Sesayensi KIRILL Butusov: biography nokufumanisa. Exploration yenkqubo elanga

Kangangamawaka eminyaka, kuzo zonke izigaba zexesha empucuko ezininzi yokuvela iphutha kuba impambano kunye nokungahoyi. Kodwa ke inkoliso yeengcinga "ukunqongophala" bafumana isiqinisekiso ecacileyo emva kwethutyana umkhosi uluntu kunye nehlabathi wezifundo.

Science and mbumbulu ... Uphi na inyaniso?

Uhlobo olufumanayo amanga neqiniso ukuba - ulwazi eyahlukileyo, yahlukile ukuqonda eqhelekileyo. Imbali ukhumbula ezinjalo kwesayensi. Umzekelo ithiyori Einstein ngayo kwezinto. Lo mbono sibuzwa ukuba indawo kunye nexesha - constants. Umzekelo wale mihla kwisivumelwano physics esemthethweni kunye indlela yokuhamba ixesha. Nangona neminyaka engaphantsi kwe amathathu eyadlulayo kancinane, nawuphi njengesazinzulu wazama ukuba athi njalo ngokuphandle ukuhlekwa okanye bubalelwe bakuzibalela engathethekiyo.

Impi uyaqhubeka

Inkqubela kunye nezinga yethu intuthuzelo technical Kwavela edabini of conservatism yenzululwazi kunye nolwazi olutsha "asanelanga". Eyona nto inzima waba izazinzulu kwi leSoviet. Ukuqonda imibono yenzululwazi kunye nendlela yesiqhelo imisipha okukhulayo. Njengoko kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo abangafezekanga, le ndlela inazo izinto ezakhayo - alima ukuqonda ekhoyo kunye nokupheliswa imibono "embi".

Iingqondo enkulu Russia

Ngeli xesha, awayephila wasebenza zezenzululwazi, nto leyo ngakumbi ngokubanzi kakuhle inzululwazi amaphutha ayo - uCyril Butusov. Sesayensi, Scientist-ingcali yale ubeke phambili ngaphezu kokuba yeengcinga kweshumi malunga isakhiwo kwenkqubo elanga. Ukuze credit yakhe ngaphezu kwekhulu iimpapasho zobunzululwazi. Emva kwexesha elithile, uninzi kwesayensi ISAZINZULU sele ingqiniwe akhona kumazwe awahlukeneyo.

Butusov KIRILL Pavlovich wazalwa ngo-1929 eLeningrad. Ngowe-1954 waphumelela iLeningrad Polytechnic Institute. Iminyaka esixhenxe emva kokuphumelela wasebenza njengomqhubi kwilebhu abaphezulu kunye Pulkovo Observatory. Ukususela ngowe-1961 wafundisa lobunjineli radio, physics yemvelo zerediyo kwiindawo kwiiyunivesithi iLeningrad.
Kweli thuba ukususela 1988 ukuya ku-1996, wasebenza iinkampani ezimbini zophando "Alcor" yaye "yeMitsare".

Kamva, ngexesha leminyaka emine Butusov wasebenza njengentloko isebe kwimathematika azo kunye nolawulo kwi-St Petersburg University of Management Research Institute. Ngowe-2011 waba oyiphumeleleyo umbutho kawonke ngamazwe RusFO Prize (Russian Physical Society) kwiinkonzo zakhe kwinzululwazi.
Ebusika-2012, wafa i obalaseleyo Scientist-sesayensi bulumko. Cyril Butusov kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo yobomi bakhe yaba lilungu Wawongwa nemibutho eziliqela zenzululwazi.

Gloria - umfuziselo woMhlaba

Xa vekeleke Butusova, into emangazayo i Sun kwaye umfuziselo of the Umhlaba.

Planet Gloria kusoloko kwindawo esahlukileyo, kwaye lijikeleza kwi komzila enye uMhlaba. Ngenxa yokuba isantya imizimba efanayo, oko kusoloko ilanga (kwi kwindawo icala orbit).

Ngenxa hypothesis, ukuba kukho 'iwele "yoMhlaba - iplanethi Gloria?

Kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo encwadini yeembali beentlanga ezahlukahlukeneyo kukho ulwazi malunga ubukho ezinye iikopi zale Umhlaba. KumaXesha Aphakathi, ngo-1666 no 1672 i-Paris Observatory ingxelo ekufumanekeni kwesi irhengqa-ezimile kufuphi Venus. Ngelo xesha, ngeenkwenkwezi ziye zacebisa ukuba yisathelayithi Venus. Noko ke, njengoko kanti, kulo mhlaba musani ukuba satellites.
Injongosenzi Kwabonakala kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, kodwa iinkcukacha ezithembekileyo ingxelo ngesi siganeko akakho. Unobangela Gloria of Sun iingcali zikholelwa isenzo noqhwithela enamandla otsalayo ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe.

Gloria - Ngaba Ngokwenene?

Ngokusekelwe ukubala kwabo sesindululo uSaturn kaThixo, Jupiter, Venus ne Mars, ezisemajukujukwini KIRILL Butusov wayezimisele ukuba inkqubo elanga yenye umzimba cosmic. Umzila iiplanethi phantsi ubunzulu efanayo ungqamane imeko ezikhoyo kuphela xa kukho "ongabonakaliyo 'umhlaba.

Okwenzeka obukhoyo Venus, ngeenkwenkwezi azikhange zikwazi uku bana phandle isizathu sokuba kukho lunikezelo ngamaxesha kunye deceleration umzimba. Le into kufuneka kuchaphazela abanye ukuba kubhalwe amandla omxhuzulane. Emva kokuba ukubalwa isindululo langa ngokumalunga nemikhosi yazo omxhuzulane wajika ukuba ukujikeleza umhlaba kufuneka ibe enye into, efanayo lobukhulu iplanethi yethu.

"Twin" yoMhlaba omiweyo ngabantu abakrelekrele?

Planet Gloria ibekwe kwindawo apho kunokwenzeka ubukho izinto eziphilayo. Njengoko izazinzulu zikholelwa, kuba ubomi ezikrelekrele iikopi eMhlabeni. ubudala bakhe kungenzeka ukuba usondele kwiminyaka 4.5 billion. Ngeli xesha, ubomi ekrelekrele akwazi ukufikelela kwinqanaba engcono kuneyethu. Enye indlela yophuhliso kunokukhokelela ekufeni ngenxa yeemfazwe kunye ungquzulwano. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba lo mhlaba akukho moya kunye eyintlango.

Satellites sungula ku dyondza kweenkwenkwezi kunye izijikelezi kwendawo, ibekwe kwi Earth komzila eliphantsi. baqhube Bona kwangaphambili imisebenzi ezicwangciselwe ngqo into okanye inkalakahla kwicandelo elithile. Reprogramming kunye yokuziqhelanisa kwakhona isixhobo - inkqubo imali eninzi.
Sun wethu ligubungela icandelo elikhulu esibhakabhakeni waphawula, efana 600 sangqa Umhlaba. Njengoko sesayensi KIRILL Butusov uthi Gloria uya kuba ibonakale ngokucacileyo ukususela kwisikhundla Mars.
Ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka okanye inyaniso zokungathotyelwa kule nkcukacha, kuyimfuneko ukuthumela yisathelayithi esibhakabhakeni sinomdla kulo ndawo. Iziphekepheke ABU Sun rhoqo ukubadubula, kodwa ke phezu orbit ephantsi kufutshane uMhlaba. Ukufunda kwicandelo efunekayo oyifunayo indawo izihlandlo ezilishumi nakude ngaphezu umgama eNyangeni. Ngoko ke, ihlala kuphela nethemba lokuba, ngenxa kwezinye iimeko siza kukwazi ukubona i "ikopi" bomhlaba okanye ukwala oku ngombono ngokusisigxina.

INibiru - udade Sun wethu?

Inkcazelo Sun Second kubonwa neentsomi phantse kuzo zonke iintlanga. Amacwecwe bamaSumeri ekhankanywe ilanga lwesibini alitshoni. astronomi esemthethweni ibhekisa ndawo iplanethi iNibiru mbumbulu. Noko ke, uphando lwakutsha nje luye yaqinisekisa hypothesis of akhona Japanese Butusova ubukho ngomzimba ngaphandle ibhanti Kuiper (iqala ngaphaya komzila kwabanye). Ithi Sun wethu, ezifana iinkwenkwezi ezininzi, sele inkqubo umphunga. Ngokutsho imfundiso yakhe, inkqubo yethu elanga izibane ezimbini, enye yazo kwasekwa ngaphambili baza bazitshisa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukujikeleza iNibiru inophawu ellipse evuthelweyo, umgama ubuninzi malunga malunga 110 AU (enye unit ngeenkwenkwezi ingqamana leekhilomitha million 150). Ngokutsho izibalo Astrophysics Butusova ixesha Ukubolekisa kwenkwenkwezi malunga 40,000 iminyaka. Jonga le nto kuyingxaki ngenxa imigama ezinkulu kunye nokungabikho iqaqambile.
INibiru (Raja-ilanga) - uqhwithela mnyama , nenomlanga emdaka. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba inkwenkwezi "obungabonakaliyo" kwi umyalelo ngaphantsi kwe Sun wethu, ubunzima balo zisephezulu, amaxesha 6,000 mkhulu Umhlaba. Ngokutsho kweminye izazinzulu, komzila okweqanda ka iNibiru idlula phakathi iMars nguZeyus, kwaye uya kude ngaphaya kwenkqubo elanga.

Sesayensi lathembela indlela yesenzo bezimpi iphela

isakhiwo Binary kwenkqubo elanga (kokuhambelanisa izinto) Butusova ngokusekelwe iminyaka iinkwenkwezi zophando kunye imizimba yasezulwini. Xa ubalo wakhe wathabatha perturbations omxhuzulane ezisemajukujukwini ingqalelo ngaphakathi kwinkqubo yethu. Cyril Butusov kuqala bathi ngo-1958 phezu umsebenzi elibujikele zelanga kwisithuba seminyaka 11-17. Noko ke, lo msebenzi zange ishicilelwe ngenxa kukulumka yentloko yakhe. Emva kweminyaka embalwa, izazinzulu American apapasha umsebenzi efanayo, kubonakala kwingxelo yokuma. Cyril Butusov wakhankanya ukuntsonkotha kushicilelo lwemisebenzi 'ezinye "ukuqonda phakathi eSoviet Union. Noko ke, oku akuzange ayeke nzulu kwisifundo kwaye nohlalutyo nemithetho ezikhoyo-langa. Yena wayekholose "ikuyo 'yaye amandla omxhuzulane iinkqubo esithubeni ongaphandle olibambela.

isiphelo

Lidla into engaqhelekanga eyenzeka isiphekepheke "Voyager 1". Okwangoku zokunqumla komzila Mars, kwaye tshintsha indawo ukusebenza kunye Ilanga imifanekiso, ngokutsho abasebenzi NASA, i-satellite walahlekana kwaye ngaphezulu akazange kukhululwa. Esi siganeko okanye lokufihla data, kuyimfuneko ukuba mabaqashele kuphela.

Ngokungaqheleki le meko kukuba oku simi kakuhle ifanele ukutola "iwele" boMhlaba. Enoba injani imeko yokwenene, siyathemba ukuba unayo ngayo kungekudala emva ukufumana phandle.