Uviwo kwesibindi: uluhlu iindlela

Ukuba uqala uqaphele efakwe apha ecaleni kwakhe, umlomo wakhe wabonakala incasa ekrakra, amaxesha amaninzi kungekho sizathu uqalisa ukuziva ugula, ngoko kusenokwenzeka ukuba le ngxaki esibindini. Kodwa musa ukuqalisa ukufunda amagqabi eti kwaye uthathe iziyobisi ibhengeziwe. Kulungile ukuba umntu onjalo ingcali yaye tirhisa nokuhlolwa esibindini. Kuphela emva kokufunda iziphumo neemvavanyo ultrasound, CT, MRI, scan radioisotope okanye biopsy, unganika unyango oluchanekileyo.

Gcwalisa wegazi

Ngokuqhelekileyo inyathelo lokuqala kwiimviwo kwesibindi - hlaziya. Kuqala kwinto zonke, oogqirha njalo amisele uvavanyo lwegazi eqhelekileyo. Olu phando elula obalatha ingxaki ethile, kodwa ke kuya kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa ubukho umtshiso umzimba. Ke xa loo ukwehla zegazi ukubala, oko kuthathwa hepatitis wentsholongwane egazini kuba miseka iiseli zesibindi.

eziphilayo

Kuya kufuneka ukuba anike ngaphezu igazi apho iphuma khona, apho enzyme zesibindi (aspartate aminotransferase kunye aminotransferase alanine) iya kumiselwa. Le kulingwa inika isalathiso imifinya iseli umonakalo, nto leyo evumela enzayim ezithile cellular ukusuka kwesibindi egazini. UNorma ezi enzyme - ngaphantsi kwe 41 U / L ALT. Ukuba kuyedlulwa, oku kube ngumqondiso sohlobo lweemo ezahlukeneyo. Olu hlahlelo ibizwa ngokuba ngamachiza igazi. Oku kwenza ukuba ukujonga umlinganiselo ALT, AST, ukuchonga obrak phosphatase kunye yibilirubin amanqanaba ukujonga, ukuqikelela uyazikhomba gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Ngokutsho uhlalutyo ixhomekeke izikhombisi ngaphezu kwama-40.

ultrasound

Into ebalulekileyo iimviwo Inqanaba isibindi - ultrasound. Cuke diagnosis ivumela ukucwangcisa ubungakanani wesibindi kunye nenyongo lwesinye. Indlela ibonisa utshintsho kwentamo ezifana hepatotoxicity, nazo zonke iintlobo-pancreatitis, ukuqina. Ngokomzekelo, xa gepatoze emzimbeni iya kuba amabala ezibonakalayo amafutha. Hepatocytes namanqatha babe ezixineneyo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba umfanekiso ultrasound uya kukhangela exakayo. Yaye kuphuhliso iiseli izifo zesibindi uya kutshintshwa kuze kufakwe kwizicwili, ultrasound bonisa iimpawu abanesigulo.

Ngokuphathelele utshintsho focal, isibindi kunye neemviwo ultrasound kubonisa ngokucacileyo izabelo kunye mninzi kakhulu, nto leyo inokuba hemangioma, adenoma, umhlaza kuwenza, calcifications. indlela kwakhona ikuvumela ukugqiba ngokuchanileyo sehla iindawo echogenicity asenokubonisa ubukho nee-, lymphoma, ithumba okanye hematoma.

Emva kokuhlolisisa data, ugqirha akayi kuba nako ukwenza ukuxilongwa, kodwa sichaza indlela iimviwo ngakumbi ophezu kwesibindi, ngaphandle iinketho ebacekisile.

Kumguli, isifundo enjalo elula ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ufuna uqeqesho encinane, ukuphelisa flatulence.

scintigraphy computer Isotope isixhobosovavanyo lwemifanekiso

iindlela zale mihla iimviwo kwesibindi ziquka radioisotope isixhobosovavanyo lwemifanekiso okanye imizimba ngaphezulu afanelekileyo scintigraphy inkqubo yekhompyutha equka isibindi, senyongo kunye imibhobho. Indlela yokuqala sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi yezonyango ukususela 60s kwangethuba kwaye siphelelwa ukufaneleka. Indlela yesibini esanda kwaye sele wazuza ngokuthandwa phakathi diagnosticians. Uphononongo inika umlinganiselo ukusebenza komzimba, ukufumanisa ubukhulu bayo, ukuba ukuchonga nangezilonda, ukumisa ubukho iinkqubo ezingapheliyo.

Scintigraphy lwenziwa usebenzisa sulphur colloidal (okanye ezinye izinto eziphilayo), onombhalo kunye technetium eqhumayo 99. I-Isotope eqhumayo yenziwa nesigulana butofelwe okanye inhalation. Emva koko, usebenzisa iikhamera wesigrike zokuva imitha, oko aguqulwa ze idluliselwe kwi-computer. Umfanekiso uza emva komnye kunye nombala. Le saveyi kuthatha imizuzu engama-30, sivumele ugqirha ukukhangela umsebenzi lomzimba ukufumana ulwazi malunga ngezifo.

ayisuse Isotopic kwakhona kwenzelwa imizuzu 30-40, kodwa ufuna isigulane ukugqibezela nokungakwazi. umfanekiso ntathu siboniswe ephepheni, kunokuba kwikhusi. Lo mbala imigca mnyama.

Zombini iindlela zophando ziqhutywa ungatyanga. Enye uqeqesho olulodwa iyafuneka.

CT ne MRI

Kukho iindidi ezimbini ngakumbi mihla, kodwa sidla imali ngakumbi indlela iimviwo zesibindi - computer kunye nemagnethi ekuvakaleni kwelizwi Itomography. CT lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa-X-reyi. Isiphumo inkqubo izimisele imifanekiso elinambini (izilayi tye) evumela ukumisela indawo kunye nobukhulu izilonda. Ngaphandle ugqirha uyakwazi ukuvavanya uhlobo ngayo le ngxaki, ukuze abone ukuba likuchaphazela njani na emzimbeni ezingqongileyo. CT elawulwa bethengisa senyongo obstructive, cysts, isibindi kwentlungu, hemorrhages, hematomas, ukuqina kunye nangezilonda.

MRI ke kufanele ingqalelo indlela echanekileyo woviwo kwesibindi kunye namanye amaziko. Magnetic intlokoma umfanekiso ibhaqa yamathumba ngokuchanekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, nkqu ubukhulu encinane kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, ngexesha nkqubo, oko kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba ukuhlola ithumba, kodwa ukumisela umlinganiswa yayo, ukubona metastases ukuvavanya patency iimpahla, ukubona utshintsho kwentamo, ukuseka izinga kwesibindi nangaphezulu. Le saveyi iya kuqhutywa ngendlela izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana kwitonela. Le nkqubo ithatha imizuzu engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu.

Uxilongo Zenziwe okanye ngaphandle umahluko ngayo. Indlela ikhuseleke kakhulu ukuba izigulane, kodwa ke ifuna ukuba ulawulo bezinto yesinyithi. Kufuneka ngokudubula yonke kunye nezinto nokuhombisa, kunye zokuncedisa ukuva, kunye amazinyo emboleko. MRI phambi amanxeba eziyingozi, iiklip zesinyithi okanye nezikhonkwane nesincedisi-ntliziyo kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokubonisana ngakumbi nogqirha.

biopsy

A biopsy inika ithuba izigqibo aetiology esi sifo, isigaba wayo, kwaye umgangatho umonakalo omzimba. Kuba analysis sithathwa iqhekeza esiqwini ophilileyo, ethunyelwa ukuba histological (izihlunu), cytological (iseli) okanye uviwo bacteriological.

Kukho ezininzi iintlobo biopsy kwesibindi:

• kwenzakalani;
• ngeminqweno ne ultrasound;
• transvenous;
• Laparoscopy.

Kuba isibindi routine biopsy amalungiselelo kuqala ngemihla 7 yokugqibela. Nomonde kufuneka ayeke ukuthatha NSAIDs nokuthintela kokwamkelwa anticoagulants. iintsuku ezi-5 ukusuka ekutyeni ayibabandakanyi ukutya ukwandisa flatulence. Iintsuku ezi-3 uqale ukwamukela "Espumizan". Inkqubo lwenziwa ungatyanga.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba isigulane kufuneka siqonde - xa kuthe intlungu kunye neempawu ezingemnandi ukucothise ikhwelo ugqirha ayinakwenzeka. Kuyimfuneko ukuba enze uhlolo kwesibindi. Apho ukuba kukuba isigqibo gqirha, njengoko kuza kufuneka umfanekiso ngokupheleleyo imeko omzimba. Khumbula ukuba, uninzi iingxaki zinokunyangeka abanaluncedo ngexesha.