Ummandla kwimbali Don Cossacks. Imephu Area of the Army Don

Don Cossack nempi ahlala ummandla Don Cossacks. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, la mazwe ibekwe Rostov, Volgograd, Lugansk, ummandla Voronezh kunye Kalmykia. Nangona Rostov yadibana apha ekugqibeleni, inkoliso maxwebhu labemi kunye nembali ndawo sigcinwe kwiimyuziyam kunye noovimba bayo.

Imbali zokusekwa kwe-Don Cossacks

Umhla ukuyilwa olusemthethweni Don Cossacks ingqalelo ukuphuma umthombo yokuqala ebhaliweyo, nto leyo iye yagcinwa ukuze imihla yethu. It is a umbuzo Ivana Groznogo, apho ucela Michael Ataman Cherkashenina ukuthobela emva isikhokelo ukumkani Novosiltsev eConstantinople. indlela lakhe wathatha phezu Don. Ngeli wathembisa kusinina Cossacks. Dating diploma - Januwari 3, 1570. Nangona kucacile ngayo kukuba i-Union of Cossacks, abantu Don kwasekwa kakhulu ngaphambili. Ngokuba kungenjalo ukumkani nje akukho namnye ukuze iqwalaselwe.

Kodwa uxwebhu ibonisa ukuba ukususela ngelo xesha ngokusesikweni Don Cossacks elimgcinayo kumda osemazantsi ubukumkani. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVI, lithathe loo mmandla ukusuka kwamanye amazwe kunye ubude lilonke malunga 800 neekhilomitha. Yayikumgama kwi kweenxweme Don kunye nemingenela yawo. Kwaye emva kwenye Cossacks wekhulu imikhosi Don aba amandla engundoqo sixhobe ukulwa abahlaseli Turkish kunye Polish. Ukuze inkonzo yabo bamkela imali, wompu, ilothe, ilaphu kunye nesonka.

Ukuzimela self-government

Don Cossacks ngcembe yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini: noqoqosho kunye golutvennye. I yangaphambili ubukhulu becala endala namagqala wazibeka kumazwe asezantsi, le yokugqibela awakhutshwa kuhlala efikelela kuyo umlambo. Phambi kokuba ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVIII. Ezweni imikhosi Don baba lokuzimela kwaye babephantsi kolawulo isangqa yomkhosi kunye namaqumrhu alawulayo anyulwe. Phambi kokuya unyulo kwenzeka Ataman, sinegunya mda. Lo mkhosi yahlulwe alikhulu elinamanci mahlanu, intloko kuzo khulu, kwamaPentekoste kunye Khorunzhiy. Emva Bulavin kuvukela i Don Cossack impi subordinated ku Military Collegium.

Ukususela 1763 inkonzo Cossack waba kunyanzelekile ukuba abe nobomi kwindalo. Imfazwe 1773-1775 yaba abalimi kuphela ukuzimela Cossack. Don wathabatha amajoni bokumkani. Kodwa hayi isiphelo 'svoevolnichestva "zabo, yathatha ixesha elide emva koko.

ukungabikho don ngayo inkululeko

iminyaka 1769-1775 - ukuyilwa eqela Cossack Petersburg Legion kunye pyatisotennogo Ataman of the Don Cossacks webutho.

1797 - isisekelo Don Cossack zokudubula. Emva konyaka wathabatha indawo nokukhethwa Cossacks njenge webutho, ozimeleyo, kunye nezikhundla zabo ifaniswa nomkhosi. Ngelo xesha nye kubanjwe lifana Cossacks salary kwintlawulo ezintlwini ahambelanayo.

Kwiminyaka 1798-1800 Foreman Cossack wayifumana amalungelo afanayo njengoko wabanumzana Russian, kunye ngamakhoboka wazuza. Wabamba le ezintsha zilandelayo:

• Ukuqaliswa kwisithuba seminyaka engama-30 ukuya emkhosini;
• inkcazo kit yomkhosi;
• alawula izikhundla troop starshina webutho, njengoko umyalelo ngumncedi, substituent yayo;
• lahlule iimpahla ikhaya zomkhosi ngemihla.

Reform ka-1835

Innovation 1835 enikwa isabelo ngasinye Cossack kwi mali ka 30 eka. Kodwa sele ngo-1916 kule mali lancipha ukuya 11, yaye ilizwe olula 9.8 kuphela eka komhlaba. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha iintsapho Cossack kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukuqeshisa kwezi ziza, ukuze ahlawule amatyala izixhobo zomkhosi. Kuphela yesihlanu amakhaya ukuba ngexesha ithengiswayo.

Emva yotshintsho ka-1835 ngomhla emkhosini iliso zonke Cossacks ahlukana. Ummandla i-Don Cossacks babelindele utshintsho zilandelayo:

• re;
• candelo le ndawo wamajoni;
• emkhosini mandatory yabantu eyindoda ukususela kwiminyaka eli-18 ukuya 43 ubudala;
• umlomo zokuhlala kwi kummandla yomkhosi abasemzini;
• yenguqu Cossack kuhlobo evaliweyo kunye lokudla card noku;
• imvume kwekhithi matutu entsha.

Ukwamkelwa Don Army Region

Ngowe-1874, loo nto yathatha kwingxelo imeko entsha yolawulo lwangaphakathi. Kwakugcwele nabakhweli abasebenzi, ulawulo kumasebe ngamnye emkhosini zokudubula. 1875 - Ukuqaliswa igama ezisemthethweni Don Cossacks. Kulo nyaka kwakukho kunciphiso ixesha emkhosini iminyaka engama-20.

Ngexesha lokulawula kuka Alexander III INKUNDLA Don Army (kummandla IDonetsk) saqhotyoshelwa Gradonachalstva baseTaganrog kunye Rostov County. Benza yesithili semfundo entsha yoluntu. Kulo nyaka kwakukho ukupheliswa kwamasebe izithuba nezikhulu.

I-February Revolution of 1917 iminyaka ngokuqinisekileyo negalelo zokusekwa kwe-Don karhulumente umkhosi. Intloko yakhe waba Ataman AM Kaledin. It wamelana ukuvela elo qumrhu. Ngowe-1918 kwenzeka ukuyilwa le Don Soviet Republic, apho uhlala ezibengezelayo uphakamo anti-eSoviet. Ngowe-1920, uMzimba Don Cossack zayeka ukubakhona yaye yabuyiselwa kuphela-imi- 90 lwekhulu XX.