Yintoni i-Romanticism

Yintoni iRoma? Akukho nto ivela, njengoko besithi, akukho nto. Yonke into inomxholo wokuqala. Napha, kwakhona, ubuhlobo bothando buvela kwezinye iindawo, oko kukuthi, ngokuchasene nomxholo we-Great French Revolution.

Ukuba siqhathanisa ixesha leklasi kunye nexesha lokuthandana, kubonakala ngathi abantu babesondla ngexesha elifanayo kunye namaqhawe namaGrike kunye noothixo-kwaye bawakhumbula iimbali zabo. Indoda yale minyaka iyazi kakuhle imfuno yokuthintela iingcambu zesizwe ngokusondeleyo.

Ihlabathi lezithethe eziqhelekileyo lihambelana nehlabathi elingaqondakaliyo lokuthandana-into enhle kwaye engaqondakaliyo, echasene nehlabathi lenene.

Umphefumlo womntu waba ngumxholo wo "luphando" olubalulekileyo nolunononophelo lwabalimi abathandanayo. Ihlabathi likhulu kakhulu, kwaye umntu kulo mncinci kakhulu, iimvakalelo zakhe zikhawuleza ... Ukuze "umise umzuzwana" wokunyuka komphefumlo womntu, umntu akanako ukuyenza rhoqo nge-symphony, imbongo okanye i-opera kunye nesiganeko sazo-sikhulu-ke Kwikhuselo. Ixesha lothando lushintsha ingcamango yomculo - ngeli xesha abaqambi babonakala okokuqala, "ikariti yokutyelela" iyona ingoma.

I-symphony kunye ne-opera ziyahlukahluka-azingasilandeli imigangatho engqongqo ye-classicism.

Kwimisebenzi yabalobi, iingqungquthela, abaculi kunye neemvumi, ngekhulu le-18 umntu unokubona oko kukuthandana. Inomdla kumntu womntu ivelisa ubuhlobo obunzima kunye nobuncwane obufihlakeleyo: ukunyaniseka, ukunyaniseka, ukulahlwa kwemigqaliselo eyamkelekileyo kunye nemigangatho ... Ngaloo ndlela iifoto zengqungquthela yothando kunye neengcamango zabo ezifihlakeleyo zizalwe - kungenjalo, zithatyathwa ...

Ulwabelana ngamaRoma ngoLwazi

Ukuba kwakungengenxa yeziganeko zala maxesha, sasingazi ukuba lukho ulwalathiso olunjalo kwincwadi njengoluhlobo lwezothando. Ngethuba lokuqala kulolu hlobo lobugcisa, lwavela eJamani, phakathi kweengcali zefilosofi kunye nabalobi besikolo seYen (uLudwig Tik, VG Wackenroder, abazalwana bakaSchlegel, i-Novalis).

Ifilosofi yamaRoma yenziwa ngokuchanekileyo kwimisebenzi ye-F. Schelling no-F. Schlegel. Kuphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwe-Romanticism yaseJamani lubonisa umdla kwiminqophiso yamathambo kunye neengqondo, ezazisetyenziswe ngokukhethekileyo emsebenzini kaHoffmann, abazalwana bakaGrimm.

Ummeli oyiBright of romanticism - Byron. Umsebenzi wakhe uphelelwe yimibhobho yoqhankqalazo kunye nomzabalazo wehlabathi lamanje, ukucula komntu kunye nenkululeko. Kwakhona kwintando yaseNgilani ngumsebenzi kaJohn Keats, uShelley, uWilliam Blake.

Uthando luni kumazwe aseYurophu? Ngokomzekelo, eFransi, esi sikhokelo sasimelwe yiCateaubriand, uLamartine, J. Stael, uVictor Hugo, uProsper Merimee, uAlfred de Vigny, uGeorge Sand. E-Italy - A. Manzoni, NU Foskolo, uLopardi. EPoland - uJuliusz Slovak, uAdam Mickiewicz, uCoprian Norvid, uSigmund Krasinsky. E-USA, uFenimore Cooper, uHenry Longfellow, Washington Irving, WK Bryant, uNathaniel Hawthorne, uEdgar Poe, uHerman Melville.

KwiRussian romanticism, inkululeko evela kuyo nayiphi na iindibano zakudala, idrama yothando, i-ballad, yadalwa. Umgaqo omtsha wentsingiselo kunye nencoko yeengqungquthela yasungulwa, eyabonwa njengenqanaba elizimeleyo lobomi, isithethi sezinto ezifanelekileyo, iziphakamiso eziphezulu zomntu.

Iingqungquthela zakuqala zazo zonke i-Pushkin ezidumileyo zaphuhliswa ngaphakathi kwisakhelo sokuthandana. Umphezulu weRussian romanticism yimbongo kaMnu Yu Lermontov. Iingoma zefilosofi zeFi Tyutchev zigqityiwe, kwaye, njengokuba kunjalo, ukunqoba kweRussian Romanticism.

Yintoni ebonisa uthando ngoomsebenzi ocacileyo wabalobi? Eli xesha lithanda yonke into engaqondakaliyo kwaye ilukhuni - yile xesha elibelethe ukutshatyalaliswa kweGothic kunye neendonga zayo zasendulo, iimfihlakalo ezimbi zexesha elidlulileyo.

I-Romanticism yayenzelwe ukuzityhalela ngokupheleleyo, ngokufuziselayo ihlasele ngokunyuka, ibe yinto yokunyeliswa - kwaye yenzeke kwezinye iindlela zobugcisa.

Kule mini, uthando lubizwa ngokuba ngumntu ophikisana nayo yonke into, ukholelwa kwiinjongo zakhe eziphakamileyo.