Inani labantu baseMexico City. Isixeko saseMexico City okanye iMexico City: abantu, indawo, izithili

ISixeko saseMexico yidolophu endala kunazo zonke eMelika, enye yeyona nkcubeko ekhangelekayo yamasiko kunye nezezimali kwilizwekazikazi. Amashishini amaninzi azama ukungena kule ndawo ukuqala ishishini lawo. Kubandakanya ukubonga kubo inani labantu baseMexico City likhula.

Kwimvelaphi

Ngo-1325, ama-Aztec, ahlala emanxwemeni aseLake Texcoco, yaba ngabaqashi besixeko. Ngaloo xesha kwabizwa igama elithi Tenochtitlan, ekuguquleleni ukusuka kwi-Aztec - "isixeko esicacileyo".

Intsimi yeso sixeko yayinemizila yamanzi, amadama kunye namadriddo. Izindlu zama-Aztec zazibonakala zifumana amandla ukusuka ekujuleni kweLake Texcoco, ngoko zomelele kwaye zihloniphekile. Abantu baseYurophu abawubona isixeko okokuqala babethwa ngumhle weTenochtitlan, kwaye bawubiza ngokuthi yi-Aztec Venetian, efana nayo. Inani labantu baseMexico City ngelo xesha alizange liphezulu.

Xa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16 leminyaka amaSpanish aholwa nguFc Cortes efika kwisixeko, ama-Aztec awazange abone ingozi epareni. Ngaphezu koko, uFernand Cortes ubonakala ngathi unkulunkulu uQeetzalcoatl, owathi ngokwesiprofeto kwakuza kulo nyaka. Kungekudala ama-Aztec avukela amaSpeyin, ayefuna ukugqilaza iTenochtitlan. Iindwendwe ezingamenywanga zihlala phantsi, kodwa kungekudala. Ngaphantsi kweminyaka emibini kamva, uFort Cortes wabuyela kunye nomkhosi ukuvakalisa isihlomelo saseTenochtitlan kwisithsaba saseSpeyin, waza wamemezela ukuba yinkunzi yeNew Spain.

Utshintsho lobomi bokuphila

I-Tenochtitlan yaphela ukuba ibe khona, kwaye phakathi kwe-1521 kwakusuka isixeko esitsha, esibizwa ngokuba nguMehitli, uthixo wemfazwe yama-Aztec. AbaseSpeyin baqalisa ukulungisa indlela yabo yobomi kunye nemveliso kwiprojekthi entsha. Bakhululekile ukuba bazive apha ukuba bavule indlu yokushicilela, kwaye kungekudala iyunivesithi yokuqala. Emva koko, abantu baseMexico baqala ukukhula.

Kubonakala ukuba babengenalo iingcali ezinokukwazi ukunqoba iinkqubo zamanzi ezinqunywe ngama-Aztec, ngoko banquma ukucima iLake Texcoco. Imiphumo yale sigqibo sele isaphila nanamhla: izindlu zasendulo ezakhiwa ngama-Aztec zibonakala zibambelela ekufuneni inkxaso kunye nethemba lokuzimela ezichaseni ezinkulu.

Umphefumlo wexesha lethu

I-Modern City yaseMexico iyinhloko-dolophu yaseMexico eyazimeleyo kwaye enye yeyona mihlaba emikhulu eLatin America. Ukukhula kolukhulu lwabantu, ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwemveliso kunye nophuhliso kubeka iMexico City ngokumalunga nezixeko ezinkulu kwihlabathi.

Iziko, ngasemzantsi kunye neentaba zeNqila yeSithili, yonke indawo iyabandakanywa kwizithili zikamasipala (zizonke ezili-16).

Kubemi, inkulu - dolophu yaseMexico iyaqhubeka isithethe esihle sesandulela-phambili saseTenochtitlan, ngaphandle kokushiya ishumi elininzi kwiidolophu ezinabantu abaninzi emhlabeni. Ngokwezibalo zonyaka ka-2010, isixeko saseMexico saseMexico kunye namadlelo asingabantu abayizigidi ezingama-20, kwaye ubuninzi bebantwini babesondele abantu abayi-6 000 kwikhilomitha nganye.

Ngelo xesha uMoscow akazange akwazi ukuqhayisa inani elininzi labahlali, nangona i-capital yethu ikwabhekwa njengedolophu enkulu kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, ngo-2010 bekukho abantu abayizigidi ezili-12. Ukwahlukana kuninzi kunokuba kulungiswe. Inani labantu baseMexico City likhula minyaka yonke.

Imihlanga kwintsimi

Inani labantu baseMexico City lenziwe ngabantu beentlanga ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlanga. Ubuninzi bemihlali yi-mestizo, ezalwe kwiimanyano zaseNdiya naseYurophu. Abameli bomthonyama bemveli ngokumalunga nesahlulo-nxalenye bavelisa i-1% kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, kwiSithili seSithili kukhona ababameli bamaqela omthonyama amaNdiya. Izithili zaseMexico zimelelwe kumaqela amancinci kunye:

• Nawoa;
• Mishteki;
• Masaua;
• Purepecha;
• Maya;
• Zapoteci;
• Otomie.

Njengomthetho, abantu basekuhlaleni bathetha iSpanish, kodwa abanye baqhubeka bexhulumana ngolwimi lwabo lwendalo.

KwiSixeko saseMexico unokuhlangabezana nabameli bamazwe anjengo:

• Jamani;
• EFransi;
• EUnited States;
• ESpain nabanye.

Ngokuphathelele imfundo, eMexico ngaphezu kwe-50% yabemi banemfundo ephakamileyo. Ukuthelekisa, kulo lonke elaseMexico abantu abaneeyunivesithi bangama-36% kuphela. Kwinqununu, ukhetho olukhulu lwezikolo ezizimeleyo nezikarhulumente. Nayi liziko elikhulu lemfundo ephakamileyo-i-Mexican Autonomous University. Apha abo baphupha ukuguqula ubomi babo nokufumana isifundo sezinga eliphezulu loluntu.

Unqulo

Uninzi lwabantu baseMexico City ngaba ngamaKatolika (abangaphezu kwama-90% abo apha). Kwinqanaba elingaphambili iKathhedral, ekwakhiweni kwabo baseYurophu ababandakanyekayo ekuphuhlisweni kwehlabathi elitsha.

Enyanisweni, inani lamaKatolika laqala ukuhla kwii-60s: abameli bamaSulumane, amaYuda kunye namaKristu angamavangeli avela. Kukho abangakholelwa kuThixo. Abanye abahlali belikhulu liyi-currents ezidibanisa ukholo lobuKatolika kunye neengcamango zesithethe. Kwiindawo ezininzi zaseMexico City, iinkolelo ezinjenge-shamanism okanye inkolo ye-santeria zishunyayelwa.

Impembelelo yemigangatho yokuphila kwinani labantu

Isimo sabantu beli sixeko sixhaswa yiintsapho, apho abantwana abangama-2-3 bazalwa khona. Ngokomyinge, abantu baseMexico baphila iminyaka engama-74. Izinga lokungabikho kwemisebenzi liphezulu ngokwaneleyo. Le ngxaki ebalulekileyo ejongene nabahlali bezixeko ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, abantu baseMexico City bayakhula ngexabiso lokuhamba okukhulu kwabangaphandle.

Ngokomyinge, isiqingatha sabasebenzi sisebenza ngokungalungile. Ukubonelela ngeendawo zokusebenzela ngokubanzi ngamashishini amashishini athile:

• Ukwakha;
• Ukutya;
• Uveliso lweoli;
• I tetile.

I-Melika lizwe apho abhenkethi bazama ukuya khona. Inkunzi enkulu inomdla othile, ngoko ke ishishini lokhenketho apha akuyona indawo yokugqibela. Ububanzi bemfundo lukwaba nenani elikhulu labasebenzi. Inani labantu baseMexico City ngaphandle kwamadlelo ngo-2015 babengabantu abayi-8,918,653.

Esi sixeko esikhulu kunazo zonke saseMexico, kukho umlinganiselo omkhulu wezakhiwo ezibonakalayo kunye nezakhiwo zezakhiwo. I-city-megalopolis, apho abameli beentlanga ezahlukeneyo neenkolelo bafumana indawo yokuhlala. Abantu bahlonipha imbali yesixeko sabo kunye nenkxaso yenkcubeko kunye nezembali. Kodwa unyaka ngamnye ukwenza oku kunzima kakhulu, njengoko isibalo sabantu besixeko saseMexico sikhula ngokukhula kweendwendwe ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo.