Ukufunda ilifa ubugcisa: Pushkin, "Ntombi I Yomphathi"

Pushkin ayikho kuphela Ekuthwaseni imibongo yethu yesizwe kodwa iprozi. imisebenzi zakhe esikhulu ilungelo labo, kwaye umzekelo iitekisi eziyinyani, nasengqondweni, nto leyo ukudibanisa ubulumko lwesemantiki, ubaluleko amabinzana, abalinganiswa kumfanekiso ukuchana, avulekile, nobubele, sithemba ulwalamano kubafundi.

ukubhala ibali

sengqondo abaziphethe nangentlonelo kwimbali nosapho lwakhe, ilizwe lakhe, 'uthando eluthuthwini zomthonyama "- oku yonke Pushkin. "Ntombi I Yomphathi" umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala kwimixholo zembali kwiincwadi Russian. Ngaphambi nokupapashwa fiction yayo Russian ukuba ikhe ngokupheleleyo, eyonwabisayo. Kodwa nokuqulethileyo wanciphiswa iziqephu angaqondakaliyo yaye eloyikekayo, yenziwe kwisakhelo knembali yokungqubana zitolikwe ngokukhululekileyo. indlela eyahlukileyo waya Pushkin. "Ntombi I Yomphathi" waba - ukuba zamabali zembali kunye iyelenqe umzobo etsomo le ngobomi uPetros Grinyova kunye ingqondo Mironova - nje sizoku apho kuvela ngokucacileyo kwaye ngokucacileyo inani oyintloko bali - a mvukeli enemvukelo Emelyan Pugachev. Iziganeko le mvukelo yamahlwempu nemfazwe yabantu imfazwe emva kweminyaka 1773-75 kwakhe. - ukuba umbandela isifundo, emi ngqondweni kunye engqondweni yombhali. Yiloo nto kangaka kakhulu kwaye ngenkuthalo wasebenza yokugcina Pushkin. "Ntombi I Yomphathi" wadalwa emva kohambo yombhali ukuya Urals, kuloo ndawo apho kwake "Peter III of", njengoko ngokuba yena Pugachev. Alexander wabhala zamaqhawe "kulawula Emelka", ingoma malunga nayo, le ntsomi eziye abadlulayo ngomlomo kwamangqina kunye nxaxheba kwiziganeko. Zonke izinto eziqokelelweyo ukunceda umbhali ukudala ngelaphu eyinyaniso ngokwenene zembali, yapapashwa umba lowu "Contemporary" ngo-1836. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli wazo ayinayo Pushkin: "Ntombi I Yomphathi" kwakuyinto umsebenzi bavukela, nkqu isahluko eyahlukileyo, nto leyo ichaza imvukelo abalimi grinovskoy iilali ifakiwe kwitekisi Sisonke na.

Le tula lwendaba

Khumbula iingongoma sebali iyintloko yomsebenzi. Etha egameni main (yokudlala) ubhalo - Peter Hrinova. Yena umnumzana omdala, ompofu. Uyise, igosa umhlala wamajoni, indoda imithetho engqongqo, nangokomgaqo ngokunyaniseka, uthumela unyana wakhe ukukhonza amabutho elikude kuloo ndoda, ukuba sibe umlinganiswa kwaye, kuba okhuselayo lokwenyaniso ukholo lwamaKristu, tsar kunye labo. Ngoko ke ibali Pushkin kaThixo "Ntombi I Yomphathi" kuphakamisa, kwelinye icala, ezifanelekileyo elo xesha isihloko zezemfundo ulutsha yezikhulu, kunye, kwelinye icala, umxholo udumo kunye nesidima ukholo ngokwayo, ikhowudi yayo yokuziphatha, oko akucingayo. Ukuba zizalisekiswe kwi amazwi okugqibela uthethe Petrusha uyise kwi ekwahlukaneni: ". Khathalela yozuko kwasebutsheni bakhe ' Endleleni eya Fort Belogorsk, emva adventures ezahlukeneyo, ngoxa isaqhwithi emathafeni Grinyov idibana nabo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ikusasa lakhe - to Pugachev, ngoko - hobo-umcebisi. Kuvela "Internet" umvundla lwegusha uya kukhonza kungekudala Petrusha inkonzo elungileyo. Le nqaba ne Grinyova kwakukho iziganeko ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo eziye zaba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo malunga nokumiselwa nembonakalo yakhe yokuziphatha nangokwasengqondweni. Of ignoramus emxinwa-nye ke iba reserved ukunyaniseka umntu, kakhulu, ngokufanelekileyo, ngokundilisekileyo amanene. imizekelo ezicacileyo yale aba neentlobano zokwazana ingqondo, isenzo nokukhuselwa nqaba nabathinjiweyo olugcinwe yi Pugachev, ukuziphatha kweli isiphelo, apho umntu oselula Olahlwe Shvabrin. Kodwa "umfundi astute," kwakucacile ukuba umntu ephambili ngemisebenzi Pushkin kaThixo, "Ntombi I Yomphathi" Nangoku Grinyov okanye ingqondo, nkqu "inkosikazi elungileyo" UCatherine II, yaye "nesabasilaleleyo ngecala kunye brigand" Kazak Emelyan. Lowo ushiya ephila uPetros, ukuba ukwazi ukuqonda kunye nokuqonda isibindi ngayo; Usindisa Shvabrin ingqondo, intombi abachasi bakhe; yaneliseka ithamsanqa labo elungileyo.

Major isebenza izihloko

Inoveli "Ntombi I Yomphathi" - umsebenzi ezininzi. Njengoko ingqalelo iingxaki zentlalo kunye yembali ocalu-Petrine. Longquzulwano lukarhulumente kunye nabantu, ukuba lobuzwilakhe sengqondo kubantu - konke oku kubonakaliswa kakhulu ngokucacileyo ngokubonakalayo. Izihloko ephakanyiswe ibali, ingabalelwa jikelele, eqhelekileyo kuluntu lonke. Yinto Kuliqhayiya, ukuthembeka eluthandweni kunye nobuhlobo, ububele, ubunyulu ngokomoya. Kwaye umxholo we inyaniso, nto leyo ngaphezu nangokodidi nezinye ubandlululo.