Umnyama isithixokazi eGrisi yamandulo, ngokuya kwiintsomi. Ngubani amaGrike amandulo ebizwa isithixokazi umnyama?

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kumaxesha amandulo kwakungekho ukholo nawuphi na uthixo mnye, abantu bakholwa oothixo abaninzi, nemikhosi yazo ezinxulumene endalo. Kwaye zonke izizwe, nokuba i nokuxubana, amaGrike, Roma, Teutons, Gauls nezinye izizwe oothixo bazo kwakukho.

Greece yamandulo

Eli lizwe yamandulo ukhunjulwa kule mini ngenxa yokuba inkcubeko lwalo. Hellas waba ikhaya zobulumko ezininzi odumileyo zamandulo, ababhali, ogama imisebenzi baziwa namhlanje, izazinzulu abathe benza igalelo elikhulu inzululwazi ixesha. Kwakhona, abaninzi banomdla kwiintsomi zamandulo zamaGrike. It iqulathe amabali ezininzi ezinomdla malunga oothixo, Titans, namaqhawe yokusebenza ezahlukeneyo iimfazwe yamandulo kunye neminye imicimbi. A ezininzi oothixo watshintshela ezivela kwiintsomi zamaGrike wamaRoma phantsi kwezinye amagama.

oothixo Olympus

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yahlawulwa neentsomi yamandulo eGrisi, Kakade ke, oothixo-Olimpiki, oko kukuthi unamandla kakhulu. Ezabhalwa ngayo elona nani likhulu amabali.

Phakathi koothixo ababehlala phezu engcwele kwiNtaba Olympus, baba Aphrodite - isithixokazi uthando lobuhle; Apollo - uthixo zobugcisa; Artemis - uthixokazi wenzala, ezingela nobunyulu, abakhusela bemvelo zonke izinto eziphilayo; Athena - uthixokazi ubulumko qhinga; Themis, ibumntwisisa ubulungisa; Ares - uthixo imicimbi wamajoni; Hephaestus - mkhandi uthixo umlilo umxhasi; NguHermes - uthixo yorhwebo ubuqili; YayinguDionysus - uthixo iwayini iziyunguma; Demeter - uthixokazi wenzala kunye nomkhuseli lwamafama; Hadesi - umxhasi ubukumkani kwabafileyo; Hestia - isithixokazi eziko nomlilo yemibingelelo.

Kaloku, eyona ibaluleke oothixo phezu kwentaba Olympus baba, njengokuba usazi, uZeyus i Thunderer kunye nomfazi wakhe zekhompyutha. Ngokutsho amavo, oko vika libhinqa ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana kwaye waye patroness ngomtshato nobomi bentsapho. Kwakhona kwi Olympus kufuphi uTshawe osoloko isithixokazi yomnyama Iris, umthunywa wakhe, ngelo na moment Mafikeng was ukulungele ukwenza nawuphi na umyalelo ofunekayo yothixokazi omkhulu. Yena wema ecaleni itrone zekhompyutha kunye enamandla ilindelwe imiyalelo yakhe.

Njengoko kuboniswe isithixokazi umnyama ukusuka amaGrike?

Iris, ngokutsho kwiintsomi zamaGrike, namaphiko. Isithixokazi umnyama zidla uvezwa indebe yodwa yamanzi esandleni sakhe. ukuba ithe yanikezelwa ngamafu emanzini.

Iris njengento isithunywa oothixo Olympian, umxolelanisi phakathi kwabo kunye nabantu. KwanamaGrike ukuba kanye njengokuba umnyama inxulumanisa umhlaba ezulwini, uthixokazi Iris exhuma abantu kunye noothixo-onamandla onke. Ekubeni wenza umsebenzi umthunywa, babezotywa ephaphazelayo yakhe phezu kwamaphiko akhe amakhulu. Kwakhona, kunjalo nje zifumaneka manani, okunikezelwe zekhompyutha.

Yeyiphi oko ogama lakhe behlonipha isithixokazi umnyama?

Ngokutsho legend mnye, behlonipha Iris ngokuba iris intyatyambo entle. Ilivo ithi le isityalo ekuthiwa ezaziwayo-kakuhle isazinzulu ngezinto zakudala noHippocrates.

Kwakhona imbeko nkulunkulu yena igama Ibhanti, elivulwe ngo-1847.

Ukongeza, imbeko umnyama ekuthiwa iridium yinto efunekayo lweekhemikhali kokuqaqamba iikhompawundi zalo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, umchiza ezi athom element kunye atom fluorine komanzi ukukhanya, iodine - emnyama, iodine atom - ebomvu, sodium kunye bromine - Purple, potassium kunye fluorine - ezimhlophe njalo njalo. Iridium ngokwayo kwimo yayo enyulu inombala yesilivere.

Iinkolelo ezithetha Iris

Kwanetempile yothixokazi yesiGrike umnyama isebenza umthunywa, ethumela abantu iindaba ezivela oothixo. Nayiphi na intsomi ekhethekileyo apho uza kuba wenza njengoko ayisekho umlinganiswa ophambili. Uthixokazi Iris ukhona zeemposiso ye Argonauts, kwaye isoloko abakhankanywe ibali kaTrojan War. Iintsomi malunga imfazwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo wenza njengoko sinjalo isithunywa woothixo. Ngokukodwa, isithixokazi yomnyama Wabonakala phambi Menelaus, ukumkani Spartan, ukuba azi ukuba umfazi wakhe Elena bashiya isigodlo, kunye eParis, unyana kakumkani uTroy. Kwakhona egameni oothixo Olympian Iris Trojans bazisa iindaba ukuba amathathu kufutshane amajoni ezininzi Achaeans. Rainbow yothixokazi wavela phambi Elena njenge intombi Priam - ukumkani uTroy. Wakwenza ukuba simenze kwenqaba e Skeyskih esangweni, apho bekuqukene khona ukubona zokucwangcisa ka Paris kunye Menelaus. Ukongeza, umyalelo uthixokazi Iris Zeus bayalelwa ukuba bayeke ukusebenza emfazweni, Poseidon, ngubani wathabatha icala Achaeans. Iris uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo okhankanywe kumjikelo yeentsomi kaTrojan War.

Iris nenzalo

rainbow isithixokazi amaGrike, ngokutsho kwiintsomi wabo, intombi thaumas (yolwandle-uthixo imimangaliso) kunye Oceanides Electra. Ngathi yimbonakalo yomnyama obakhoyo efini akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwemvula, yaye imvelaphi Iris kunxulumene koothixo amanzi.

oodade bayo baba Harpies - izidalwa amanwele wasentsomini ilinde eTartaro. Ezi zidalwa, ngokutsho iintsomi zamandulo zamaGrike, akwazi ukuba umphefumlo.

umnyama uthixokazi waye unina ka Eros - isithixo uthando, Aphrodite, bakhonza njengoko nomncedisi ukuhamba naye kuyo yonke indawo. Kwakhona ngoku kwiintsomi laseRoma cupid.

Zephyr waye eyindoda Iris - enye ezine koothixo umoya namandla kwintshona yehlabathi. Ukusuka kwakhe wazala Eros.

Uthixokazi Iris zobuciko

umnyama isithixokazi e Greece zidla achazwa ezahlukeneyo imikrolo kunye nemizobo. Bona becala imifanekiso abazinikele yothixokazi kakhulu ezinamandla - zekhompyutha, umthunywa ogama Iris. Amaninzi oko lwalupayintiwe amaphiko luhlaza eziphaphazelayo okanye emi ecaleni patroness yakhe zekhompyutha.

Njengokuba inkangeleko engundoqo uthixokazi umnyama zimelwe kulo mdlalo elaseAkaya Eretriyskogo "Iris."

Ukongeza, le thixo kwakhona isebenza omnye abadlali ze imisebenzi comedy of Aristophanes ' "Le Birds" intlekele "uMofokeng" ezibhalwe UEuripides.

Greek isithunywa yothixokazi enikelwe umzobo ngu uPierre Narcisse Guérin "Iris and Morpheus," yena wadala ngo 1811. Lo mzobo isithixokazi umnyama kunye ezinamaphiko Greek uthixo ubuthongo.

Yomnyama zeemposiso kunye neenkolelo zabanye abantu

Xa neentsomi lwamazwe ezahlukeneyo kunye nezizwe umnyama anikwe indima ebalulekileyo. It liphathelene ngokubanzi kunye ibhulorho phakathi kwezulu nomhlaba, unxulumano phakathi kwabantu abaqhelekileyo kunye noothixo engafiyo.

Xa nokuxubana yamandulo kwakukho inkolelo yokuba umnyama - yindlela apho imiphefumlo ndiyinyuse efileyo ezulwini. Ugxininiso efanayo yabekwa umnyama kwaye kwiintsomi kubaphangi.

Kunye umnyama na ezinye iinkolelo umdla esilindelweyo abaninzi. Ngenxa yoko, Celtic babekholelwa ukuba emva isaqhwithi kakhulu kwi ndawo phantsi umnyama inokufumaneka wangcwatyelwa ebuncwaneni emhlabeni.

Ngokutsho amavo Indian kunye namabali, ibe yindawo apho bonke imibala eqaqambileyo umhlaba emva entlahleni yayo-obufutshane emhlabeni.

Xa izizwe ezininzi Slavic, kukho kwakhona uphawu: xa umfazi wazala abantwana besini esifanayo ngaphezulu nakanye, umzekelo, amantombazana kuphela, kufuneka uye ichibi, obunokumhlela apho umnyama, uze usele ngamanzi. Ke umntwana elandelayo iza kuba ezinye i sex.

Xa iconography zamaKristu, umnyama luphawu yenceba kaThixo kunye nobulungisa.

Xa iintlanga Muslim ekholelwa ukuba kukho umnyama wenziwe imibala emine (obomvu, omthubi, oluhlaza, bhlowu) kwaye unxulunyaniswa izakhi ezine.

Noko ke, nangona ubuhle bayo, ayikho abantu bonke umnyama kubonwa njengento elungileyo. Umzekelo, Malaysians bakholelwa ukuba xa umntu wenziwa phantsi kwalo; ngoko ke ndiza kugula kakhulu. Thina Hungarians kukho umqondiso ukuba ayikwazi zicaciswe kwi umnyama umnwe njengoko ubune. ENicaragua kunye Honduras, umnyama ayamkelwa nokuba ukubukela, ingakumbi abantwana.