Yintoni Central Isitolo somnyango? ziqonde izifinyezo

Kuthetha ukuthini TSUM (okotshiweyo izifinyezo), e ngamaxesha Soviet, wonke umntu wayesazi, akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni yinxalenye waseUSSR, waphila. Ngapha koko, eli lizwi, kwakunye gum, kwakufana kwiparadesi yabathengi, apho kwenzeka ukuba bathenge yonke into. Njengoko ibali zazivelela cum yaye kwenzeka ntoni kuye namhlanje?

Yintoni iSebe Store

Kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini oko kuthethwa zezi ncwadi ezintathu.

Ukutolikwa ezisemthethweni elithi "cum" - ivenkile isebe engundoqo. Esi sihloko lelinye lamaziko zokuthenga likhulu kwimbali Soviet kunye Russian Federation mihla, sise kuhlangana ul. Petrovka kunye Theatre Square eMoscow.

Le ndawo yokuthengisa zizonke yeziko (ngokuxhomekeka kumgangatho) - 69 ezikwere zeekhilomitha, leyo namhlanje yenza cum kwelinye lamaziko shopping inkulu eYurophu, nakwihlabathi jikelele.

Kwakhona, kukho omnye utoliko elithi "cum" - isebe umbindi eMoscow. Elikholisa ukubizwa ngokuba iindwendwe evenkileni, ngubani ngawo onke amaxesha ikhona Obumbe abathengi isambuku. Noko ke, le mibhalo akunjalo ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yokuba ukususela ekuqalisweni intlaka na ibisoloko ingqalelo zokuthengwa bethanda eMoscow.

Imbali ye-Central yeSebe Store phambi 1917

Ukuba iyitshinizele nesibakala sokuba Central iSebe Store, exabisa ukufumanisa ngakumbi ngembali yaso, kuba ngamaxesha ayo ahlukeneyo, waba njalo ngundaba-mlonyeni.

De kwinkulungwane XIX. kuBukhosi Russian kwakungekho ezineevenkile ukuqonda namhlanje wabo. Ihlwempu nabakumgangatho ophakathi merchandised ezivenkileni, ezimarikeni okanye ivenkile ezincinane ezikhethekileyo, ngelixa abameli ukuba iimpahla elite azizityebi wenza ukuba odola, okanye kwamanye amazwe.

Ngowe-1857 eRashiya weza 2 ngusomashishini Scottish - Endryu Myur kunye Archibald Meriliz. Ukuyohlala ilizwe elitsha, kwiminyaka embalwa kamva noosomashishini wavula zokuthunga encinane.

Izinto babe labadla ngayo "Myur and Meriliz" ngokukhawuleza wenyuka endulini, oosomashishini baqalisa ngokuthe bandise lwamashishini zayo, ukuyivula ngakumbi kunye namasebe ngakumbi. Ude ufike kwisigqibo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuvula iziko shopping eyakhe-stop, benza.

Ngu 1888-1889 biennium. stop shop "Myur and Meriliz" besebenza ngokupheleleyo kwaye sele wazenzela igama elihle. Apha uyakwazi ukuthenga azibizi (ukuba abakumgangatho ophakathi), iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, basemzini nje kuphela kodwa abenzi Russian. Ukongezelela, kwabakho inkqubo ivenkile nokubuya okanye utshintshiselwano impahla, ngokunjalo kweenkonzo, ebinokuthi ukuthumela ukuthenga, nkqu kwiidolophu ezikufuphi. Ukongeza, kwixesha elizayo TSUM wavelisa ikhathalogu onyaka, apho zinoku-odolwa ngeposi.

Noko ke, impumelelo "Myur kunye Meriliz" ayikwazi kodwa kuvusa nomona ngoosomashishini ayiphumeleli. Ngoko ke, ngokwesithethe endala Russian, kabini okhuphisana bazama ukutshisa-stop shop of iScots (1892 no-1900). Kukho amarhe okuba oku ngandlel sihlobene "inkampani imfuyo joint imiqolo Ukurhweba Upper kwi Red Square e Moscow" (gum elizayo), ngelo xesha nje ukucwangcisa eyakho kwiziko labo ezivenkileni.

Phezu kwayo yonke loo maqhinga bagqatswa, Muir kunye Meriliz ngexeshana elifutshane nje bakwazi ukwakha ivenkile yakhe, kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa wakuphendula enkulu isakhiwo esinemigangatho eli-esixhenxe, ezaba phambili pre-olululo eMoscow. ubuhle bayo, intuthuzelo isilungiseleli seglosi umdla ingqalelo ngokupheleleyo onke amacandelo oluntu. abemi abazizityebi kungena "kunye Myur Meriliz" ukuthenga into, nabo abo bangakwazanga imali, baye batyelela engoovimba, ngathi lo mboniso kamnandi.

ISebe Store ngexesha pre-imfazwe Soviet

Emva kokuba revolution kunye ukufika kwamandla eSoviet iziko ezivenkileni "Myur and Meriliz" waba ngokuzithandela yaye wanyanzelelwa ngaphandle nobunini karhulumente, yaye ngo-1922 waba ngokutsha ngokusesikweni Mostorg kwaye kwavulwa umoya festive.

Noko ke, ukuba zobukhulu "Myur and Meriliz" Mostorg (leyo ngokukhawuleza igama e cum) abambelele kwaye abakwazanga. Umgangatho kweempahla kunye neenkonzo ungaphantsi kakhulu kwixesha pre-revolution. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ukuvula seentsini kunyaka ozayo kwaba kubekwe isebe ephambili yale lizwe. Ke kaloku, intsingiselo yegama elithi 'intlaka "yaye" cum "ifana: uRhulumente iSebe Store kunye Central Isitolo somnyango. Nangona urhulumente eye yavusa uphuhliso TSUM kunye gum, olwesibini luye waba: ukuba kuhlelwe kwaye ethunga istudiyo kwaye ezinqabileyo iimpahla zakhe asasazwa apha kwakhona. Kodwa TSUM (okotshiweyo nezishunqulelo ngasentla) ngoku sonke kwafuneka ukuba le yesibini.

Ngaphandle koku, le ingaka lisaqhubeka namanje. Hi ndlela leyi, kwaba phakathi imveliso yokuqala waqala ukunika abasebenzi ngetyala.

Ukususela ngo-1933, i-Central iSebe Store, okokuqala kwi-USSR, ndaqalisa ukuthengisa impahla zodidi ngamaxabiso aphezulu.

Cum ngexesha emva kwemfazwe

Nangona kunjalo, le ingaka zange abe imikhosi kudala - kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Ngeli xesha, indawo Central Isitolo somnyango utshintshile. Ngoku imigangatho ayo aphezulu baguquka egumbini. Yaye emazantsi waqhubeka ukuthengisa impahla, kodwa kuphela abasebenzi kwaye kuphela amakhadi. Le nkqubo yathatha de ekupheleni kwemfazwe.

Emva kokuphumelela bexesha elizeleyo umsebenzi kwivenkile isebe liye ibuyiselwe kweli xesha lifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zabathengi ukuze Central iSebe Store ukugcina yinxalenye mveliso Soviet kunye nezityalo ukuba ebekumele ukuba zinike inani elaneleyo kwingqwebo impahla.

Ngelishwa, umgangatho iimpahla engaboni kakuhle, njengoko ephambili engundoqo waba inani labo. Ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ezikhulayo, imizi-mveliso rhoqo kukhupha iimveliso ezisemgangathweni ezinezothe, kunye nabathengi bengenandawo ngcono kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba, oko kukuthi. Ukuze wenze oku, kwafuneka alinde iiyure efolisiweyo.

Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, i-Central iSebe Store zingathengwa iimpahla kwamanye amazwe. Noko ke, kwaba luck enqabileyo kakhulu elimangalisayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuze aphumeze isicwangciso yentengiso, impahla ezinqabileyo kumazwe wabeka ngokukodwa kuthengiswa ekupheleni kwenyanga okanye phambi iiholide ezibalulekileyo.

Kwiminyaka 70-80. ivenkile yaqala ixesha nokuhlola. Ukuze nokwandisa umsebenzi ,, yaqaliswa inkqubo self-nkonzo, kwakunye nenkqubo yentlawulo lula.

Kwitekisi eSoviet Union

Emva kokuwa yiSoviet Union cum ziqhubekile ukubakhona, kodwa kufuneka baziqhelanise kuqoqosho emarikeni. Ngenxa yoku, ngowe-1992 oko eyaguqukayo yaba yinkampani imfuyo ngokuhlangeneyo. Ithenda ngamazwe lwaqhutywa kwiminyaka embalwa ukufumana abatyali-zimali kunye ukuguqulela zokwakha ivenkile sebe.

Ophumelele yaba inkampani waseJamani Redesign Einrichtung GmbH, ngenxa yemizamo indawo yokuthengisa linyuke-cum. Ivenkile siguqulwe. Kuye kwagqitywa izinyuko ezongezelelweyo kunye yokupaka iimoto bekwilift ifakiwe,. Kwakhona, le nkqubo sele ilungiselelwe inkonzo kunye nentlawulo. Kwaye ngo-1997, TSUM wabonakala kubathengi ngendlela entsha, mihla ngakumbi.

cum namhlanje

Ukuba iyitshinizele nesibakala sokuba cum ezinjalo, uze uphonononge imbali yayo, usazise ngayo izinto kule venkile izinto namhlanje.

Xa lwabaphathi beziko shopping kowama-2000 wathabatha phezu phephandaba. Ngenxa ngokuza kuye namhlanje ukuba Central iSebe Store, eyaziwa kude ngaphandle elizweni. Ngoku ke intsimi yalo hayi iivenkile kuphela, kodwa wavula cafes 3, zokuhlamba kunye zokuzilungisa.

Ukongeza, TSUM mihla athathe inxaxheba kubomi bentlalo. It zinginginya art, ifoto kunye videovystavki kunye nothando iziganeko.

Kodwa kukho nto ingaka jikelele kunye nobubi. Ezi ziquka ngaso kakuhle wacinga-out isibhengezo ngaphakathi Central Isitolo somnyango. Inxulunyaniswa amanyundululu eziliqela. Ngethamsanqa, abaphathi bamaziko evenkileni ndimve abathengi ukuhlangabezana izicelo zabo.