Orest Kiprensky: imifanekiso kunye neenkcazelo. Artist Orest Adamovich Kiprensky

artist Russian Orest Kiprensky, imifanekiso apho uluntu Russian kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane ye-19 nemincili, wazalwa ngoMatshi 24, 1782 ekwilifa enomhlaba ihlwempu Oranienbaum County A. Dyakonov. Umama - Anna Gavrilova inqaba - saba nosana ngaphandle ungatshatanga. Ubaba nguye kumninindlu, abangazange mathidala ukuncokola kunye nezicakakazi zabo ngamakhoboka. Emva konyaka, emva kokuzalwa wegcisa elizayo Dyakonov wamnika igama Orestes, yaye abazange baqaphele unyana wakhe, kodwa ngandlela zonke abayinyamekelayo inkwenkwe, wamnika inkululeko yakhe, wamonga elizayo. Kwaye ukuze Orestes waba patronymic, nomntu ongumninindlu, wamnika unina watshata iyadi Adam Schwalbe indoda yakhe.

amanyathelo okuqala

Xa wayeneminyaka engama-kwiminyaka emithandathu yokuqala kakhulu ukuba babonise izakhono zabo Orestes banikwa uqeqesho esikolweni kwi-Academy of Fine Arts of St. Petersburg. Kwixesha elizayo, lonke ityala iitalente bakhe bemvelo. Academy Kiprensky izidanga 1803 waza waya kufunda ubuchule yokudweba phantsi kolwalathiso bodumo Russian artist GI Ugryumova.

Kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo Orest Adamovich Kiprensky eyayibanjelwe kwiimeko ezinzima, eneneni wahlala enqabeni yomkhosi, phantsi kuhlaziswa, oko seligrunjiwe, inkululeko. Kodwa Isimanga, iimeko intswelo zokuphila ihlwempu angenziwa umnqweno umzobi ukuba nenxaxheba ubugcisa, phezu koko, ubomi nzima iye yaba nefuthe lophuhliso bokudala ngakumbi. Abahlobo ebizwa Kiprensky oselula "imigodi Orestes." Umculi rhoqo ephethe icwecwe ngemizobo ukuba wadala uhamba.

ukungaqiniseki

Orest Kiprensky, ogama imifanekiso amele ngokucacileyo igama entsha ukupeyinta, ezama ukuba ivelele inani elipheleleyo ukuwubamba brush. Yena ingqalelo umsebenzi wakhe kakhulu eliphakathi, ukuba uzibeke phezu kwidispleyi. Ngokuthe ngcembe, Noko ke, umhlobo Kiprensky likwazile simkholise le mizobo iimpawu ezizodwa, awawubhalayo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, njengoko batshovo kwelinye umoya.

ukuqaphela

Ekugqibeleni Kiprensky, ogama imizobo kuxoxiwe ngokufihlakeleyo ngokuphandle eMoscow, wagqiba kwelokuba ukubonisa imizobo "Madonna kunye Child" yaye "Portrait kaBawo Adam Schwalbe". Kungekudala emva koko, igcisa uyalinandipha enkulu imbasa yegolide ngenxa womzobo "Duke Donskoi emva Idabi Kulikov." Emva koko Orestes Kiprensky ogama imizobo ziye anconywe, yaba nenxaxheba uyilo Kazan Cathedral wezakhiwo Voronikhin. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo art akazange abe umzobi ithuba ku tiva italente zabo ngokupheleleyo kwaye wagqiba ukuya uhlobo ngobude.

Orest Adamovich Kiprensky ngokukhawuleza wafudukela phambi njenge opeyintayo ngokupheleleyo onesiphiwo. Makhe, ebhalwe nguye, wambetha ezintsha kunye nokuchaneka imifanekiso. Artist akwaze ngokuyinqaba ukufaka ngoyena ndoqo yaye abazange balahlekelwe kude kube sekupheleni umsebenzi. Enye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo Kiprensky na umfanekiso, oluveza uAleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin. Picture Kiprensky isikhanyiso ukuzahlulela imibongo Russian, sabhalwa ngo 1827. Phambi kokuba indalo le wobugcisa, Orest Adamovich wakwazi ukubhala portraits ngaphezulu 59, ezimbini apho kuboniswe kwelokukhula Colonel eV Davydov and Bala DN Sheremetev. Abanye zaye zabhalwa polrosta.

Orest Kiprensky ogama imizobo ngokuzithemba iphumelele Petersburg eMoscow, ngesiquphe iba evelele ngexesha lakhe. Xa portraits nje ezimbalwa zipeyintwe kwiminyaka 1811-1813, igcisa wafumana itayitile academician yokudweba.

igama

Noko ke, ziyahlelwa wegcisa wayengekho yonke zonakala kwaye cwaka, oko woyisa namabhongo. Makhe Orest Adamovich wabhala ubukhulu becala ngenxa neholo, yaye umsebenzi wakhe, yena ingqalelo womzobo zembali kwaye rhoqo kunzima ukwenza nayiphi ngelaphu omkhulu ebonisa iziganeko enkulu elidlulileyo yabantu Russian.

Noko ke, igcisa waqhubeka ukudala uhlobo efikelelekayo kwaye waba ngumzobi yokuqala Russian ngubani wayethunywe ukwenza i self-umzobo for the Uffizi Gallery, edume ukuqokelelwa yalo eqingqiweyo magcisa aphambili ehlabathini lonke. Ukuba idume kakhulu, igcisa Kiprensky ogama imizobo nangokuvela waba into yokuba nomnqweno yabaqokeleli ezininzi zehlabathi, ngesiquphe wavalelwa lihlazo.

inkathazo roman

Nangona Orest Adamovich waba kwintolongo Russian eRoma, apho isithunywa evela kurhulumente Russian ndabelwa A. Italinsky ethile, kude kakhulu kwi ngobugcisa, ngokubanzi, mntu kakhulu makangazi. Kuba amagcisa irhuluneli basenokungahlonitshwa, bewagqala banganeli kungasebenzi. Umntu Wayaneka udaba malunga neenjongo yolwaphulo Kiprensky, malunga ngokunxulumana kunye Italian Carbonari. Ngenxa intlebendwane kunye nezityholo zobuxoki Orest Adamovich kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye Italy.

France Impumelelo

Emva ekhaya, Kiprensky akazange ukuchitha ixesha elide e St. Petersburg, yaye kungekudala waya eParis, apho umsebenzi wakhe wenza yegadi kwi mboniso yasentwasahlobo 1822. Ke imilebe wonke yaba artist Russian Kiprensky. Imizobo, ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha enkulu yapapashwa kubalawuli ezikhethekileyo, ihanjiswa ukusuka kwesinye isixeko French komnye, nakuyo yonke indawo babe nempumelelo oqhweshileyo.

Nangona impumelelo ebonakala imifanekiso yakhe, igcisa uyaqhubeka ukuzama ukwenza ngelaphu yembali, kodwa ngenxa yezi nomzamo imizobo, embhoxo landscape kunye ntshava okanye esebenza ngayo ibali umboniso imfazwe elidlulileyo. Ekugqibeleni, ndafika Kiprensky ukudinwa, yaye kangangexesha elithile lihambe liye kungena ngokwakhe waza wamnika umsebenzi. Le meko mandundu yi yokuba kwakukho abanetalente uKarl Bryullov, kunye ingqalelo zoluntu yasiwa kuye.

iingxaki zemali

Orest Adamovich ifumene odolo ambalwa, ndiswele imali. Ngaphezu koko, kanye ngelo xesha, igcisa wacinga ukuba kuzekwe, yaye oku, njengoko uyazi - iyabiza. Noko ke, kungekudala ubuyeleyo isiphelo Kiprensky ubuso, wathengisa ngempumelelo Imizobo eziliqela, unako ukuhlawula amatyala alo, kunye nobomi kuye kwakhona nengqondo.

kokumka

Ukuze atshate intanda yakhe, igcisa lafumana ukholo yamaKatolika. Young cwaka watshata ecaweni encinane, yaye emva kwethutyana Orest Adamovich Kiprensky wambamba kunomoya wabulawa yinyumoniya. Yaba Oktobha 5, 1836. Kwiinyanga ezine kamva, umhlolokazi Kiprensky yaba intombi ogama Clotilde. trail lwayo ilahleke kwexesha.

A ezimbalwa abahlobo mculi chipped efakwe ingcwaba lakhe lesikhumbuzo okulula. Akukho iphephandaba omnye ingxelo ukufa ngumzobi, ngalo eYurophu wafumanisa ukuba kukho ubugcisa olukhulu kunye namagcisa ezinkulu eRashiya.