Tysyatsky - i-ofisi elonyulwe Novgorod. Indlela ukukhetha tysyatskih yaye inxalenye imisebenzi yazo

Novgorod Republic usesikhundleni eyahlukileyo kwimbali Russia yamandulo. Ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi la mazwe amandla njengenkosana singabi epheleleyo. Wobukumkani e Novgorod lwaqhutywa ingqokelela lilonke amadoda ezamahala omdala. Le iye ngokuba Chamber. Ngelo seSigqeba isigqibo ngoko ukubiza umthetheli, ukuba ngukumkani kwakhe; kwaye elide apha kangakanani, kodwa kusetyenziswa ukukhetha abaviwa sikhundla, ikuvumela ukulawula esi sixeko kunye nelizwe ngokubanzi. Enye yezi zithuba ngokuba "tysyatsky". Oku sisuka kwigama elithi "iwaka" ezilungiswe inkulu (inkokeli) inani elithile labantu.

Unyulo ku Novgorod. Ospoda

Onke amagosa e Novgorod azizange amisiweyo, kodwa kunyulwa seSigqeba. Ukuba Chamber iye yaseka ubudlelwano kunye namanye amazwe, wabiza izikhulu, zenze imfazwe aze enze uxolo; ngokomyalelo libhunga wayesiya nomkhosi wamajoni iliso, ukubeka iirhafu, abakhulu ezikhethiweyo banikwa amalungelo zorhwebo abameli basemzini, njalo njalo. d. Veche wabiza rhoqo ngokwaneleyo, kodwa amandla njalo Novgorod bawuzame ospoda. izikhundla eziphezulu ospode ahlala yafumana abarhwebi kunye nabanini esisityebi. Bencediswa amanye amagosa anyuliweyo Novgorod, kwizikhundla zabo babizwa burgomaster, usodolophu kanchanskie, Sotsky, tysyatsky. Ngabo aba abalawuli kanye Novgorod. Ospodu okhokelwa Archbishop, owathi, kunye nemicimbi Ibandla iliso libhunga, babukela inkqubo ezintlanganisweni, isigqibo umhlaba kunye nemiba yezopolitiko.

Indlela ukukhetha tysyatskih. abantu zhiti

Tysyatsky - esikhundleni onyuliweyo. Ekuqaleni tysyatskogo kukhethwa ngabantu zhitih - abanini amancinci naphakathi ababa lucinga zabo zomhlaba, kodwa zange ingqalelo kule izikhulu. abantu Zhiti kunqabile self-ngayo ilizwe labo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umhlaba wanikezela irente yabo, iinzuzo ngenxa utyale imali ezahlukeneyo nezoshishino. Intloko libhunga wesixeko, ababa nako. Ukuba posadniki - Idla evela iintsapho izityebi Novgorod, le tysyatskiye ngokukhethwa abakumgangatho ophakathi. Ixesha apho wakhethwa tysyatsky eRashiya yaMandulo - oku nyaka mnye. Le burgomaster lwangoku, tysyatsky ngokuba iqondo abantu. Abo ngaphambili kubanjwa ezi zikhundla, kodwa barhoxa, ebizwa ubudala. Emva XIV c. tysyatskih baqashwa kuphela izinduna, yaye ukuma ngokuthe ukusuka lomasipala elimisiweyo. Ekubeni tysyatsky e Russia Ancient - kodwa ikakhulu isebe yesigqeba, le izinduna akazange afune sikhundla ahlala abantu abakumgangatho ophantsi. Kamva, kunye nokudityaniswa amandla njengenkosana kwi ulawulo Novgorod, kunye nokuvela le ubulawuli eMoscow, indawo babemiselwe, yaye indawo tysyatskogo kwakukho abantu kwisangqa engaphakathi yesibhovubhovu.

imisebenzi Military tysyatskih

Tysyatsky - le yenye izithuba ezingundoqo kule ubulawuli Novgorod. Ukususela ngelo xesha kwakungekho ecacileyo yokwahlukana kwamagunya, tysyatskiye ngokomkhethe ufezekisa izibophelelo kunye zomthetho kunye yesigqeba, kunye neejaji. Amandla tysyatskogo Chamber ukulinganisw ilawulwe ospodoy.

tysyatsky First Novgorod waya sikamasipala wabasebenzi zabantu. ngabavukeli ngokuzithandela ezinjalo iqulathe abemi ezamahala ababebizwa ngokuba ngexesha lemfazwe ezingalweni. Tysyatsky kwawugcina ukuziphatha noqeqesho jikelele umkhosi wamajoni, ukugcina ucwangco enkampini, waba uxanduva ukwakhiwa kwiinqaba. Kwi-ofisi yakhe kwakukho inkundla yasemkhosini - kwase ze kwesihlalo sokugweba mihla. Court Tysyatsky yabonakala wamajoni ngenxa yobubi imfazwe, ukuphanga, iphanga kunye okungaziwa. Phantsi kolawulo sixeko tysyatskogo arsenal. Tysyatskiye wathobela usodolophu - amaziko esiphezulu kwiRiphabliki Novgorod.

imisebenzi Civic tysyatskih

Inxalenye yesigqeba namandla yezomthetho Novgorod nayo imela tysyatskim. Kuyinto la magosa wenza isigqibo ukuba abize iNdibano yesiZwe, wabaxelela abantu amanyathelo izisombululo ebandleni. Tysyatsky Novgorod lilinde kweliso phezu komthetho nocwangco. Kwi-ofisi yakhe kwakukho amakhulu arhente ezincinane oontamnani, ngubani abasemagunyeni sikhupha lonke ulwazi malunga umzi. Ukongeza, tysyatskogo subordinated unelungelo ukwenza ehlasela ucwangcise ukhangelo, bathi ebizwa kwakhona zentendelezo, ziya kwaziswa olu lwaphulo-mthetho, ukunxibelelana nabantu ngamandla izigqibo.

imisebenzi Isigwebo tysyatskih

izigwebo Civil athathwe tysyatskim kakhulu kurhwebo. Xa isebe yabo kwisimangalo malunga iipemethi bafeze ezahlukeneyo kunye neengxabano zorhwebo. Ukongeza, tysyatsky wenza izigqibo yaye yakhupha izigwebo kumatyala abandakanya amatyala ezincinane kunye nokunyanzeliswa komthetho.

Emva eloyisile Novgorod Veche ifomu republic urhulumente yaphela. Kunye naye wahamba kunye nezikhundla endala abakhethwayo abakhululekileyo nabangamakhoboka Novgorod.