Ukuthengwa - umntu abaxhomekeke Russia

Imbali Kievan Rus umdla kunye ezizodwa. Ngokukodwa, inxalenye yabantu akukho zazifana yaseYurophu. Kweli nqaku siza kuphendula umbuzo: "? Thenga - ngubani lo" Ngoko ke, bonke abantu Russia wamandulo yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezibanzi ezimbini: Abantu simahla yaye zixhomekeke. Isigaba sokuqala zibandakanya Society phezulu yeengcungcu (Neendwalutho, izidwangube), inkonzo (ekuliwa) kunye norhwebo (nabathengi). Udidi lwesibini zazintsonkothile ngakumbi isakhiwo, yaye kukho amaqela asekuhlaleni ezimbini eziphambili umntu enokuzichongela zezi: lichnozavisimye okanye amakhoboka. La makhoboka ifakiwe, owathi, ngokuchaseneyo yamandulo, abazange classical, nabakhonzi bamadoda, kunye nabantu ithembele - zithengwa kunye ryadovichi kunye smerdy.

Code of Laws "Russian Inyaniso"

Ezi iindidi ezimbini yabemi abaxhomekeke kwezoqoqosho uthetha enye, kodwa umthombo ebaluleke kakhulu zembali - "Russian Truth". It is a oluntsonkothileyo nezithethe zamandulo womthetho, ubhalwe, nto leyo yenziweyo kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela, ukususela kwinkulungwane XI. Kwakhona ke impendulo yalo mbuzo: "? Thenga - ngubani lo" Eyokuqala kwezi imithetho ibhalwe Yaroslav Mudry ngubani inkosana Novgorod. Waza ke wongezelela emva kokuba umsebenzi we-Grand Buffet e Kiev. Ke oonyana bakhe, nabathetheli Yaroslav, kunye nomzukulwana, uVladimir Monomakh, negalelo "Russian Inyaniso".

uludwe lwemithetho izibonelelo zolawulo enenkcukacha kuthenga, ukuba isiXhosa kakhulu - ryadovichey. Lowo umisela ukuba kuthengwe - kwihlelo ezibuthathaka yabemi. Le iwonga ekuhlaleni kwabo nabanye bobabini ezifanayo nezahlukileyo.

indawo ryadovichey jikelele kunye zakups

Itotali kukuba ukuxhomekeka bokuthenga kwaye ryadovichey waba isiseko kwezoqoqosho. man ezamahala okanye Lyudin (kwi isigama ixesha), sibe ryadovichem ukuba isivumelwano - inani, baza bathenga - .. Ukuba uthatha kupu, ie ityala. It kwangoko devalued ubomi labantu abaxhomekeke. Ukuba ukubulawa Lyudin eRashiya yamandulo basebenzisa isohlwayo sama-40 hryvnia, kunye nokuthengwa ubomi ryadovicha lifike ubomi lackey kunye smerd kwaye 5 kuphela hryvnia. Esi sisixa inhlawulo ilungileyo igxininisa ukuxhomekeka lwe data kunye namaqela kungalingani. Kakade ke, siye ubunzima ukuthenga ngakumbi. Ukuchaza njengabantu abaxhomekeke bacinga ithuba lokuthengisa ebukhobokeni, njalo-njalo.

Umahluko phakathi ukuthenga ryadovichami

Phakathi ukuthenga ryadovichami kukho umahluko omkhulu. Ryadovich linani isivumelwano, ngokuba ixesha elithile, kwaye ithi "Inyaniso Russian" naphantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko ayikwazanga kuthengiswa ebukhobokeni, okt. E. Do lichnozavisimym.

Ngenxa Ukuthengwa imeko inzima kakhulu. lo mntu Ukuthatha kupu, umsebenzi wakhe indlu yenkosi yakhe. Bona zákupy ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa umsebenzi yezolimo okanye nokunyamekelwa kwezi iinkomo. Mr wabavumela ukuba basebenzise ipropati yabo impahla, kodwa ukuba ukuthengwa amachweba, wazithwala ukuthembela uxanduva. Ukuba iya kubhuqwa okanye ebe enye impahla abantu, uxanduva wabelwa sele uMnu Le yenye inkalo imeko yentlalo yentengo, sigxininise ukunqongophala amalungelo ngokupheleleyo kolu didi yabemi.

Kodwa ke, ngokungafaniyo ryadovicha, ukuthenga into poholopit, t. E. Ukuhlawula in ngamakhoboka. It owayevunyelwe kuphela kwiimeko ezimbini:

• xa uthenga into kwicala ebe;
• xa inokuqhawula phaya enkosini yakhe, yaye ngaloo ndlela wala eyiyo ukubuyisela ityala-kupu.

Ukuba ke inkosi yalo wazama poholopit lokuthenga ngaphandle ngenxa yomthetho ezaneleyo, wayekwazi ukufumana ukhuseleko kwinkundla njengenkosana.

ukhuseleko lokuthenga Legal, ngokungafaniyo ryadovicha, nespelete ngokweenkcukacha kwi "Russian Inyaniso". Ngokukodwa:

• kuthenga ayikwazanga athengiswe abe likhoboka;
• kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ipropati ilifa lakhe;
• akaba nako ukufihlakala ndiwanikele kuye ukuba ukhethe kupu;
• ukuthenga Akuvunyelwe ukunika nayiphi na irenti;
• akangekhe sentuthumbo kungekho sizathu.

ukuthenga ie - ngezinye ixhomekeke ubuncinane umntu, kodwa ngokomthetho ichazwe ngokucacileyo eluntwini.

Ukukhusela amalungelo lokuthenga

Ukuba nayiphi na imithetho aphulwe, wayeza kufika ebaleka ukuya enkundleni umthetheli aze avakalise-non ukuthotyelwa komthetho. Le ukukhusela ilungelo kwinkundla njengenkosana ugxininise ukuba kuthengwe - owayesakuba indoda ezamahala owathi, akuba wasebenza kupu, yakwazi ukuba baphinde umgangatho wabo bangaphambili. Naye unikwe ilungelo lokuba angqine yi fanela ebizwa ngokuba ezincinane enkundleni, t. E. Hayi amatyala enkulu kakhulu. Ayikho enye isigaba ukuba akwazi ukwenza yabemi abaxhomekeke.