Ingcamango "yeenkqubo zebhanki": ekutshintsheni

Ngelishwa, ingcamango yenkqubo yebhanki yeRussia Federation nge-inertia iyaqhubeka ihambelana noqoqosho lwenguqulelo. Akunjalo lula. Isigxina esingaphandle, mhlawumbi, kusekho umgaqo-siseko ombini wokwakhiwa kwawo (umsebenzi welayisense weebhanki zorhwebo ulawulwa yiBhanki Ephakathi). Umxholo wenkqubo ngokwawo, kubandakanywa nemisebenzi yeebhanki ezili-112 ezinkulu kakhulu, ngoku zilungelelaniso olukhulu.

Nangona izibikezelo ezingenakulungeleka ngo-2013, ezinxulumene nokunciphisa imali yokuboleka imali, isicwangciso esitsha senziwa ngokukodwa. Ngoko ke, ingcamango "yebhanki inkqubo" namhlanje ayiyiyo i-static. Izixhobo zalo ziya kutshintsha. Umzekelo wenguqu usuphelile. Inkqubo yebhanki, njengenxalenye yoqoqosho lwesizwe, ifinyelele umgca wozinzo kwezoqoqosho. Oku kubhekisela kwisitatimende esisemthethweni sokuphumelela kwelizwe kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2007 kwinqanaba loqoqosho lowe-1990.

Ngeli nqanaba langoku, liba ngumthunywa wevangeli ukuba anike umbane kwi-shishini lonke. Isidingo sokuguqula umgaqo kunye neenkalo zeenkqubo zebhanki zicacile. Utyalo-mali oluyinkunzi kumathambo obutsha luyimpumelelo ebalulekileyo yentlalo yeebhanki. Kuvuyisa ukuba amanyathelo athile asele athatyathwe kulolu hlobo. Ukunqoba "isangqa esichukumisayo" seendlela ezinqongqo zemali, ukunyanzelisa imveliso yasekhaya, utshintsho lomgaqo-mali. Ingcamango "yebhanki kwinkqubo" iya kutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwindlela entsha "yexabiso eliphambili", eli li-5.5%. Ukuthelekisa, izinga lokuhlaziya ngoku li-8.25%. Iinkqubo zokusebenzisana nezinga elitsha loqoqosho lozwelonke ziphuhliswa.

Ngelo xesha, sishumayela "ingxoxo", oko kukuthi, ukwanda kokuthatha inxaxheba kwinqanaba lebhanki. Ubu bungqina bokuba kuvela kubhanki kamasipala.

Isicwangciso sokutshintshwa kwendlela yokuphuhlisa ibhanki yasekhaya ingasebenza njengecandelo lebhanki laseChina. Sisondeza kule modeli ngesilinganiselo esifanayo samagosa asebhanki alawulwa nguRhulumente-malunga nama-60%. Injongo ibonakala. Ukunciphisa ubunzima bezoqoqosho, amava okunciphisa amaxabiso omyinge, ukunciphisa amaxabiso okubolekwa kwemali mboleko, kunye nomgaqo "othobekileyo" wokunikezelwa kwemali kuyimfuneko. Iziphumo ze-PRC zichanekileyo: amazinga okukhula ngo-2006 anama-9.5%, kwaye nangoku ngoku, phantsi kweemeko zengxakini yehlabathi, i-8% "izulu-phezulu" kwishishini leNtshona. Umxholo wexesha elikhoyo "webhanki" yommelwane wethu osempuma usekelwe kwimigaqo emibini. Okokuqala, icandelo elikarhulumente elichazwe ngokucacileyo kwaye likhethiweyo kwinkqubo yebhanki. Isiseko saloo mabhanki angama-4 (iBhanki yeChina, iShishino kunye nezoLhwebo, iBhanki yokwakha, iBhanki yezoLimo). Okwesibini, "i-market" yayo "ayakhelwe kwiindawo ezibhubhisayo" zorhulumente, kodwa zidalwe ngokuhambelana kokuqala. Kuyafaneleka ukuphawula "ukuqhubela phambili", kodwa ukuxhotyiswa kwemvelo kwamashishini.

Kubonisa ukuba okwangoku iBhanki Ephakathi YaseRussia iqala ukubonisa isikhundla esakhayo sombuso malunga nokuthumela ngaphandle kweRashiya.

Isidingo sokuphuhlisa umgaqo-mali ocacileyo kunye nokuqondakalayo wemali. Omnye kufuneka akhumbule ukuphuma kweentlawulo ezingekho mthethweni "ngokukhawuleza kwaphawula" nguSergei Ignatiev ophelileyo kunyaka odlulileyo kwi-48-49 yezigidigidi zeedola. Ngokuphindwe kabini imali (ngokubhekiselele kumgcini-mthetho kunye ne-Interpol) iqulethwe "ngexabiso" ekuphumeni kwimiqathango yokuthumela ngaphandle!

Ingqwalasela eyongezelelweyo ihlawulwa kwimisebenzi yee-bhanki zamanye amazwe. Ukuvuselela umboleko wabathengi kunyaka ophelileyo yinto yabo. Isiqingatha sokuthatha inxaxheba kweengxowa-mali zangaphandle phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo kwenyuka ngo-Apreli 2012 ukuya kuma-31%!

Inyaniso yokuba "iibhanki zamanye amazwe" zinceda urhulumente, ukuhanjiswa kwemali, akungabazeki. Nangona kunjalo, "iintombi" zanamhlanje zibonakala zibala, ziboleka ngokuthe ngqo kwiimarike zaseRussia, ezizisombulula iingxaki zokuba "beza" kwizakhiwo zabo zonina zentshona, ezikhuthaza ukuphuma kwemali ngokuboleka abo bangabemi. Njengoko unokubona, imbono "yenkqubo yebhanki" iphosakele ngenxa yeli phulo.

Zonke izinto ezikhankanywe ngentla apha "yendiza" yeenkunzi zemali zishunyayelwa ngokusemthethweni, ngokuqinisekileyo, kungekhona. Ngokucacileyo, ekupheleni kwesigaba sokutshintsha kunye nokwakhiwa kwabadlali abathengisayo bemarike, "nje ixesha" lokujongisa ngokucacileyo le gale. Nangona kunjalo, wonk Ukufakwa ngokusemthethweni "ngesandla esinzima" Utshintsho lomlambo kumthetho wesigqeba ngokulawulwa kwemali ngokwenene luvulele umnyango kubalingisi bethu beemarike zeemarike waza wavula izandla zentengo yezobugebengu.

Ekugqibeleni, siyaqaphela ukuba uluntu oluninzi luyathemba ukulungiswa kwenkqubo yebhanki yasekhaya.