Treasure. Yintoni na ke iinqanawa eqwetyiweyo ubuncwane emhlabeni?

Omnye wale misebenzi romantic ufuna nezinto zembali. Yonke into eyafumaneka emhlabeni okanye cache, igama eqhelekileyo "ubuncwane" ebizwa. Yintoni na ke igolide, isiliva, amatye anqabileyo - konke ukwazi, kodwa xa kuqwalaselwa kuphela ukuba ubutyebi? Okokuqala, jonga kwi ixabiso le mbono.

Intsingiselo jikelele "yobuncwane"

Yintoni na ubutyebi ngendlela ebanzi? Ifihlakele nangayiphi na indlela izinto ezixabisekileyo. umnikazi wazo ayaziwa okanye walahlekelwa ilungelo kubo. Noko ke, le isiqu na indlu. Kukho nenye ngumqondo elibhekisele zakudala.

Treasure (uthetha into zakudala, sicinga) uneempawu zawo:

• It ithatha indawo enkulu;
• Le nkqubo ibandakanya izinto thuba linye;
• Oku kuquka izixhobo, izinto, izixhobo kunye nazo zonke izinto zidalwe ezithile umntu inkcubeko zakudala.

Archeologists abanomdla zonke izifundo abazifundayo umaleko zembali. Abo inxaxheba kumbiwa usiqeqeshela okusilungeleyo, banomdla kuphela avuleke ezixabisekileyo. Amaninzi into eyenziwe amatye anqabileyo. Zonke ezinye zokulwa yabo inkunkuma.

Uthini umthetho athini?

Imithetho kumazwe awahlukeneyo bobabo le ukufunyaniswa ngendlela yaso. Amaninzi, umnini ezafunyanwa lowo ongumnini ilizwe, yaye lowo ufumene. ERashiya, umzekelo, kukho mhlaba kunye umzingeli Masiyohlule yonke lanto ngokulinganayo. Kodwa ukuba umenzi ixabiso yobugcisa, urhulumente uthathela kulo yena, kodwa wafumana umnikazi, kwaye lendoda kubuyisela isiqingatha iindleko, nto leyo iya kubonisa ingcali.

ENgilani, kufuneka kwiintsuku ezili-14 ukuya ingxelo kokukhangela njengengavalwanga koko batshutshiswe. Iingcali ukufunda ubutyebi, kunye izigqibo zabo urhulumente uhlawula ukuba umnini kunye amagugu imbuyekezo ngokupheleleyo okanye ibuyisela fumene bakhe ukufumana.

E US ezininzi ithi Uyiqwebele kuwe iminyaka kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-100 ubudala, kwafunyaniswa ezweni karhulumente, ingqalelo ixabiso zakudala. Lingcwaba lomfo nabasemagunyeni kaRhulumente, apho wafunyanwa.

Kwihlabathi malunga ubuncwane bafumana kukho amabali ezahlukeneyo. Ubutyebi kuzo, njengokuba umthetho, kubekwe ixabiso eziphathekayo okanye kubugcisa. Ubukho kwezi ziphumo akusoloko yaqinisekisa mhaka.

izinto zakudala

Ubuninzi ebuncwaneni lwafumaneka kwi XIX-XX iinkulungwane. Abembi bezinto zakudala baseYurophu baye bafunda ummandla impucuko yamandulo eYiputa, India naseMzantsi Merika.

Ebuncwaneni onomtsalane (oko kukuthi - kakade) wafunyanwa ngo-2011 e-India. Kuthathwa ukuba ngeyabo abalawuli yokhuseleko, nto leyo eminyaka ziyimfumba zingazizinto etempileni. Kuqikelelwa wokufumana kwi US $ 20 billion.

Enye akukho ngaphantsi umdla kugqalwa ubuncwane ingcwaba Tutankhamen kaThixo. Umnyango wafunyanwa ngo-1922, kodwa kuphela ukuba ukungena kunyaka olandelayo. Ezafunyanwa kulondolozeke lomelele. Bona izilingo imisebenzi yobugcisa, izihombiso ezinamatye anqabileyo, sarcophagi eyenziwe ngegolide ecocekileyo, nto leyo umzimba kaFaro, nangaphezulu. Namhlanje emnyango wengcwaba ivaliwe kubakhenkethi ngenxa yotshintsho umaleko engaphandle kweendonga zayo.

"Igugu of Priam" - luxabisekile classic emhlabeni. Bafumanisa ukuba Heinrich Schliemann ngo-1873 ngexesha bemba edume Troy, kodwa ukufunyanwa asisiso eli xesha, iye khona ukuba amawaka eminyaka ngaphambili. Namhlanje, ebuncwaneni ebizwa ngokuba of Troy ise eMoscow (Pushkin Museum).

Ubuncwane sifile

Ukongezelela sushi, ubutyebi amaninzi afumaneka kwi emazantsi kweelwandle neelwandlekazi. Kunye zixhaphakile imikhumbi abantu abangeniswe yi umthwalo elinqabileyo emanzini. Abanye babo abarhaxwa ngexesha esiphangweni, ngabom kwibhodi okanye ukufaka Pirates, ngubani nazo bubuncwane.

Imikhumbi yazika, elinye iintlobo komile. Khangela ngabo kakhulu ngakumbi nzima, kuba kubo rhoqo akuso loo ndawo yengozi. Sibe nzima ingxaki kunye neendleko hambo ukuya olwandle.

Noko ke, iinqanawa zilandelayo ubuncwane kwibhodi kwafunyanwa:

• iifrigate Spanish zitshone 1804. Uphando lwakhe kwenkampani American ithathwa ebaluleke kakhulu embalini phakathi nasebuncwaneni kwamanzi. Sihamba ngo-2007 safumana iitoni zegolide zemali Spanish zesilivere. Le umthwalo kwafuneka sibuyele urhulumente iSpanish ngo-2012.
• Ubuncwane galleon "Atocha" (Spain), nto leyo esafunyanwa 1985, Mel Fisher. , Izixhobo kwenkulungwane ye-17 afunyanwa amakhulu zegolide ngaphezu kwewaka bullion zesilivere, izacholo.
• Russian cargo Galiota "Saint Michael" yafunyanwa ngo-1961 e-Finland. Enqanaweni zazenziwe amatye anqabileyo namatye, ezo ezazijoliswe likaElizabhete Collection iibhokisi igwada ngegolide, bukela ukuqokelelwa yegolide nesilivere, Meissen imveliso yephondo, zaba nemikrolo gilt buyo. Namhlanje, oko eFinland.