Umhlathi ophukile: iimpawu kunye nonyango.

Imihlathi ephezulu nangaphezulu iyingxenye yamathambo ebuso kwaye yenza umsebenzi oyintloko wokulungisa amazinyo. Imihlathi idibaniswa ngokuncediswa kwezixhobo ze-ligament-muscular. Ukulimala kwabo kwenzeka kaninzi, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo - kunye nomhlathi osezantsi.

Umhlathi ophukile ngumphumo wokuhlasela ngqo, ubungozi bezithuthi, ukulimala kwezemidlalo. Iqulethe umonakalo emhlanjeni ngokuphulaphula ingqibelelo yayo.

Ukuba unesifo somhlathi, iimpawu zizahluke kakhulu kwaye ziyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke kwingozi kunye neqondo lobunzima balo. Okokuqala, ukucwangciswa kobuso kuphazamiseka, ukuvela kweempahla zesebe, ukuguquka kweluma. Ingxaki ezinobungozi ngokukhawuleza kukuphefumula, ukuphaphaka, ukuphazamiseka kwentlungu. I-X-ray ngexesha elifanelekileyo linokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo indawo kunye nendawo yokwahlukana.

Kwizahluko zomhlathi omphezulu, iziqwenga zomhlathi ziyaxoshwa phantsi. Kungenakwenzeka ukuvala umlomo wakho, vala amazinyo akho. Kukho ukulahleka kobubele bekhanda kwisithili somhlathi, i-lachrymation, i-edema yeentloko zeentloko. Isimo esingenalwazi ngumqondiso wokuqala weengcambu.

Ukuba umhlathi ophukile uwonakaliswe kwinqanaba elingaphantsi, u- asymmetry of face ubonakala , i- chin is moved, i-bone pieces is mobile, ukuvula komlomo kunzima, kunzima ukuhlafuna nokugwinya. Xa kukho intlungu ebuhlungu, imeko yokutshatyalaka ingenzeka. Iimeko ezinobungozi zinokwenzeka xa ukuvumba komnyango we-larynx kuvaliwe. Kule meko, i-asphyxia ikhula ngokukhawuleza, iphelile, kwiimeko ezininzi, ngesiphumo esibulalayo. Isakhiwo somhlathi osezantsi sineziganeko zayo, ngoko ke xa ukulimala kuvela iintlobo ezininzi-eziphindwe kabini, ezintathu. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, umhlathi ongaphantsi unokuvela kummandla ophezulu wamasipha ebuso. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho ukugqithwa kwezicubu ezithambileyo ebusweni kunye nokuvela kwexesha elifanayo.

Umhlathi ophukile uphathwe ngendlela eyahlukileyo, kuba unyango lweqhekeza lomhlathi luxhomeke kakhulu ekunikezeni uncedo lokuqala lwezonyango kwixhoba.

Uncedo lokuqala xa kunobungozi bomhlathi ophezulu okanye obuncinane bubandakanya amanyathelo ajongene nokuzisa indawo emelekileyo kwindawo epholileyo, ukususa isigulane kwisimo sokuphazamiseka, ukuyeka ukuphuma. Ngamaqhekeza omhlathi ophezulu, ubuncinci obuphantsi, ngokusondeleyo, kufuphi naphezulu kunye nokulungiswa kwendlela nayiphi na indlela ekhoyo. Kwimeko yokuqhawulwa kwe-mandible, iimeko ezifanayo zenziwa: inxalenye ewonakalisiweyo yesifo somzimba ixhomekeke kwi-bandage yokuxhasa. Xa kwenzeka ukuba ulwimi lugqitywe, kufuneka lucwetshwe ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-tip, uze ugule isigulane phantsi ukuze kungabikho ukuhluthwa. Kwimeko yokulimala kancinci, isigulane siyasibhedlele kwisibhedlele. Ukudluliselwa esibhedlele esikhethekileyo kukunyanzeliswa ngenjongo yokulungiswa okuqhelekileyo kweengcezu zethambo.

Umhlathi ophukile uphathwa phantsi kweemeko ezimileyo. Iziqhezu zeThambo zixutywe kwaye zizinze, ukungafihliyo kunikwa ngoncedo lwezintambo zezinyosi zetambo. Kwakhona kusetyenziswa iipolisi okanye i-fila filaments, i-osteosynthesis kwiintonga zensimbi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, amanxeba ayenziwayo, kwaye kunye neziphene ezininzi, izitambo zetambo ezicatshiwe. Ukulungiswa kweendawo ezonakalisiweyo zihlala zide zize zihluthe ngokupheleleyo.

Xa kukho ukudibanisa okuchanekileyo kweziqhekeza, ukungabikho kokuvuvukala, i-fracture iphilisa malunga neenyanga ezi-1-2. Amatshini asuswe emva kokubunjwa kweefowuni ezinomonakalo okonakele kwindawo . Ukulungiswa kokugqibela nokubuyiselwa kwayo yonke imisebenzi kuthatha ixesha elide. Ukulawula phezu kwenkqubo yokuphilisa kwenziwa ngoncedo lweemviwo ze-X-ray.