1721 kwimbali Russian. Russian Empire Education

Ukususela 1700 ukuya 1721 olwaqhubeka War Northern, ngenxa apho satshatyalaliswa inkoliso umkhosi Swedish kwaye zibangwe amazwe Russian ukuba Sweden sithinjiwe ekupheleni XVI - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVII. Kufuphi Neva yakha isixeko esikhulu St. Petersburg, nto leyo 1712 aya kuba ikomkhulu laseRashiya. Emva kwemfazwe, urhulumente eMoscow iba Russian Empire omkhulu, ikhokelwa ngu-uMlawuli Peter I. Kwenzeka ntoni ngo-1721 kwaye kwaba njani?

Isibhengezo yoBukhosi Russian

September 10, 1721, sele ekupheleni Northern iMfazwe, Sweden kunye iRussia yasayina Nystadt ihlabathi, ngenxa apho yokugqibela ehlonyelwe i Estland, Livonia, inxalenye Karelia kunye Ingria. La mazwe eseleyo, nto leyo thatha uPetros mna, ibuyisela umva Sweden. Njengoko ubona, imbali Russia (kwinkulungwane ye-18 - Akukho ngaphandle) utyebile kakhulu kwaye unika umdla. Kwakhona, omabini amacala aye avumelana ukukhulula onke amabanjwa. Isiphumo ukuba iRussia iye yaba namandla yaseYurophu. Peter I iNdlu Yeengwevu bekuxela 'omkhulu' kwaye wamnika isihloko "loMlawuli of Russia" yaye "uYise iLizwe loobawo." Russia uye waba ubukhosi ochumayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukusekwa yokugqibela kwakhokelela kuthotho lonke uhlaziyo.

iinguqu yonqulo zomkhosi

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba 1721 kwimbali Russia idume inani elikhulu iinguqulelo. Ngoko, 12 iibhodi zidalwe, nto leyo ibe yintsimi ethile yomsebenzi. ibandla elikhulu guqula zomkhosi bathwalwa phandle. Iziganeko ezibalulekileyo - ukwenziwa oonyana ngo-1721 ye-Regulation Yokomoya, nto leyo eyenza ukuba Church kuxhomekeke urhulumente. Ukongeza koku, kuba wadalwa i Sinodi oyiNgcwele, ekubeni labefundisi lwapheliswa ngokupheleleyo. Lidla ngo-1721 kwimbali eRashiya ibhiyozelwa njengexesha xa impahla ibandla buyasuswa iimfuno kurhulumente, yaye ngokukodwa, werhuluneli.

Ngokuphathelele iinguqulelo emkhosini, kukho ziye zaziswa izintlu zomkhosi, efanayo lonke Russia. Kwakhona ubenesinqanawa enamandla lasekwa ngomnyaka. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uPetros I ngezandla zakhe wadala umkhosi, ababalwayo ezingaphezu kwama-200 000 abantu. amabutho Russian uwine oluninzi uloyiso, oku kudale iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu kuphuhliso olungaphezulu zobugcisa emkhosini. Navy yahlulahlulwe squadrons nomhlaba nomkhosi - ezishelfini kunye neeyunithi. Le yokuhlela wavumela ukuba ezinye uqeqesho kwaye sixhase isimo salo amajoni, kwakunye asebenzise ngaphezulu kakuhle ngexesha umlo.

Utshintsho kwezoqoqosho kunye ezintsha kwinkcubeko

eninzi yababuthi berhafu yaziswa kwicandelo-mali, kuquka abo ngqo. Kopek liye laba ngqekembe engundoqo. Asikwazi ukuba ngo-1721 e-eRashiya kwimbali yaziwa njenge ixesha xa abantu zazimbi njengangaphambili. Isibakala sokuba UNondyebo agcwaliswa ngokwandisa irhafu. Nakuba kunjalo, urhulumente yakwazi utshontsha imali ezininzi. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, kwabakho indlala okanye ukunqongophala yorhwebo kubalulekile.

UPeter Omkhulu eyaziwa ngokuba wakuvala ukusasazwa iindevu. Ngoko ke walwa ngendlela endala yobomi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ziqala ukubonakala izikolo zehlabathi. Ukuqala yezi ezintsha kuyimfuneko nje 1721. Iindawo e Russia olu hlobo yabangela njengesiphango iimvakalelo phakathi kwabantu abaqhelekileyo.

Kodwa kude zonke: kwavelisa Iphephandaba lokuqala, kunye neencwadi angaphandle eziguqulelwe kwi Russian. Kwakhona sinikele ingqalelo into yokuba izinto zonyango, ubunjineli kunye nesikolo zokudubula ngo-1721. Kwangaxeshanye, kubonakala uthungelwano izikolo zenkolo. injongo yazo - kukulungiselela ngababingeleli. Izikolo ekampini ezininzi ziye kwakhelwa oonyana kuqeqesho lwasemkhosini.

isiphelo

Njengoko isiphelo ndingathanda ukuthi ngo-1721 e-eRashiya kwimbali itshintshe kakhulu, yaye zonke kubulelwe umlawuli sisilumko. Ngeli xesha ke irhoxisiwe umba amantombazana watshata phantsi akhethe. Ngenxa yeli nyathelo ukumkani wamthanda kunye nabantu, nangona irhafu eziphakamileyo. Sinokuthi uPetros I ngenkuthalo wafundisa amagcisa. Wabathuma ukuba ukufunda umenywe kwamanye amazwe kuye. Oku - ngexesha lokusekwa kobukhosi ngokupheleleyo, badalwa apho * uKhesare. Ivela njenge shishini, kukho imfundo ephakamileyo kubemi efumileyo.

Ngoku, xa emehlweni ukumkani akazange kuwa ngamadolo abo, yaye kufutshane nekhaya lakhe ebusika ayikwazanga ndiyisuse umnqwazi wakhe. Konke oku kube negalelo ekubeni uPetros abantu esibathandayo ohloniphekileyo. Uninzi wokuguqula azahlulele yaye ngenxa ezilungileyo karhulumente. Kwakhona wawamkela umthetho malunga nokusekwa Academy of Sciences, leyo kuvulwa emva kokufa kwakhe.