Njengoko abantu bamandulo babecinga Umhlaba noko iye yatshintsha ukususela ngoko?

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ukufunda kunye nokwandisa isithuba ephilileyo, abantu wacinga ngendlela esebenza ngayo ihlabathi, yena uhlala khona. Ukuzama ukuchaza lilungiselelo Umhlaba kunye iphela, uye wasebenzisa iindidi wakhe osenyongweni noluqondakalayo, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, umzobo efana kunye nohlobo aqhelekileyo nesimo sendawo awayephila kulo. Indlela abantu kusetyenziswa ukumela Umhlaba? Oko wacinga uhlobo kunye nendawo kwindalo iphela? Indlela zatshintsha ekuhambeni kwexesha intsebenzo yazo? Konke oku kuvumela ukwazi imithombo yembali ukuba esekhona namhlanje.

Njengokuba abantu bamandulo babecinga Umhlaba

I AMAGQABAZA ▸ yokuqala iimephu ezaziwa nathi kwifomu eqingqiweyo, kwesokunxele ookhokho bethu phezu kweendonga umqolomba, ngeenotshi phezu kwamatye kunye namathambo zezilwanyana. Uphando lufumanise ezi imizobo kwindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Ezi imizobo ebonisa ukuzingela, iindawo apho abembi umdlalo izabatha amisiweyo, ngokunjalo imali eninzi.

Ngokwalo ebonisa imilambo, nemiqolomba, iintaba, amahlathi phezu izinto ezikhoyo, umntu uye wafuna ukudlulisela ulwazi malunga ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo. Ukwahlula zobumnini eziqhelekileyo entsha, vula nje, abantu wabanika amagama. Ngoko ke, uluntu ngokuthe beqokelela ulwazi ngeendawo. Yaye ke, ookhokho bethu baqala ukuzibuza ukuba Umhlaba.

Indlela abantu bamandulo babecinga Umhlaba, oko kuxhomekeke ikakhulu uhlobo isiqabu kunye imozulu iindawo ababehlala kuzo. Ngenxa yokuba abantu ehlabathini lonke ngendlela yabo silibonile ihlabathi, yaye izimvo ezi ohlukahlukeneyo kakhulu.

iBhabhiloni

Okunye okubalulekile ulwazi yembali malunga nendlela abantu bamandulo babecinga Umhlaba thina sishiye impucuko, owayehlala emazweni phakathi neTigrisi kunye umEfrate, awayengabemi Nile Delta kunye nonxweme iMeditera (ummandla mihla le Asia Minor kunye nakumazantsi Europe). Olu lwazi iminyaka engaphezu kwama amawaka amathandathu.

Ngenxa yoko, abantu baseBhabhiloni yamandulo babekholelwa Umhlaba "entabeni ihlabathi", ngomhla kwithambeka kwintshona leyo iBhabheli - lizwe labo. Le mbono ekhuthazwa yokuba okwimpuma belizwe wayesazi baphumla ezintabeni eziphakamileyo, apho kungekho mntu ubenobuganga ukuya.

Ukuya ezantsi waseBhabheli nguye ulwandle. Oku wavumela abantu ukuba bakholwe ukuba "ntaba ihlabathi" okunene ngeenxa, akuhlanjwanga ngaselwandle kumacala onke. Ulwandle ngathi isitya zocaphulo, kwihlabathi esekelwe yasezulwini, kuphantse kufane Earth. Apha kwakhona, kwaba "umhlaba" lakhe, "umoya" yaye "amanzi". Sushi wayedlala ibhanti namakroza zodiacal, yasezulwini sinamafu "ulwandle" like edamini. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba le inyanga osho, ilanga kunye neeplanethi ezininzi. Sky amaBhabhiloni kanani yokuhlala woothixo.

Imiphefumlo yabantu abafileyo, kwelinye icala, babehlala "enzonzobileni" phantsi komhlaba. Ebusuku, ilanga, ezingena elwandle, kwafuneka ukuba aye kule nomqolomba okuyo koonyana ekupheleni elisentshona zomhlaba ukuya ngasempuma, yaye kusasa nithi, ndibathuma ndivuka ukusuka elwandle esibhakabhakeni, ukuze uqale kwakhona kuhambo imini enkenenkene.

Isiseko indlela Emhlabeni zimelwe abantu eBhabheli, zabekwa mkhanya ngezenzeko zendalo. Noko ke, ulityhilayo amaBhabhiloni abakwazanga.

Palestine

Ke ukuba abahlali kweli lizwe, ilizwe elilawulwa nezinye izimvo ezahlukileyo waseBhabhiloni. AmaHebhere amandulo babehlala ngengingqi flat. Ngoko ke umhlaba embonweni yayo bakhangela lehewu, nto leyo maxa wambi awela ezintabeni.

Imimoya, bephethe i- imbalela, imvula kwiinkolelo ezinabantu Palestine indawo ekhethekileyo. Siphila 'ibhanti esezantsi "zezulu, ukuba bahlukane yi" amanzi wasezulwini "avela kumphezulu womhlaba. Amanzi, ukongeza, kwakukho, naphantsi komhlaba, lusidla ngaphandle iilwandle kunye nemilambo kumphezulu wayo.

India, iJapan, China

Mhlawumbi ilivo edumileyo namhlanje, exelela malunga nendlela abantu bamandulo babecinga Umhlaba wayebunjwa Indians yamandulo. Aba bantu babekholelwa ukuba umhlaba eneneni elimile ikhweyitha, leyo lixhomekeke ngemihlana eendlovu ezine. Ezi iindlovu emi phezu ngasemva ufudo omkhulu idada i elwandle engapheliyo ubisi. Zonke ezi zidalwa twine amakhonkco ezininzi cobra abamnyama Sesa, apho aba liwaka ambalwa. Ezi iintloko, ngokutsho iinkolelo amaNdiya, sizibeke iphela.

Umhlaba nezembonakaliso Japanese amandulo kuphelela kummandla owaziwa kubo ziqithi. Oku kubangelwa ukuba uhlobo cc, nezinyikimo zomhlaba rhoqo kwenzeka kwilizwe lawo, wachaza uqhushululu umlilo-ukuphefumla inamba, abahlala phakathi nezibilini zayo.

Abemi samandulo China Qiniseka ukuba umhlaba - yinto uxande tyaba, emagumbini apho emine ngaphandle, ephethe amajukujuku khaxa zezulu. Xa kwiikholam sele baphikele yi-dragon enomsindo, yaye ukususela ngoko iLand Bank ukuya ngasempuma, yaye esibhakabhakeni - ukuya ngasentshona. Ngoko ke Chinese ndacacisa kutheni zonke imizimba yasezulwini kunqwenela ukusuka empuma kuye entshona, kwaye yonke imilambo kwilizwe labo aqukuqela empuma.

I-Aztec and Mayans

Kunika umdla ukwazi ukuba Umhlaba Wayemelwe ngabantu amandulo belimiwe kwilizwekazi American. Ngokomzekelo, abantu yamaMaya qiniseka ukuba eneneni uMhlaba isikwere. Kwiziko kwayo lukhula Tree Initial. Ezimbombeni, ngokuhambelana ngqongqo ihlabathi eyaziwa ngamaqela, wakhula ezine ezifana Mthi - World. Eastern Tree waba obomvu, umbala esifingo, entla - amhlophe, entshona - simnyama ebusuku, nelasezantsi - emthubi njengelanga.

ukubukela ngenyameko ukujikeleza imizimba yasezulwini, izazinzulu ngeenkwenkwezi yamaMaya waphawula ukuba ngamnye kubo luphawulwa ngendlela yayo. Kulo walandela kwisigqibo sokuba nkwenkwezi ngalinye enambuzelayo "umaleko" yayo esibhakabhakeni. Ngokubanzi, "amazulu" yaba lishumi kwi iinkolelo amaMaya.

Ukanti omnye abantu bamandulo of America,-Aztec, uMhlaba wabonwa ngu izikwere ezintlanu amalungiselelo ngokomfuziselo azizikweri. Xa iziko kwakukho firma terra kunye noothixo, yena Wayengqongwe ngamanzi. Eziseleyo amacandelo amane ezakha ihlabathi, iimpawu zabo iimpawu, umbala, belimiwe izityalo ezizodwa nezilwanyana.

amaGrike amandulo

In lokumelwa ezininzi mandulo yabantu yesiGrike Umhlaba ibizwa ngokuba disc equmbile, ezifana ingweletshetshe legorha. Singasentla isibhakabhaka sobhedu, apho ilanga lihamba. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba umhlaba macala onke singqongwe umlambo - ulwandle.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umbono kwanamaGrike Umhlaba iyatshintsha. Scientist Anaximander, owayephila ngenkulungwane yesine BC, njenge "embindini yonke" kufika kwisigqibo sokuba imilindo yeenyanga esibhakabhakeni lihamba kwisangqa.

Yayingeyiyo kaPythagoras kuqala wavakalisa ingcamango yokuba umhlaba ungqukuva. Kodwa Aristarh Samossky, owayehlala Greece kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-2.300 eyadlulayo, weza kwisigqibo ukuba iplanethi yethu bexakeke ilanga kwaye awunakho ukwenza ngolunye uhlobo. Noko ke, abantu ababephila zakhe anakholwa nguye, yaye emva kokufa ukufunyanwa kwakhe uAristarko msinyane.

baba njani abantu uMhlaba kumaXesha Aphakathi

Kuphuhliso lobugcisa kunye nabantu zoshishino inqanawa waqalisa ukwenza zokuhamba ngakumbi ezikude kakhulu, ekwandiseni ulwazi ngokwezelizwe, ngokwenza iimaphu ngakumbi eneenkcukacha ngakumbi. Ngokuthe ngcembe baza baqalisa ukuqokelela ubungqina ukuze bafikelele kwisigqibo malunga imilo ungqukuva yomhlaba. BaseYurophu baphumelela ngakumbi oku ixesha Enkulu Discoveries Geographical.

Malunga namakhulu amahlanu eminyaka eyadlulayo, isazinzulu ngeenkwenkwezi Polish uNikolay Kopernik, ebukele iinkwenkwezi, wafumanisa ukuba eli ziko wendalo kanye iLanga, hayi uMhlaba. Phantse kweminyaka engama-40 emva kokufa Copernicus, izimvo zakhe zaphuhliswa yi Italian UGalileo Galilei. Le Scientist unako ukungqina ukuba zonke iiplanethi wezijikelezi zalo, kuquka Umhlaba, enyanisweni, enye ixhomekeke ilanga. UGalileo watyholwa qhekeko ze wanyanzeleka ukuba lokuwohlutha iimfundiso zakhe.

Nangona kunjalo, i eliNgesi Isaac Newton, owazalwa ngonyaka emva kokufa uGalileo, ekugqibeleni wakwazi ukufumana umthetho gravitation jikelele. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, wabachazela kutheni iNyanga ejikelezayo Umhlaba, kwaye umhlaba kunye kanti ezininzi umzimba yasezulwini ojikeleza ilanga.