Iinkalo ezinomdla malunga nobomi bukaBlok kunye nobuchule bakhe. Biography

U-Alexander Blok, amaqiniso anentsonkothile ebomini anikezelwa kwinqaku, ingenye yeebongozi ezidumileyo zeSiliva.

Yonke yaqala ngale ndlela

Kwindlu yeBeoketovs, apho ubuntwana bendlobongela eyasasaza, izibongo zathandwa kwaye zaziswa. Babhalwa kwintsapho, ngubani okhohlakeleyo, obaluleke kakhulu, phantse yonke into. Kule nkalo, sinokuyifaka into yokuqala yokuthabatha ebomini kunye nobuchule beBlok. Ngokwebongozi, isampula yeentsiba ibhekisela kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala. U-Sasha omncinci wabhala iingqungquthela ezincinane, amabali amfutshane, ngokufanelekileyo, kwiibhokisi zebhloko, ezikopishwe kwi-albhamu. Kule ndlela yokugqibela, yonke into yayilindelwe: ithala lezinto eziqulathwe, imidwebo ekhanyayo. Phantse bonke "iqoqo" labantwana abazinikezele kunina, njengoko kuboniswe yimibhalo ebhalweyo.

Ngeminyaka eli-9 uSasha waqala "ukukhulula" iphephancwadi nganye yenyanga ethi "Inqanawa", ehambelana neencwadi eziqhelekileyo. Kamva, kuma-94-97-ies, "wayengumhleli" wegama elithi "Vestnik", ekushicileleni kwathatha inxaxheba kuzo zonke izalamane. Apha, ngendlela, kwakukho imisebenzi eninzi ye- Blok. Kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo, uAlexandria waqala ukuphatha ubuchule kuphela ngeeminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Ngelo xesha "kwi-piggy bank" yakhe yayisele imibongo engamakhulu asibhozo.

Iinkalo ezinomdla malunga nobomi bukaBlok: i-gymnasium

Ukususela ekuzalweni kwe-Beketov ukhusela uSasha kuzo zonke izinto ezimbi ezenzeke ngeenxa zonke. Ngoko ke, ukubhaliswa kwiVvedenskaya Gymnasium, eyayisemaphethelweni asePetersburg, kwalishumi elinanye, yayimangalisa ngokwenene. Ngaphandle kwendawo ekhulileyo, enobuhlobo bendlu, kunye nencoko yobugcisa, wawela kwindawo enexuku leemfesane ezikhwaza kakhulu. Ingqalelo ebuhlungu kwiSasha kunye nootitshala eSasha yenziwe ngabafundisi. Akukho yingozi emva komhla wokuqala wokuhlala kwindawo yokuzivocavoca, wathi yonke into ayibetha ngayo abantu. Emva koko, ukutyelela kwesikolo kwaba ngumsebenzi wenkwenkwe, kwaye abahlobo bokuqala babonakala kuphela esikolweni esiphakeme. Leyo yi- biography yeBlok, inyaniso echaphazelekayo ebomini eyanceda ukumjonga njengomntu oqhelekileyo.

Uthando lokuqala lolo mbongi

Bonke abalandeli bomsebenzi wokudala uBlok bayazi umfazi wakhe, uLD Mendeleeva, owayezinikele ekuqoqweni "Iingqungquthela malunga noMhlekazikazi." Kodwa akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba umboniso wokuqala wembongi wayengenguye, kodwa uKM Sadovskaya oneminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesixhenxe ubudala.

Ukuqhelana kwabo kwenzeka eBad Nauheim - idolophu yaseJamani, apho inkwenkwe eneminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe ubudala yafika nonina nonina. UAlexandro inyanga, ngaphambi kokuba uK.Sadovskaya ahambe, wathenga iilesi njalo ekuseni kwaye wahamba naye yonke indawo. Le ncwadana yaqhubeka eSt. Petersburg ize idlule kude ngo-Agasti 1998 uBlok akazange atshise ngothando ngoLyubochka Mendeleeva. Kwaye nangona sele sele sele sele ikhona ngoNovemba waloo nyaka, enye yeenkondlo zombongo uya kuba nemigca malunga "nenkosikazi, ilanga lilibalekile", idilesi yabo, iyancitshiswa ekucaciseni ubudlelwane, iya kuqhubeka kuze kube sehlobo le-1901. Emva kuka-Agasti walo nyaka abazange baphinde babonane kwaye abazange bathethe. Kwaye ngo-1909 umbongi wabuye wafumana e-Bad Nauheim, apho, njengememori yexesha lakhe elidlulileyo, umjikelezo wemibongo "Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibini" yazalwa. Inyaniso enjalo enomdla ebusweni bukaBlok idibene nothando lwakhe lokuqala.

Iingoma ezilishumi elinesibini

UBlok wamkela ukuguqulwa kwentando. Kwaye nangona uShakhmatovo wakhe othandekayo watshiswe, watsho kubo bonke abavakalisa ukuzisola kunye novelwano oluyimfuneko. Kwaye wongezelela: imbongi ayifanele ibe nepropati. Egcwele izithemba ngekamva, ngoJanuwari 8, 18, wahlala phantsi ngenxa ye "Ezilishumi elinesibini. Wasebenza yonke imini, emva koko kwafika ixesha elide. Ekugqibeleni, ngoJanuwari 27-28, umsebenzi wagqitywa, kwaye uBlok wabhala: "Namhlanje ndingumongameli."

Apha unokuvelisa iinkcukacha ezithakazelisayo ebomini beBlok, ezixhomekeke kwingcamango yabantu. Ngoko, amajoni kunye nabasebenzi, uBlok ebemfundele ngokwakhe umsebenzi wakhe, baqala ukukhala kunye neentetho zabo. Nangona kunjalo kufuneka kuqaphele ukuba kamva umkomishinala, oyalela iSebe leTheatre, wacebisa imbongi ukuba ikhuphe izibhengezo zikarhulumente - wazibandakanya kunye nomfanekiso kaKristu.

Nangona kunjalo, phantse yonke i-intelligentsia, kuquka abantu abasondele kwimbongi, bathatha izikhali kuye kwaye akazange abanike izandla xa bedibana. Kwaye uZ. Gippius, owayedla ngokubambisana noBlok, wabhala igama lakhe okwesibini eluhlu lwabaphangi kunye neentlanzi, ezazingekho "ngabantu." Emva kancinci, ngoMeyi, wathumela imbongi yakhe iqoqo elitsha, elalizondayo ngamaBolsheviks, apho abeka khona iqabunga ngombongo othi "iBlok. Umntwana olahlekelwe yiyo yonke ... ". Umbongi wambhala impendulo ngendlela efanayo kwiphepha lokugqibela lencwadi kunye "namaSkthiya" kunye "neshumi elinesibini." Xa, ngo-1921, uBlok wacebisa ukuba ahambe phesheya kwonyango, esinye sezizathu zokwenqaba kukuba kwakukho apho angabonisana nabafuduka baseRashiya.

Ukubonisa ibinzana elaphonswa nguKolchak, xa efunda ngolwazi lukaBlok kunye noGorky. Kwaye kunye nomnye onetalente, kodwa xa udibana kunye bobabini kufuneka baxhomeke-le ngiselo yalo.

Umsebenzi wokugqibela

Kwimihlathi amaninzi evelisa izinto ezinomdla ezivela kubomi bukaBlok, ngokuhlwa kuthethwa njalo, kulungiswe ngokuhlonipha yiNdlu yoBugcisa. Oku kwenzeka ngo-Apreli 25, 1921. Malunga namawaka amabini abantu abadibene kwi-Great Drama Theatre. Ngobusuku kwavulwa nguK. Chukovsky. Enkulumweni yakhe, wabiza uBlok omkhulu kunabo bonke abaphila ngexesha lakhe, okubangela ukuba imbongi ingamkhathazi: "Kwenzeka njani ngoku ukuya kwinqanaba?"

UAlexandro Alexandrovich wabonakala phambi kwabaphulaphuli, bexakekile, kwiingubo ezimnyama. Kwaye kuphela ekugqibeleni, ngaphambi kokufunda imbongo ethi "Intombazana inomsindo kwiCawa yeCair ...", yavela ngeentyantyambo ezimhlophe kwiqhosha layo.

Konke kusihlwa, ilizwi lakhe, eliye lavakala ngokucacileyo kuzo zonke iikona zeholo, lazwakala ngokuthula nangokucacileyo. Ababukeli, abavakalelwa ngokubaluleka okhethekileyo ngokuhlwa, bashiya bengenangxaki. Kwaye ngokumalunga nemvelaphi yokuthuliswa kwendawo yonke, ibinzana lesiprofeto lathi: "Oku kuvuke". Abafundi basePetersburg babengazange babone uBlok uthetha nangakumbi: ukususela phakathi kuka-Apreli yakhe imeko yayidlulele kwisifo esingaqondakaliyo.

Iingqungquthela eMoscow

Oku bekusekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Umbongi wayegula, kodwa akazange akhuphe uhambo olucetywayo. Kunzima, nge-wand, ukungena kwisigaba. Ukufunda ivesi ngokunyusa. Ngokungaqhelekanga kumoya, ngamanye amaxesha uluntu lukarhulumente. Kwiimeko ezinjalo u-Alexander Blok uthetha - inyaniso echaphazelekayo ebomini yabantu abadumiweyo ngamanye amaxesha badibaniswa noko, mhlawumbi, ngokuba iqhawe lomlando lalingathandeki. Kwaye ke, ngenye yeentetho zaseMoscow, imbongi yayiva kwidilesi yakhe: "Ewe ... le mibongo yendoda efile!" Baye bavakaliswa ngu-A. Struve, obenjenjalo wagqiba ukuhlala kunye neBlok. UAlexander Alexandrovich akazange aphikisana, kodwa wabuya wathi: "Ewe, ndingumntu ofileyo." Wayekhumbuza uhambo lwakhe njengengxolo kunye nephupha elilukhuni. Ngaphambi kwakhe kwakuneenyanga ezimbini ezibuhlungu kunye nokuqonda ukuba wayefa.

Umntu onjalo ongaqhelekanga nguBlok Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, inyaniso enomdla ebomini bakhe inikwa ngesiseko sencwadi kaVN Orlov (u-Alexander Blok's Life).