Iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Lake izimvu - kwiFreshwater chibi zinzulu ehlabathini

babeziindleko ezinkulu eRashiya idume imithombo yayo yendalo. Le nto yesibhozo ihlabathi kuthiwa emangalisayo echibini zamanzi. Abantu balapha ngentlonelo wambiza elwandle, bakholelwa amandla akhe ekhethekileyo. iinyani ezinika umdla malunga izimvu edikeni-ulwandle kwenza ekhethekileyo ngokwenene; kodwa ke, zinzulu kunye crystal ecacileyo fresh ichibi endala amanzi. Yena - amanzi yokugcina okusela eziphambili kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu.

Lake Map

Uxela zonke iinyani ezinika umdla malunga edikeni, kuqala kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kwindawo yayo. Izimvu ekummandla kumazantsi eMpuma eSiberia, phakathi kummandla Irkutsk ne Buryatia. It has a imilo Crescent. Ubude ubude balo-630 km, ububanzi avareji - km 50. Ummandla ichibi abangama-32 amawaka square metres. km, m. e. kumphezulu wayo iya lula ahlala kumazwe afana eNetherlands, Belgium kunye Denmark. Khawucinge, ichibi nje omnye ezinkulu eRashiya ufana ne kummandla lizwe lonke elaseYurophu!

itanki Reservoir - yinto isitya esikhulu, ubunzulu ubuninzi nothi ukubala ifikelela 1642 m Le yenye rekhodi .. Lake izimvu - eli chibi zinzulu kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. ETanganyika kunye oLwandle lweCaspian kuphela emva iindawo wesibini nowesithathu. Ukuze kumiselwe ubuninzi ubunzulu edikeni, izazinzulu ziye zenza ngaphezulu kwe 1.3 yezigidi imilinganiselo!

Kumathambeka esempuma isitya yayo iinduli ngobunono, lo gama i-Ugu - elulwalwa, exandekeni.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga izimvu ochaphazelekayo kunye nobudala bakhe. izazinzulu ezininzi ikuchaza nechibi indala ehlabathini, makuqatshelwe ukuba lenzeka kwiminyaka yezigidi 25-30 eyadlulayo. A inani irekhodi, ucinga ukuba ezinye wamaziko anjalo amanzi kwiplanethi yethu siphile ngokuvisisana-20 iminyaka eliwaka, kancane kunye zabolachivayas.

izinto Water

Ichibi izimvu, amanqaku ezinomdla apho ukuyila, lo vimba ubalulekileyo ngamanzi amatsha ehlabathini. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi rough, umthamo 23.600 cubic metres. km, nto leyo 20% loovimba zehlabathi amanzi okusela. Oku ngaphezu ngumthamo opheleleyo ulwelo emihlanu edumileyo Great Lakes of North America - Ontario, Erie, Superior, Michigan kunye Huron. Oku amaxesha-25 mkhulu ku Lake Ladoga.

Ecacileyo omkhulu, sinako ukucinga ukuba xa ndithulule yonke Tank amanzi izimvu, ngoko yonke Russian umelwe ukuba abe 3,000 iimoto itanki! Isazinzulu owaziwayo Kolotilo LG kakhulu ixabiso ngevangeli lika izimvu oovimba-236 ezigidi zeerandi.

Zonke ezi zibakala ezinomdla zamanzi in ngokubaluleka ukuze uluntu ayinakuze ithelekiswe nesibakala sokuba emanzini dama - ezihlambulukileyo, aselwayo, ngaphandle ukubilisa, kwaye pre-unyango. Kwi-21 oyile ngenkulungwane kunye negesi imibhobho, imizi-mveliso kunye nezityalo, inkunkuma kunye namandla enyukliya, le rekhodi kunqulwe zamanzi. Amanzi inyulu kangangokuba elubala yayo ayafika ubunzulu-40 m.

Lo mba ke isigqibo ukuze zifakwe kwi-1996 zamanzi kuluhlu sites UNESCO Heritage World.

Biota

Edume kakhulu Lake zamanzi? izinto ezinomdla (yabantwana - ingakumbi) zinxulumene ikakhulu ukuba flora yayo emangalisayo ezahlukahlukeneyo nezilwanyana. Iinzulu namanzi ekhaya ukuba iintlobo ezingaphezu 2,500 zezilwanyana nezityalo. Uninzi eziphilayo zifumaneka apha, okt Akukho ndawo ehlabathini engasekho Ayifumaneki. Le whitefish, lenombolo, sculpin, Intlanzi Baikalian, efikelela ezinobunzima 100 kg, sisinkantazi, trout, omul unique viviparous iintlanzi golomyanka leyo 40% iqulathe amanqatha kunye nabanye. Kubunzulu ezinkulu zizilwanyana yamandulo kakhulu - sponge. Eli chibi odumileyo zamanzi - uphawu zamanzi. Izazinzulu sekunjalo anikwe impendulo ecacileyo ngendlela nabo yindlela apha. Yezizathu - weza kwi Angara kunye Yenisei kwi-Arctic Ocean.

Uhlolisiso yaqinisekisa ukuba kummandla izimvu namhlanje-kanye waya Dinosaurs, mammoths kunye imikhombe zoboya. Ngoku apha baphile amabhere, nezamaxhamakazi, zexabiso Barguzin Sable. nyoni Asian, must yexhama, Olkhon vole kunye nezinye iintaka ezininzi kwatsala ingqalelo yabalindi intaka ehlabathini lonke.

Ummandla wonxweme zizityebi imithi ezizodwa. Ecaleni iibhanki akhule nespruce relict, nomsedare onamandla eSiberia, imithi stilted. Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa umthi larch, ogama ubudala kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-700.

Ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga zamanzi

Okukhona enomtsalane chibi? Uluhlu kungaba elide.

1. Ichibi iqhuba imilambo 350 (ukusuka kwenkulungwane ye-19, eli nani zange elikhankanyiweyo) exhasiweyo. Kwezi, i inkulu ke Upper Angara, Turk, Sarma, Snow, umlambo Barguzin kunye Selenga. Oku lulandelayo izimvu 1 emlanjeni kuphela - i Angara.
2. Le echibini ixhomekeke ummandla seismically esebenzayo. Apha abhalwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo inyikima amanqaku 6-7, yaye ngoAgasti 2008 umhlaba wanyikima kunye nomkhosi lamanqaku 9.1.
3. Kuba msulwa amanzi ihlola crustacean ikho ezincinane - epishura zamanzi zizizathu ezibalulekileyo kakhulu kwimpilo-ntle ze-ikhosistim echibini.
4. amanzi abandayo edikeni kwi kufudumala kumphezulu kuphela umlinganiselo ukuya ku +10 ... + 12 degrees, xa iindawo ezithile solar - up to degrees 15, kubushushu ezantsi + ... + degrees-2 kuphela 4.

Ichibi izimvu, izibakala umdla kuzo zidweliswe ngasentla, abuze imibuzo emininzi ukuze izazinzulu. Ayilungiseki de ngezenzeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana:

• ice iinduli emikhulu kuthembeke ekhethekileyo elwandle;
• isangqa enkulu emnyama etymology ongaziwayo, kufudukela ngaphantsi kwe ice;
• ixesha ezenzeka ngaphezu kwamanzi illusion enombala kunye isanga eliqaqambileyo.