Ukubanjwa nokubulawa Louis 16, ukumkani France

Imbali ithi ezininzi yaseYurophu umdla kakhulu kwaye ulwazi, njengoko kangangeenkulungwane kwezo ndawo kwakukho iziganeko ezininzi: ukusuka funny ukuya ezibuhlungu. Le yokugqibela usebenza ekubulaweni ka-Louis 16. Mhlawumbi, ukususela ngaloo mzuzu iqala ibali ngendlela Fifth Republic of France. Ukufa wale kumkani ngonaphakade aphelise le yoohlohlesakhe republic French.

King ukubanjwa

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Louis ukumkani ngokwanelisayo liwuthobele. Ngokukodwa, wathobela iimfuno njengabalweli benguqu epheleleyo, wala neNgonyama ngokupheleleyo, uyavumelana ukumiselwa uhlobo siseko karhulumente. Kodwa ke ngelo xesha ezama ukubeka uxinzelelo phezu abalweli ekuchaseni iinguqulelo ezininzi olukhulu. Kungekudala silapho, kwabonakala ukuba elide ayikwazi ukuqhubeka.

Kakade ke, akukho namnye owakha kodwa wacinga ngexesha ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukubulawa Louis 16. Umhla yayo (21 Januwari 1793) waqalisa ukuba emva kwemini, emva koko kwiikumkani yaseYurophu ekugqibeleni waqonda ukuba, nabo, uzicingela.

Usapho yasebukhosini wakhetha ukuya kwelinye ilizwe. Le iyelenqe kwanikezelwa inxenye yabantu abaninzi esisondeleyo iintsuku ezimbalwa aba isicwangciso yokubhabha kakhulu kunalawo. Liyeza X isidlo umlawuli nentsapho ngaphandle ngokwaphula umthetho olandelwayo, wathetha enkundleni, koko bonke baya kulala ... Kodwa kuphela imbonakalo, njengoko indlu mlawuli kunye naye entlokweni yayo, esebenzisa iindinyana eyimfihlo, baphuma ebhotwe wahlala buyo.

moya yokuqala yenzeka njengoko kwanziwe izicwangciso, kodwa ngenxa yokuba uthando yokumkani intuthuzelo (leyo ixabisa ubuncinane bashiye iinqwelwana), inkqubo yayo yathatyathwa, yaye isixeko Varenna usapho lonke wabanjwa wabanjwa. Kungekudala emva koko, kwabakho ukubulawa Louis 16. Umhla kwesi siganeko eFransi namhlanje wayesoyikwa imini yenguqu lokugqibela uhlobo republic karhulumente.

Njani ukuba kwaqala

January 16, 1793 French Convention kuxoxwa umbuzo ezintathu ezinomdla kakhulu:

• Okokuqala, ukuba ukumkani waba netyala. 683 avotele ukuba amalungu ndibano, isigqibo phantse ngamxhelo mnye.
• Okwesibini, kunokuba nokuba nesigqibo sokutshintshela Isiphelo sakhe ezandleni zabantu? Njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili, isigqibo linye. Akukho abaninzi.
• Ekugqibeleni, yintoni isohlwayo kufuneka anyulwe ukumkani ... Oku kuphela umbandela apho uluvo yahlulwe. Ngexesha ukubulawa Louis 16 vo abantu 387 entolongweni - Abantu 334.

Ngenxa yoko, izimvo zabantu 53 yayibaluleke, Louis kunye Marie Antoinette wagwetywa ukufa. Ngaphandle koku, bekukho impikiswano eshushu yaqhubeka iintsuku eziliqela. Kodwa ngoJanuwari 19, yaba sisigqibo sokugqibela - ukwenza ukubulawa Louis 16 emini. Le ndlela iye onyuliwe njengesiqhelo, guillotining. Ngenxa yoko, ukubanjwa kunye nokubulawa Louis 16 zisetyenziswa kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa.

Indlela abasabela ngayo ukumkani?

Xa ukumkani wayevalelwe endlwini kaNdikhoyo. Emva kokufunda ngesigqibo weNkomfa yena, wacela ukuba iseli yakhe nqanda Abbe Edgeworth de Fremont. Njengoko kamva wakhumbula umbingeleli kwangayo, bobabini aba bodwa ngenxa iiyure eziliqela, njengoko ukumkani umothuko kakhulu luvo. Okokuqala, bobabini baziphalaza iinyembezi, kodwa kungekudala, Louis wafumana amandla ukuzola.

Wacela umbingeleli ukumxolela ngenxa ukubonisa indelicate kangaka ubuthathaka bakhe. King wavuma ukuba elide kangaka wahlala phakathi utshaba, ukuba uhlobo phantse isifundo kuphela abanyanisekileyo bemchukumisa nje. Emva koko, Louis wamema umphathi ukuba alandelane naye kwelo gumbi elandelayo. A umbingeleli unpleasantly wamangaliswa kuphilwa cabinet: phezu kweendonga zayo kwakungekho iphepha lodongo, ukufudumeza waphendula ngaphantsi zodongwe eziko, nempahla yonke kwakuba isibini izitulo kunye usofa encinane. Louis 16, ukumkani France (ukubanjwa kunye nokubulawa echaziweyo kwinqaku) watyala ngokwakhe phambi umphathi.

Ukuzisola ...

Louis wavuma ukuba wasala omnye kuphela kwimeko single ukuba ufuna isisombululo ngokukhawuleza. Umphathi wathi xa ngokukhankanywa iNkosana Orleans ukumkani ngokuqonda Bancwina ngokukrakra. Walila ukuba umzala wakhe yena ubasukelayo kwaye simnqwenelela ububi. Louis wamxolela umzala wakhe, wathi akazange afune ukuba nesikhundla sakhe, ngenxa yokuba "oko ekugqibeleni, uya kundingcatsha."

Kodwa incoko waphazanyiswa kwiKhomishoni yotshintsho olululo. Ukuba bayehla imigangatho ephezulu zentolongo kwafika ingxelo yokuba ukumkani wavumela utyelelo usapho.

Umhlangano nomndeni

Eyokuqala Wamana ezibhijabhija ukumkanikazi, ikwakhokela esandleni sonyana wakhe. Yakhe - Dade Elizabeth King. Bonke angena iingalo nguzwilakhe, kwaye kwimizuzu embalwa ezayo zingaba kuviwa kuphela wathandaza. Waza ke ukumkani wabiza bonke ukuba uqhubeke kwigumbi lokutyela.

Apho ke abazange bathethe, onke amalungu entsapho wadanduluka nje awolana. Lade lafika ixesha lokuba ntle. Queen kokushiya, wabuza Louis ngokuqinisekileyo kubona ngomso. Ngomhla ke ukumkani wathi protestations osuka yothando lwakhe olukhulu indlu yakhe waza wacela ukuba athandaze kuba thina kuye.

Kungekudala emva koko, uLouis wabuyela umphathi, le yokugqibela wathi ukuba yokumkani wothuka kakhulu luvo. Lo mfundisi wahlala naye de kube sebusuku, uze ecetywayo kuye uKumkani ukuphumla, njengoko waphawula fatigue nzulu. Nceku Clary iphaphile kwi kwebhedi ka kumkani, kwaye umphathi waya kuhlala kwigunjana, nto leyo edla umkhonzi ubuthongo. Yaphela kanjalo ngomhla wokugqibela. Ngentsasa elandelayo ukuze athathe indawo uphumezo Louis 16 ...

Ngentsasa ngomhla wokugqibela

Nceku King ndivuke ngentsimbi yesihlanu kusasa. Valet waqala ukuzilungisa 16 Louis, uKumkani waseFransi, kwangaxeshanye ezama ukubeka ebengumsesane yokuthethathethana, nto leyo idla obufihlwe umlindo epokothweni. Emva koko, waphinda wathumela ukuba umphathi, awawathethayo iyure yonke. Xa ugqibile oku, umbingeleli kwenziwe uMthendeleko, uKumkani lonke elo xesha wema amadolo kumgangatho ebalelelwe lilanga.

Kwakubonakala ukuba Louis sizolile kakhulu. Le umphathi ngexesha kokuba uKumkani, yaye xa ibuya, ubona njengoko uguqa ecaleni isitovu umzimba wakhe neentshukumo in kukungcangcazela. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokucace ngakumbi ukusa idlabhuzwe esibhakabhakeni kusasa, yaye lonke Paris ibetha amagubu. Phakathi esixhenxe yesibhozo kusasa abalindi baya enkqonkqoza elucangweni yeseli, ukufumana pretexts ezahlukeneyo kulo. Ngelo xesha ndaziva Louis 16? kubulawa kakumkani ukuba kwenzeke nje ezimbalwa iiyure, kodwa ngenxa yokuba Wayesoyika ukuze uqinisekise.

Kungekudala ukuba ukubetha endleleni ...

Le Louis waphawula ngoncumo ukuba nabalindi bakhe, kuyabonakala ukuba, ukoyika, ngokungathi owayesakuba ukumkani wabo akazange athathe ityhefu okanye ukuzibulala ngezinye iindlela. Ngentsimbi yesibhozo ukuya nokumkani kufika amalungu kamasipala wengingqi. Ukumkani wabanika yomnqophiso wakhe osemthethweni kunye yokugqibela uLouis zakhe 125, nto leyo ke athi acelwe ukuba anikezele enye abatyalwayo. Ezinye iindwendwe ekuqaleni baziphethe ngekratshi, kodwa ke nobabo ukwenza zonke izicelo encinci kukumkani. Ngoko Louis 16, nto leyo ithabatha indawo kungekudala sentambo, baziphethe nesidima ngokuphawulekayo kwaye ezolile.

Emva koko wabuza nabalindi bakhe, "ukuba ukubandezeleka imizuzu embalwa," yaye kwakhona lihambe liye umbingeleli. Walahla ngamadolo wambuza ukuba amsikelele, ngenxa yokuba ucinga ukuba kuvela nje phambi koYehova ...

Emva kwemizuzu embalwa emnyango kwakukho ngezwi elikhulu, sifunda uLouis imfuneko ukuya. "Kulungile, masihambe", - uye wavuma kukumkani. Walawula cwaka eningenakukholwa njengoko buyo qhuba wagwetywa i Revolution Square. Itheko kwisangqa iye nencwadi imipu, ezazithunyelwe ukukhuphela ngqo sihlwele. Izizathu inkqubo enjalo, njengoko abaninzi babebukele, yaye nabo ngokwabo bexhobele amazinyo. msinyane kakhulu njengoKumkani ukuthatha indawo uphumezo Louis 16 eFransi ...

Le mizuzu yokugqibela kaKumkani yobomi bakhe

Xa wayeka nempahla, inkosi, kumbingeleli Wajika, wathi: "Ndicinga ukuba sele ufikile." Umnyango wenqwelwana yalivulayo elinye wabasiki. King ukwala kancinane gendarmes, baya kuqala, wathi bakhangela emva umphathi emva kokufa kwakhe, yaye akukho namnye livumelekile ukuba abulawe.

King wenyuka itheko ngokwakhe, ufakele umlenze wakhe ngokuqinileyo. Ngeli xesha igubu babethwa kakubi kangangokuba Louis wamemeza cwaka. umsindo yakhe kangangokuba esingathenwanga ngokwakhe, ukuhlala kwimpahla shirt, ibhulukwe iikawusi. Kwafika wabasiki kukumkani ngenjongo ukubopha, kodwa wandiyeka kubo, wathi yena akayi kuphazamisana ngokubulawa, kodwa kwabonakala ukuba nobuganga ukusebenzisa amandla.

Xa ufuna inkxaso, Wajika wakhangela umbingeleli. Le umphathi wathi uKumkani uLouis-nkolo 16 kufuneka ukumelana, kuba ukuthobeka kumenza akhangele njengoKristu. Ukuphendula, lo mlawuli waqalisa intetho yakhe apho usuke wabaxolela bonke, wabiza awanyanzele-ntle yaseFransi. Kodwa ukubulawa uKumkani uLouis 16 Kwathi ngokukhawuleza kunokuba wayengathi nto.

Indlela buphela

Ngelo xesha, Jikelele Santerre, owayalela nokuthathelwa, latsiba ehashini lakhe phambili. Wakhwaza imiyalelo, igubu yambetha kwakhona, kwaye wabasiki zawa phezu uPhilip, ezama nizibophe ukuba ebhodini. Ekubeni kwakukho ezintandathu kubo, ukulwa phezu ngokukhawuleza. IBhodi eqhotyoshelwe kuso Louis wabeka phantsi imela ezisisigxina ukufa.

Umbingeleli walunguza kuye, elisebezayo, "Nyana ka St. Louis, kunyuka aye ezulwini." Ngeli xesha umxhomi buye imela ka ukufa, a thud ukuba laziwayo kwisikwere. A mzuzu kamva, isihlwele wakhwaza, umntu bellowed: "Uzuko kwi Republic:" Enye wabasiki bazixhasa intloko ndanahlula bembonisa ukuba abantu olulwayo lwadamba. kwenzeka Utsho uphumezo Louis 16 eFransi. Yaba iiyure 9 kwimizuzu eli-10 kusasa January 21, 1793.