Imvelaphi yamagama

It - yinto kakhulu into ekhethekileyo, ibe nguThixo kuphela umntu. Ingasetyenziswa ukugqithisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo, baveze izimvo zabo, ubalumkise. Ngaphandle ubaxo sinokuthi thina - loo nto ubophelela abantu eluntwini, ebavumela ukuba basebenzisane kunye nabanye.

Kodwa ke abantu kuphela ukuthetha, zicaciswe gca yaye exhaustively ukuchaza kakuhle oko kwenzekayo. Iyunithi ye intetho - ligama kubonisa ingqiqo okanye nesenzeko. Kwaye oku nje ngokudibanisa izandi. Isibakala sokuba imvelaphi yamagama - zaphezulu, iBhayibhile ithi. Kwaye ke inyaniso kukuba, kubonakala ngathi, yintoni enye ukucacisa isipho esimangalisayo ukuvakalisa ingqikelelo indibanisela izandi eziliqela, izenzo, iimpawu ezinzulu?

Nangona kunjalo, asiyi lokumba zakwalizwi kunye Ezolimi asondele miba. Zonke nezendawo nezendawo engamelanga ithathwe njenge. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, uthabathe imvelaphi yegama Russian. Baye bobabini elide exesha ilifa kunye nomzekelo lobuciko. Kudala-dala, ngokutsho izazinzulu, kwakukho ulwimi eyodwa abantu yaseYurophu Indo-, ngubani inzala ngqo izizwe Proto-Slavic. Ukusuka kwezi, ke, kwakukho Russian. Ngenxa ukulungisa le nokuxubana kwi kwintsimi enkulu ukuba ngcembe nobunye ulwimi wanyamalala, yaphela zibe iziyelelane ezininzi, nto leyo kamva benziwa kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo. Okwangoku zahluke kangangokuba abathwali babo bedla nje abayiqondi omnye nomnye.

Labhalwa-lenqaba Lexicon iindidi na iingcambu yaseYurophu Indo-, kodwa njengoko nokuxubana ambathe nabo luxutywe ngokupheleleyo kunye nezinye izizwe, ulwimi lwabo lokuqala phantsi impembelelo kweelwimi Iranian (a ngenxa nakunxibelelwano amaSkitiya nezizwe ezinxulumene), kwaye ke ngoko - i-Gothic (isizathu - eloyisile ngamaGoth). Asazi nokuba ukrokrela ukuba ubudala amanye amagama ukuba sisebenzise yonke imihla, amakhulu, okanye amawaka eminyaka. Omnye umzekelo olula. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba igama elithi "athwale". Oku ne Slavonic Endala iya ngokoqobo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi 'ubusi ophetheyo, "okanye ubusi wowadlayo. ukuba wadalwa indibaniselwano amagama amabini ingcambu. Kwaye ngendlela efanayo (ingcambu + isimamva + ingcambu) inani elikhulu amazwi Russian. imizekelo Okuninzi - ngoonobhala, eqaqambileyo, intloko ndachetywa, kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Enye yeenkqubo zendalo ilizwi - nongeza ilizwi izimamva elitsha, kaninzi kunye notshintsho intsingiselo yamagama. Ngaphandle imizekelo emininzi. Igama elithi "ibhabhathane" livela elithi "baba" - i nokuxubana yamandulo babekholelwa ukuba emva kokufa umfazi ibe amabhabhathane.

Kukho nenye indlela yokutshata amagama amatsha - yinto tekelela izandi, kubandakanya izandi yendalo (umzekelo, igama elithi "nengabangaba", "apple", njalo njalo). Mhlawumbi le ndlela isetyenziswa abantu bakudala. Kuthekani ukuba igama elithi "inja", "ingonyama", "kati" - kodwa hayi ngenxa izandi we AT ulinganiso endalo, kungabi kongezwe iingcambu zamagama? Bona isoloko isetyenziselwa kwintetho ethandwayo. amazwi efanayo kwezinye iilwimi zaseYurophu - kuthetha ukuba la mazwi lweenkobe Russian, imbali yazo isekelwe ngolunye ulwimi, Proto-Slavic.

Kufuneka ke ukuba imfundiso imvelaphi yaseYurophu Indo-German, isisiGaelic, isiGrike, Slavic, nesiSanskriti, Latin, hayi ngaphandle kwesizathu. Umzekelo, e-Hindi kunye Persian, kukho amagama afanayo kakhulu kunoogxa babo kwi Slavic okanye iilwimi zesiJamani.

imvelaphi umdla kakhulu bafunga amagama. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba anabi ngqwabalala. Imvelaphi yamagama, leyo kuthiwa uyandixhaphaza, omdala kakhulu (hayi kuquka abathile abaye abavela kwezinye iilwimi). Abantu abaninzi musani ukuholwa. Kodwa ozithandayo amazwi amaninzi kunye ileta "b" kanye kwakuthetha "nenkcitha", livela elithi "zula". zityekele kakhulu kamva, lifikile ukuba athetha into enye namhlanje. Kuye nelinye phantsi uKumkanikazi Anne Ioannovne, leyo kwavalwa kuyo.

Amagama wabiza amadoda kunye esini manina iingcambu Proto-Slavic, kufuneka analogs zazo zonke iilwimi Slavic. amakhulu ngamakhulu eminyaka eyadlulayo abazange babe ngqwabalala. Igama olwimi yamandulo, inkqubo ukudluliselwa iintlobano, ifana kakhulu nogxa wakhe Russian, yaye ngenxa yoko, eli lizwi nalo mandulo kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, jikelele, ulwimi lwethu unembali ende - imvelaphi amagama kakhulu isekelwe yesiqalo abantu zabo Indo-Aryan, mhlawumbi nokuba nzulu. Noko ke, nangoku into umzukulwana ngqo nesiSanskriti, ukutyhubela imbali yayo iye yatshintsha. Ngoko ke, imvelaphi amazwi ulwimi lwethu - hayi ngokupheleleyo Indo-Europe, kwaye ngenxalenye - Asian ngokuyinxenye - French, Latin, isiGrike IsiNgesi.