela ngokunzulu sekhombuya kwiindawo ntlango nzima. Forces wawabeka kwiinduli kufutshane amachibi kunye amawa. amajoni Soviet kwangena imikhosi phambi Karelian. Umyalelo iikhompawundi jikelele bamthwala Meretskov. Njengenxalenye yale imikhosi Soviet langoku 14 umkhosi, eyayikhokelwa uLieutenant-General Shcherbakov. Wawuhlanganisa:

1. amaqela umpu (8).
2. Self-kuqhube iishelfu zokudubula (2).
3. Brigade 2 engineering, Tank 1, 5 umpu.
4. Udaka, zokudubula ezishelifini (21).
5. Iqela izindululi irula.

Inani yomkhosi Russian lizizigidi 97. Abantu. Xa nokutshitshiswa kwee-imikhosi kwakunjalo mortars 2112 nemipu, amatanki 107 nemipu self-ngokwaso. Ukususela emoyeni, umkhosi ahlala 689 moya. Petsamo-Kirkenes operation ekhubekisayo wathatha indawo inxaxheba Northern Fleet, phantsi Admiral Golovko. It iqulathe 2 imikhosi baya Marine lweSizwe, iinqanawa kunye neeyunithi Aviation yomkhosi wamanzi (276 moya). Phambili imikhosi nzima ukusetyenziswa zokudubula enzima, kule nkalo, Jikelele Meretskov wacela amatanki KV.

Petsamo-Kirkenes operation (short)

Ngokwesi sicwangciso, kulindeleke ngexesha kwiveki yokuqala yokusebenzisa sebenzo jikelele ngokunzulu, aliqhawule ngasentla nemikhosi nangasezantsi amaJamani abo ilwelwe e Rheine B. Zapadnaya Litsa. Ngamanye amazwi, imikhosi Soviet babeza kuyila "kwibhoyila" Classic. Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, umsebenzi Petsamo-Kirkenes (ukuqala umhla - Oktobha 7) kwacetywa phantsi kwempembelelo eLeningrad kunye Idabi Stalingrad. Ngexesha intshukumo eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet ucelomngeni Wehrmacht wenziwe ngobungxamo amacandelwana Finland kunye eNorway. Lo msebenzi ubizwa Nordlicht. Yayo yangaphambili (Birke), wachitha Rendulic. Emva koko, ngokuba impumelelo apho wafumana Bawela Knight kaThixo kunye amagqabi oki (zemvume eliphezulu Reich). operation Petsamo-Kirkenes 1944 yaqhutywa ngezigaba ezithathu. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala kwakukho ingxaki ukuba atyhudise eziphumelela German phambi amabutho Soviet. Ke umkhosi kufuneka balandele nabananisi layohlala Kirkenes kwaye tirhisa iimfazwe lokugqibela. Ngexesha intshukumo eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet kuye imikhosi vybrosok nomkhosi yomkhosi wamanzi eziliqela kunye neeyunithi umkhosi. Enye edlwengulwa lwenziwe kwi Minor Volokovaya iindevu.

Defense ukuphumelela German

October 7 ngo-8 kusasa ithala yaqala. Emva kweeyure 2.5 imikhosi eSoviet wahamba lohlaselo. Ngosuku lokuqala ebiyelweyo 131 sele ifikelele p. Titovka kwaye kunyanzela 99 ayikwazanga ukugqibezela umsebenzi ngoko nangoko. Bayagqobhoza, bayangena zokuzithethelela aseJamani kuphela kusasa ngomhla-8 Oktobha. Ngosuku olulandelayo - 9 - imikhosi ekhubekisayo yasungula iqela phantsi umyalelo uLieutenant General Pigarevicha. Baye ise kwimpuma kwisithili. Zap. Abantu kummandla yokupasa esebenzayo ngakumbi amaNazi ukuya Murmansk. Ngobo busuku kwenziwa kwendiza e-Little Bay Volkova (Fjord Mattivuono). Oomatiloshe kwakudlula kummango Musta Ridge, ibe phofu Petsamo, wasinqumla inxalenye sempi umkhosi waseJamani.

indawo

126 legkostrelkovy Corps, umthetho Colonel Solovyev, ukususela ephangweni ekhohlo lwaqhutywa ngempumelelo ngaphandle sebenzo jikelele. Ngosuku lwesine, wahamba endleleni Petsamo-Salmijärvi ndizigawule entshonalanga yayo Luostari. Ebetha amaJamani isibali-ukuhlasela, umzimba liya kuqhubeka nokukhuthaza, lwathi indlela Petsamo-Tarnet. kwicala Night, elikhokelwa uMajor General zhukov wathimba indiza e Luostari. Yaba capture ngobuchule ebalulekileyo. Ukuya kwi imikhosi Luostari eSoviet ndayihluthwa amaJamani enye moya ezinkulu ngasentla. ezontathu aliqela utshaba babebanjwe sazithimbela. Wodliwa kwangaloo mhla ndatshintshelwa kwendiza Liinakhamari. Kunye 114 umzimba hlula 99 afohlela zazishenxisiwe amaNazi indawo. Ngenxa yoko Petsamo macala onke angqongwe amabutho yiSoviet. Zivela empumalanga zokuhlala bafudukela uMarines kunye Pigarevicha leqela, ukusuka entshonalanga imeko ibe phantsi kolawulo lwe-Marine Brigade 72, apha ngasezantsi - yaba lwezindlu 131, nasentla wasondela ukugaleleka, zifakiwe kwi-Oktobha 13, Harbour Liinakhamari.

ukuthatha port

operation Petsamo-Kirkenes yahlukile ngoba wawungapheleli kuphela Army, kodwa izithuthi. Ngelo Inqanaba lokugqibela le-unit amadabi kwesimo ezikhethekileyo 181 bafudukela kwindawo Liinakhamari. Izibuko iye yaqinisa kulowo ngokungenalusini karhulumente kunye headlands zayisithelisa Romanov kunye EMNQAMLEZWENI. Le igranite ezisekelwe amaJamani lokugqibela yakhiwe zokomeleza ezahlukeneyo, emplacements zixhotyiswe, komhlaba, imisele, njl At Cape Romanov kude wahlala imigqomo kuzo inomzimba ukufakwa baseJamani. Ukusuka kwezi iinqaba inika imboniselo eyiyo somnyango kwizibuko. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba inomzimba naziphi na ii nkwili okanye iinqanawa. October 12 ngabom empi, owawukhokelwa Major-Barchenko Emelyanov Leon, wahlasela neebhetri waseJamani ibekwe kwi m. Impi. Umlo lwalulolwexeshana. Kunye nelahleko ezincinane, amajoni eSoviet wayithimba ibhetri. Ngenxa kule transfer iye yenziwa ngeenyawo zakhe e Liinakhamari, indawo bamba wabongamela koko Petsamo.

Capture Umzimveliso

ukuzithethelela kwakhe amandla wamajoni phantsi umyalelo Jikelele Vogel. Yayithetha iiyunithi kunye, nokumkhanyela, nokubuya umva Luostari yaye kwiNkqubo eFinland. Petsamo-Kirkenes operation waqhubeka babesilwela Umzimveliso ngomhla we-18 Oktobha. Umkhosi waseJamani wanikela ukumelana ilukhuni. Ngaphandle koku, imikhosi yaseSoviet bafika Yar-Fjord wayithimba Umzimveliso (Kolosjoki). izenzo Active yomkhosi Russian banyanzelisa umyalelo waseJamani ukukhawulezisa kowokuqala, yaye emva emoyeni angenela Kirkenes Oktobha 21 - ukugqibezela ngobungxamo. Esi sixeko yaphela amanzi acocekileyo, ezisetyenziswa ikakhulu imikhumbi boilers. October 22 131 izindlu oqale Tarnet idabi ha. Ngelo xesha linye i uMarines, bexhaswa zokudubula, olwenziwe kunxweme ekucoceni.

Battle Ukugqitywa

Oktobha 23-25 Petsamo-Kirkenes ekhubekisayo wafudukela kwisigaba sokugqibela. BaseJamani ebaleka iindlela misela kwaye bevuthela kubo. Kuye kwaqatshelwa ukuba isantya kwangaphambili wabo 40 km / ngosuku. Ngelo xesha, uqhagamshelwano eSoviet ngexesha lasemini ndeyisayo malunga 8.5 km. October 25 emini enkulu endaweni yokubutha ephambili Kirkenes kwakukho intlanganiso nabantu basekuhlaleni. Emva kwakhe phantsi iingalo volleys, nokucula umhobe usodolophu iflegi Norwegian wavuswa. Ukusuka kuMntla Fleet Ubutyelwe 3 ukugaleleka Committe kufuphi nonxweme akumazantsi Varanger Fjord:

1. Kuloo matheku kunye Aresvuono Suolavuono Oktobha 18.
2. In Kobholm Fjord - 23 Oktobha.
3. In Holmengro Fjord - 25 Oktobha.

Zonke transfer ezintathu waba yimpumelelo yaye nempembelelo entle ekuhambeni edabini. October 27, amajoni eSoviet wangena Nautsi: 31 umzimba phantsi kobunkokheli uMajor General Absalyamova evela empumalanga, kwaye 127 uxhulumaniso legkostrelkovoe - evela entla. Utshaba, ukufudukela Kirkenes, ukumba zonke boom enkulu, wabatshabalalisa iindlela. Indlela eya sesixeko misela ukuba ngokupheleleyo, yasha yi kwebhulorho ukunqunyanyiswa. Noko ke, ngo-Oktobha 25, kwi-9 ekuseni, wangena amajoni eSoviet umzi. Yaphela kanjalo operation Petsamo-Kirkenes.

Nceda amadoda endawo

Kunye nokukhululwa zokuhlala ezininzi ngaphandle eSoviet Union inkxaso nomkhosi enikiweyo abahlali babo. Yaba kungekho ngaphandle kwaye Petsamo-Kirkenes ekhubekisayo. Iziphumo lebhu impi ngaphantsi impumelelo ukuba uncedo amadoda ekuhlaleni. Ngenxa yoko, kwanyanzeleka ukuba Yar Fjord baqhubeka amaphenyane lokuloba, kunye emanzini. Norwegian amathanda sizwe waya elwandle kwi motor-izikhephe ezimbini kunokuba luncedo olukhulu amajoni eSoviet. Basekuhlaleni lwahlangula amabutho lwezikhephe phantsi lomlilo lithwele amajoni ukuya kwelinye icala. Kule ndawo Elvenes Fjord ewela kummandla umkhosi Soviet kwafuneka aqale kwinqanaba lohlaselo kwakhona. 14 Division benza ekhokelwa zibuko emanzini eMfuleni. Oku kwakhona kwanceda amadoda Norwegian. Kwakhona, kwafika balapha kunye Beck Fjord. Ngenxa yoko Petsamo-Kirkenes operation iindawo ezinkulu ziye zakhululwa:

1. Svanvik.
2. Sandnes.
3. Munkelven.
4. Fosstord.
5. Trangsund.
6. Sturbukt.
7. Neiden.
8. Tarnet.
9. Langfordbotn.
10. Vokterbolig.
11. Bernevann.
12. Kroftfeterbukt.
13. Vierlunn.
14. Buholmen.

memory

Kwesimo Northern Fleet walahlekelwa xa capturing Liinhamari, wangcwatyelwa Cape Cross, ekupheleni kwaso, phezulu kakhulu. Le emangcwabeni iqulethe iintsalela kwabantu 20. Le tshe ubonakale kude. Kuyo kukho umqondiso apho bonke abafileyo zidweliswe ngegama. In Kirkenesse efakiweyo lesikhumbuzo ukuba ijoni eSoviet kunye umpu. Le lesikhumbuzo wenziwa ngu nomkroli Norwegian Fredriksen. I Elawulayo USSR Ephakamileyo eSoviet wasungula imbasa "Kuba Arctic ukuziphendulela." Lo mzobo ijoni yiSoviet kwi ikepusi kunye kwizikhuseli, idyasi lwegusha kunye umpu kwisiqalo lamatanki, moya kunye Unjengeenqanawa weenqanawa.